新型液体除湿蒸发冷却空调系统的设计与模拟研究
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摘要
随着社会的发展,人民生产、生活水平的提高,空调产品逐步进入千家万户。同时,传统的蒸汽压缩式制冷空调存在着能耗大、工质破坏臭氧层等问题,日益引起了人们的重视。作为常规压缩式制冷空调系统的强有力竞争者和替代者,液体除湿空调系统是一种对大气污染小、耗电少,可以利用各种低品位能源驱动的新型空调系统。
在总结和借鉴前人研究的基础上,本文建立了一套改进的液体除湿蒸发冷却空调系统。在该系统中,环境空气作为新风进入除湿器与除湿溶液接触时被除去部分的水分;干燥的空气再通过蒸发冷却子系统处理,降低温度后送入空调房间达到对室内降温、调湿的目的;吸湿后的除湿溶液被喷入再生塔,在热源作用下再生,这样溶液就可以循环利用。
本文用数值模拟的方法对建立的液体除湿空调系统进行研究。系统由若干子部件组成,每个子部件均用较成熟的数学模型进行模拟,然后将得到的子程序耦合起来形成一个完整的程序。应用这个程序对系统进行数值模拟研究,并且运用热力学第一、第二定律对比分析再生塔入口溶液温度、除湿塔中干空气与溶质的质量流量比、再生塔中干空气与溶质的质量流量比、大气温度与相对湿度这五个关键参数对于系统送风温度、送风含湿量、制冷量、系统性能系数、冷量火用、火用效率的影响。研究得出的规律为以后的系统优化设计打下了较好的基础。
Air-conditioners are more and more widely used in the social production and daily life as the development of society. At the same time, the conventional mechanical compression refrigeration system’s two big problems have attracted the attentions of investigators. One of the main disadvantages of that system is that it uses very large amount of electrical energy and the other is that the system’s working substance can pollute the environment. As the competitor and replacer of the conventional mechanical compression refrigeration system, the liquid desiccant air-conditioning system is energy saving and harmless for the environment. It can be driven by low grade energies, such as waste heat and solar energy.
In this work, a novel energy efficient air-conditioning system utilizing liquid desiccant is introduced, after the author sums up the previous researches. At first, fresh air from the atmosphere is dehumidified by direct contact with strong liquid desiccant in the dehumidifier; after being cooled by the evaporative cooling sub-system the process air is blown into the air-conditioning space. The dilute solution is re-concentrated in the regenerator by the effect of heat energy, so the strong liquid desiccant solution can be produced uninterruptedly.
The paper presents the application of numerical simulation method to study the proposed liquid desiccant air-conditioning system. And this system is composed of several sub-units; each of them is simulated by the mathematical model for building computer programs. These programs are linked to form an integrated C program simulator. Based on the simulation of the liquid desiccant system, this paper applies the first and second law of thermodynamics to research the effects of five key parameters on the performances of the proposed system, such as the supply air temperature and humidity, the cooling capacity and COP, the exergy of cooling capacity and exergy efficiency. These parameters are the inlet solution temperature in regenerator, the air-to-dehydrated desiccant mass flow rate ratios in dehumidifier and regenerator, ambient air temperature and relative humidity.
在总结和借鉴前人研究的基础上,本文建立了一套改进的液体除湿蒸发冷却空调系统。在该系统中,环境空气作为新风进入除湿器与除湿溶液接触时被除去部分的水分;干燥的空气再通过蒸发冷却子系统处理,降低温度后送入空调房间达到对室内降温、调湿的目的;吸湿后的除湿溶液被喷入再生塔,在热源作用下再生,这样溶液就可以循环利用。
本文用数值模拟的方法对建立的液体除湿空调系统进行研究。系统由若干子部件组成,每个子部件均用较成熟的数学模型进行模拟,然后将得到的子程序耦合起来形成一个完整的程序。应用这个程序对系统进行数值模拟研究,并且运用热力学第一、第二定律对比分析再生塔入口溶液温度、除湿塔中干空气与溶质的质量流量比、再生塔中干空气与溶质的质量流量比、大气温度与相对湿度这五个关键参数对于系统送风温度、送风含湿量、制冷量、系统性能系数、冷量火用、火用效率的影响。研究得出的规律为以后的系统优化设计打下了较好的基础。
Air-conditioners are more and more widely used in the social production and daily life as the development of society. At the same time, the conventional mechanical compression refrigeration system’s two big problems have attracted the attentions of investigators. One of the main disadvantages of that system is that it uses very large amount of electrical energy and the other is that the system’s working substance can pollute the environment. As the competitor and replacer of the conventional mechanical compression refrigeration system, the liquid desiccant air-conditioning system is energy saving and harmless for the environment. It can be driven by low grade energies, such as waste heat and solar energy.
In this work, a novel energy efficient air-conditioning system utilizing liquid desiccant is introduced, after the author sums up the previous researches. At first, fresh air from the atmosphere is dehumidified by direct contact with strong liquid desiccant in the dehumidifier; after being cooled by the evaporative cooling sub-system the process air is blown into the air-conditioning space. The dilute solution is re-concentrated in the regenerator by the effect of heat energy, so the strong liquid desiccant solution can be produced uninterruptedly.
The paper presents the application of numerical simulation method to study the proposed liquid desiccant air-conditioning system. And this system is composed of several sub-units; each of them is simulated by the mathematical model for building computer programs. These programs are linked to form an integrated C program simulator. Based on the simulation of the liquid desiccant system, this paper applies the first and second law of thermodynamics to research the effects of five key parameters on the performances of the proposed system, such as the supply air temperature and humidity, the cooling capacity and COP, the exergy of cooling capacity and exergy efficiency. These parameters are the inlet solution temperature in regenerator, the air-to-dehydrated desiccant mass flow rate ratios in dehumidifier and regenerator, ambient air temperature and relative humidity.
引文
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[3] Ameel.T.A, Gee K.G, Wood B.D. Performance Predictions of Alternative Absorbents for Open-cycle Absorption Solar Cooling. Solar Energy, 1995, 54(2): 65-73
[4] Sanjeev Jain, P.L.Dhar, S.C.Kaushik. Experimental studies on the dehumidifier and regenerator of a liquid desiccant cooling system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2000,
[5] H.M.Hellmann, G.Grossman. Simulation and analysis of an open-cycle dehumidifier-evaporator-regenerator (DER) absorption chiller for low-grade heat utilization. International Journal of Refrigeration, 1995, 18(3): 177-189
[6] J.P.Pohl, H.-M.Hellmann, G.Grossman. Investigation and comparison of two configurations of a novel open-cycle absorption chiller. International Journal of Refrigeration, 1998, 21(2): 142-149 [7] K.Gommed, G.Grossman, F.Ziegler. Experimental Investigation of a LiCl-Water Open Absorption System for Cooling and Dehumidification. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 2004, 126: 710-715 [8] K.Gommed, G.Grossman. A Liquid Desiccant System for Solar Cooling and Dehumidification. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 2004, 126: 879-885
[9] K. Gommed, G. Grossman. Experimental investigation of a liquid desiccant system for solar cooling and dehumidification. Solar Energy, 2007, 81: 131-138
[10] GOG.L?f. Cooling with solar energy. In: Congress on solar energy, Tucson, Arizona, 1955, 171-89 Journal of Ener
[11] D.Pietruschka, U.Eicker, M.Huber, J.Schumacher. Experimental performance analysis and modeling of liquid desiccant cooling systems for air conditioning in residential buildings. Internationaigeration, 2006, 29: 110-124
[12] W.Kessling, E.Laevemann, C.Kapfhammer. Energy storage for desiccant cooling systems component development. Solar Ene, 1998, 64(4-6): 209-221
[13] Y.K.Yadav. Vapor-compression and liquid-desiccant hybrid solar hi. Proposed energy-efficient A.A.Kinsara, O.M.Al-Rabghi, M.M.Elsayed. Parametric study of an 2001, 21(12):1185-1202 applied in a demonstration building. Energy and Buildings, l Journal of Refrrgyspace-conditioning system for energy conservation. Renewable Energy, 1995, 6(7): 719-723
[14] A.A.Kinsara, M.M.Elsayed, O.M.Al-Rabgair-conditioning system using liquid desiccant. Applied Thermal Engineering, 1996, 16: 791-806
[15] energy-efficient air-conditioning system using liquid desiccant. Applied Thermal Engineering, 1997, 18(5): 327-335
[16] Y.J.Dai, R.Z.Wang, H.F.Zhang, J.D.Yu. Use of liquid desiccant cooling to improve the performance of vapor compression air conditioning. Applied Thermal Engineering,
[17] Q.Ma, R.Z.Wang, Y.J.Dai, X.Q.Zhai. Performance analysis on a hybrid air-conditioning system of a green building. Energy and Buildings, 2006, 38(5): 447-453
[18] C.S.Khalid Ahmed, P.Gandhidasan, A.A.Al-Farayedhi. Simulation of a hybrid liquid desiccant based air-conditioning system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 1997, 17: 125-134
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