基于CAN总线的汽车电子产品检测平台研究
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摘要
CAN工业局域网也叫控制器局域网,它属于现场总线的范畴,是一种高速、可靠、并且对分布式实时控制应用来说是低成本的串行总线,它被广泛用在分布式处理系统和实时控制工业应用系统中。本文实现的CAN总线在汽车电子产品检测方面的应用方案具有通用性、可编程、可维护、可扩展升级及智能化等特点。
电子产品生产中,电路必然要经过检测阶段。随着科技的进步,电子产品发展迅速,电路一直处于无休止的小型化进程中。自从表面贴装技术(SMT)开始逐渐取代插孔式安装技术以来,电路板上安装的器件变得越来越小,板上单位面积所包含的功能则越来越强大,检测的难度也愈来愈大。汽车电子产品亦是如此,而汽车电子产品的安全性使得其检测过程更为重要。
本文针对汽车电子产品的特点,提出了一种基于电路功能的自动检测方法,通过电路板输入输出口对其各功能模块进行检测。通过CAN总线将管理机与检测工位组成网络,将检测环节融入到生产管理之中。本文主要完成了以下工作:
1.在检测系统的基础上,组建CAN总线网络。制订了完整的CAN应用层协议与检测信息标准。考虑到检测信息量较大,制定了一种多帧传输的方式,保证信息能准确有效地上传至管理机。
2.对各CAN节点的硬件电路进行了设计,完成了各功能模块的硬件匹配及调试。
3.在硬件电路的基础上进行软件的设计及调试,使检测工位可以自动下载程序至电路板,与待测电路板配合,按照电路各功能模块的顺序自动完成检测任务。同时对CAN通信软件进行了设计,实现了数据的网络传输。
CAN industrial LAN also called controller LAN, it belongs to the scope of Field bus, which is a high-speed, reliable, and low-cost serial bus to the real-time control applications. it was widely used in distributed processing system and real-time control industrial applications system. An applications plan of CAN-bus was achieved in automotive electronics testing in this article, which was versatile, programmable, maintaining, upgrading and expansion of intelligent.
The detection stage must be done in the production of electronic products. With the advancement of technology, the development of electronic products was rapid. Circuit has been in the process of small endlessly. Since the surface mount technology (SMT) replaced jack-mount technology gradually, devices installed in circuit boards have been getting smaller and smaller, the function of board has been getting stronger and stronger, the detection was also much harder and harder. So were automotive electronics, and the safety of automotive electronics products made the detection process much more important.
A kind of auto-detect method is proposed based on the circuit function according to the characteristics of automotive electronics in this article, which detect each function module of the PCB through its I/O port. It combines the managers and the detected positions to a network with CAN Bus and integrated the detection into the production of management. This article mainly completed the following works:
1. The CAN Bus is built up based on detection system. A full CAN application layer protocol and a full detection information standard were formulated. Considering the system has plentiful data being transferred, a Multi-frame method is adopted to ensure all CAN points transmitting data to the supervising computer accurately and effectively.
2. Depending on the application needs, CAN points electric circuits are designed. The hardware matching and debugging of each functional module were completed.
3. The software was designed and debugged based on the hardware circuit, which made the detected position to download program to the PCB automatically, and measured in accordance with the circuit board with the order of the functional modules finished the detection tasks automatically. At the same time, the CAN communication software has been designed to achieve the data transmission on network.
电子产品生产中,电路必然要经过检测阶段。随着科技的进步,电子产品发展迅速,电路一直处于无休止的小型化进程中。自从表面贴装技术(SMT)开始逐渐取代插孔式安装技术以来,电路板上安装的器件变得越来越小,板上单位面积所包含的功能则越来越强大,检测的难度也愈来愈大。汽车电子产品亦是如此,而汽车电子产品的安全性使得其检测过程更为重要。
本文针对汽车电子产品的特点,提出了一种基于电路功能的自动检测方法,通过电路板输入输出口对其各功能模块进行检测。通过CAN总线将管理机与检测工位组成网络,将检测环节融入到生产管理之中。本文主要完成了以下工作:
1.在检测系统的基础上,组建CAN总线网络。制订了完整的CAN应用层协议与检测信息标准。考虑到检测信息量较大,制定了一种多帧传输的方式,保证信息能准确有效地上传至管理机。
2.对各CAN节点的硬件电路进行了设计,完成了各功能模块的硬件匹配及调试。
3.在硬件电路的基础上进行软件的设计及调试,使检测工位可以自动下载程序至电路板,与待测电路板配合,按照电路各功能模块的顺序自动完成检测任务。同时对CAN通信软件进行了设计,实现了数据的网络传输。
CAN industrial LAN also called controller LAN, it belongs to the scope of Field bus, which is a high-speed, reliable, and low-cost serial bus to the real-time control applications. it was widely used in distributed processing system and real-time control industrial applications system. An applications plan of CAN-bus was achieved in automotive electronics testing in this article, which was versatile, programmable, maintaining, upgrading and expansion of intelligent.
The detection stage must be done in the production of electronic products. With the advancement of technology, the development of electronic products was rapid. Circuit has been in the process of small endlessly. Since the surface mount technology (SMT) replaced jack-mount technology gradually, devices installed in circuit boards have been getting smaller and smaller, the function of board has been getting stronger and stronger, the detection was also much harder and harder. So were automotive electronics, and the safety of automotive electronics products made the detection process much more important.
A kind of auto-detect method is proposed based on the circuit function according to the characteristics of automotive electronics in this article, which detect each function module of the PCB through its I/O port. It combines the managers and the detected positions to a network with CAN Bus and integrated the detection into the production of management. This article mainly completed the following works:
1. The CAN Bus is built up based on detection system. A full CAN application layer protocol and a full detection information standard were formulated. Considering the system has plentiful data being transferred, a Multi-frame method is adopted to ensure all CAN points transmitting data to the supervising computer accurately and effectively.
2. Depending on the application needs, CAN points electric circuits are designed. The hardware matching and debugging of each functional module were completed.
3. The software was designed and debugged based on the hardware circuit, which made the detected position to download program to the PCB automatically, and measured in accordance with the circuit board with the order of the functional modules finished the detection tasks automatically. At the same time, the CAN communication software has been designed to achieve the data transmission on network.
引文
[1]冯渊。汽车电子控制技术[M],机械工业出版社,2001.7。
[2]邵春光。汽车电子产业春光乍现[J],中国经济时报,2003.6。
[3]汽车电子千亿赌局谁主沉浮,http://www.sjzhc.com/2004/4-7/154027-4.html,2004.4.
[4]李映。汽车电子:从喧嚣走向理性[J],中国电子报,2004.11。
[5]刘新亮,张建武等。汽车网络技术的分析研究[J],汽车技术,1997.6。
[6]皇甫鉴,范明强。现代汽车电子技术与装置[M],北京理工大学出版社,1999.1。
[7]汽车电子技术的现状及发展,http://www.mhedu.sh.cn/～mmh2ztwl/sy_web/qczdwl/qcwl_html/qcdzjsh.htm。
[8]中国汽车电子产业:现状分析与发展政策,http://www.chinainfo.gov.cn/da ta/200410/1_20041019_92672.html,2004.10。
[9]赵悦,沈青松,佟玉军。电路板的检测技术[J],辽宁工学院学报,2003,23(2):19-20。
[10]张乃红。我国PCB测试技术现状[N],中国电子报,2004-09-03(12)。
[11]宋芳,刘贺平。一种电路板自动检测系统的设计与实现[J],微计算机信息,2004,6(6):21-22。
[12]李正军。现场总线及其应用技术[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005.88-169。
[13]刘永木,李慧等。CAN总线系统节点模块的一种设计[J],吉林工学院学报,2002.9。
[14]沈长德,鲁照权,方敏。基于ucosⅡ的CAN总线在汽车车身控制系统中的应用[J],汽车电子世界,2004.6。
[15]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸。现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,20-153。
[16]卫星,吴晔等。CAN总线在汽车电子中的应用[J],汽车电子世界,2004.12。
[17]梁毓明,张振利,汪锋锁。基于P89C668单片机的CAN总线接口设计[J],机电设备,2005,22(2):21-25。
[18]刘永木,李慧等。CAN总线系统节点模块的一种设计[J],吉林工学院学报,2002.9。
[19]Peter Hank.Application Note-SJA1000-Stand-alone CAN controller AN97076[Z].Philips Electronics N.V.,2000.
[20]Saeeial Sureerat,Matoshi Saeki.Integration of Software Analysis & Design Methods with Formal Description Techniques.IEEE,1999.8.
[21]Larsen P G,Fitzgerald J and Brookes T.Applying Formal Specification in Industry[J].IEEE Software,1996,13(7):48-56.
[22]Clarke E and Wing J.Formal Methods:State of The Art and Future Directions[J].CMU Computer science technical report CMU-CS-96-178,1996,1-22.
[23]Austin S,Parkin G I.Benefits,Limitations and Barriers to Formal Methods.Technical Report,Division of Information Technology and Computing,UK:National Physical Lab,1993.1-34.
[24]谷健,田延军,史文,张晓黎。集成电路测试技术与应用[J],中国惯性技术学报。
[25]王勇佳,达力,沈铎。一种专用集成电路测试系统[J],杭州电子工业学院学报,1999.9,19(3)。
[26]邬宽明。CAN总线原理和应用系统设计[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1996。
[27]李直,黄河。CAN总线在汽车电动车窗和集控门锁系统中的应用[J],微计算机应用,2002.9。
[28]王瑞福。单片机测控系统大全[M]北京航空航天大学出版社,北京,1995。
[29]陈光东,赵性初。单片微型计算机原理与接口技术[M],华中理工大学出版社,武汉,1993。
[30]王远。模拟电子技术[M],机械工业出版社,1993。
[31]川于英民。计算机接口技术[M],电子工业出版社,1996。
[32]梁恩主。Protel 99 SE电路设计与仿真应用[M],清华大学出版社,2000。
[33]郑君里。信号与系统[M],高等教育出版社,2000。
[34]诸邦田。电子线路抗干扰技术手册[M],北京科学技术出版社,1988.
[35]王玲,任恭海,高德远。一种专用集成电路功能测试仪的设计与实现[J],西北工业大学学报1997.11,15(4)。
[36]Kenneth C.Louden。编译原理及实践[M],冯博琴、冯岚等译。机械工业出版社,2000年。
[37]武锋,陈新建。PIC单片机C语言开发入门[M],北京航空航天大学出版社,北京,2005。
[38]吕映芝,张素琴等。编译原理[M],清华大学出版社,1998。
[39]蒋立源,康慕宁。编译原理[M],西安:西北工业大学出版社,1999。
[40]张幸儿。计算机编译原理[M],科学出版社,1999。
[41]姜文清。编译技术原理[M],国防工业出版社,1994。
[42]陈火旺,刘春林。程序设计语言编译原理[M],北京:国防工业出版社,2000。
[43]斯传根。编译设计与开发技术[M],清华大学出版社,2003.12。
[44]张丽楠。智能电话购物系统流程语言编译器及编辑器的设计与实现[D],硕士学位论文,东北大学,2002。
[45]李仕涌,等。多任务操作系统在嵌入式系统开发中的应用[J],北方交通大学学报,2002,26(4)。
[2]邵春光。汽车电子产业春光乍现[J],中国经济时报,2003.6。
[3]汽车电子千亿赌局谁主沉浮,http://www.sjzhc.com/2004/4-7/154027-4.html,2004.4.
[4]李映。汽车电子:从喧嚣走向理性[J],中国电子报,2004.11。
[5]刘新亮,张建武等。汽车网络技术的分析研究[J],汽车技术,1997.6。
[6]皇甫鉴,范明强。现代汽车电子技术与装置[M],北京理工大学出版社,1999.1。
[7]汽车电子技术的现状及发展,http://www.mhedu.sh.cn/～mmh2ztwl/sy_web/qczdwl/qcwl_html/qcdzjsh.htm。
[8]中国汽车电子产业:现状分析与发展政策,http://www.chinainfo.gov.cn/da ta/200410/1_20041019_92672.html,2004.10。
[9]赵悦,沈青松,佟玉军。电路板的检测技术[J],辽宁工学院学报,2003,23(2):19-20。
[10]张乃红。我国PCB测试技术现状[N],中国电子报,2004-09-03(12)。
[11]宋芳,刘贺平。一种电路板自动检测系统的设计与实现[J],微计算机信息,2004,6(6):21-22。
[12]李正军。现场总线及其应用技术[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005.88-169。
[13]刘永木,李慧等。CAN总线系统节点模块的一种设计[J],吉林工学院学报,2002.9。
[14]沈长德,鲁照权,方敏。基于ucosⅡ的CAN总线在汽车车身控制系统中的应用[J],汽车电子世界,2004.6。
[15]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸。现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,20-153。
[16]卫星,吴晔等。CAN总线在汽车电子中的应用[J],汽车电子世界,2004.12。
[17]梁毓明,张振利,汪锋锁。基于P89C668单片机的CAN总线接口设计[J],机电设备,2005,22(2):21-25。
[18]刘永木,李慧等。CAN总线系统节点模块的一种设计[J],吉林工学院学报,2002.9。
[19]Peter Hank.Application Note-SJA1000-Stand-alone CAN controller AN97076[Z].Philips Electronics N.V.,2000.
[20]Saeeial Sureerat,Matoshi Saeki.Integration of Software Analysis & Design Methods with Formal Description Techniques.IEEE,1999.8.
[21]Larsen P G,Fitzgerald J and Brookes T.Applying Formal Specification in Industry[J].IEEE Software,1996,13(7):48-56.
[22]Clarke E and Wing J.Formal Methods:State of The Art and Future Directions[J].CMU Computer science technical report CMU-CS-96-178,1996,1-22.
[23]Austin S,Parkin G I.Benefits,Limitations and Barriers to Formal Methods.Technical Report,Division of Information Technology and Computing,UK:National Physical Lab,1993.1-34.
[24]谷健,田延军,史文,张晓黎。集成电路测试技术与应用[J],中国惯性技术学报。
[25]王勇佳,达力,沈铎。一种专用集成电路测试系统[J],杭州电子工业学院学报,1999.9,19(3)。
[26]邬宽明。CAN总线原理和应用系统设计[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1996。
[27]李直,黄河。CAN总线在汽车电动车窗和集控门锁系统中的应用[J],微计算机应用,2002.9。
[28]王瑞福。单片机测控系统大全[M]北京航空航天大学出版社,北京,1995。
[29]陈光东,赵性初。单片微型计算机原理与接口技术[M],华中理工大学出版社,武汉,1993。
[30]王远。模拟电子技术[M],机械工业出版社,1993。
[31]川于英民。计算机接口技术[M],电子工业出版社,1996。
[32]梁恩主。Protel 99 SE电路设计与仿真应用[M],清华大学出版社,2000。
[33]郑君里。信号与系统[M],高等教育出版社,2000。
[34]诸邦田。电子线路抗干扰技术手册[M],北京科学技术出版社,1988.
[35]王玲,任恭海,高德远。一种专用集成电路功能测试仪的设计与实现[J],西北工业大学学报1997.11,15(4)。
[36]Kenneth C.Louden。编译原理及实践[M],冯博琴、冯岚等译。机械工业出版社,2000年。
[37]武锋,陈新建。PIC单片机C语言开发入门[M],北京航空航天大学出版社,北京,2005。
[38]吕映芝,张素琴等。编译原理[M],清华大学出版社,1998。
[39]蒋立源,康慕宁。编译原理[M],西安:西北工业大学出版社,1999。
[40]张幸儿。计算机编译原理[M],科学出版社,1999。
[41]姜文清。编译技术原理[M],国防工业出版社,1994。
[42]陈火旺,刘春林。程序设计语言编译原理[M],北京:国防工业出版社,2000。
[43]斯传根。编译设计与开发技术[M],清华大学出版社,2003.12。
[44]张丽楠。智能电话购物系统流程语言编译器及编辑器的设计与实现[D],硕士学位论文,东北大学,2002。
[45]李仕涌,等。多任务操作系统在嵌入式系统开发中的应用[J],北方交通大学学报,2002,26(4)。