液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统研究
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摘要
节能减排技术是工程机械领域一个重要的研究方向,本文以23t液压挖掘机为研究对象,以蓄能器作为能量存储单元,提出了一种主/辅动力源流量直接耦合式的液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统,以改善挖掘机的燃油性和排放性,分析了影响系统势能回收利用的主要参数,建立了工作装置动力学模型和液压系统数学模型。基于主泵负载及储能装置压力状态,提出了一种液压挖掘机的差动能量回收与能量释放控制策略,仿真结果表明,具有势能回收系统的液压挖掘机其能量利用率得到了显著提高,且系统的动力性和操作性基本不受影响,也体现了势能回收系统研究的重要性和良好的应用前景。论文主要可分为以下几部分：
(1)绪论。首先介绍了液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统的研究背景和研究意义,并阐述了液压挖掘机节能技术国内外的研究现状,针对现有研究的不足引入本论文的内容和重点。
(2)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统结构研究。比较分析不同方案的节能性和经济性,确定系统方案并设计液压原理图。根据液压挖掘机系统参数,对液压系统元件进行选型与参数匹配,充分发挥各部件性能,提高系统效率。
(3)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统建模研究。基于复合恒功率-负流量控制液压挖掘机结构特点和工作性能,在Matlab/Simulink中建立工作装置动力学模型和液压系统仿真模型,为继续研究系统控制策略奠定了良好的基础。
(4)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统控制策略研究。以系统节能为优化目标,分析了影响系统势能回收效率的关键控制参数,提出了一种基于主辅动力源出口压力的差动能量回收控制策略。仿真试验研究表明,具有势能回收系统的液压挖掘机提高了系统能量利用效率,且不影响系统动力性能和操作性能,同时也验证了控制策略的可行性。
(5)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统实验平台设计。设计了实验平台液压系统,并阐述了实验平台的系统功能、工作原理、结构布局和实验平台的结构设计情况,为进一步深入研究提供了良好试验平台。
To improve fuel economy as well as environmental performance of 23t traditional excavators, a scheme of boom potential energy recovery was proposed, considered energy saving technology as an important field of mechanical engineering research. The main design parameters of working equipment potential energy recovery were analyzed, and the virtual prototyping and the mathematic models of hydraulic components were established. Based on the approach that flow distribution is derived from the outlet differential pressure between main power source and auxiliary, an applicable control strategy of the hydraulic excavator was employed to satisfy the load power requirements, which took into concern of the recovery and reuse of working equipment potential energy. The simulation results manifested that the raise of energy utilization ratio was noticeable, while the operating and power performances were preserved. What's more, the importance and a good prospect of the system were reflected. The paper was divided into the following sections:
(1) The research background and significance of the potential energy recovery system in hydraulic excavators were introduced. And based on the present study, the content and key points of this paper were drawed.
(2) Comparatively analyzed the energy savings and economics among different options, the system was determined and designed, meanwhile, system components were selected and matched to full play the performance and improve the efficiency.
(3) Based on the comprehensive constant-power and negative-flow control performance, the mathematic models of working devices and hydraulic components were built, which laid a good foundation for the further study of control strategy.
(4) According to the key control parameters, an applicable control strategy of the hydraulic excavator was employed to optimize the energy efficiency, approaching that flow distribution is derived from the outlet differential pressure between main power source and auxiliary. The simulation results manifested that the raise of energy utilization ratio was noticeable, while the operating and dynamic performances were preserved, which verify the feasibility of the control strategy.
(5) The hydraulic system of test bench was designed, meanwhile, the system function, working principle, structure and layout were described, providing a good foundation for the (?)ther study.
(1)绪论。首先介绍了液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统的研究背景和研究意义,并阐述了液压挖掘机节能技术国内外的研究现状,针对现有研究的不足引入本论文的内容和重点。
(2)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统结构研究。比较分析不同方案的节能性和经济性,确定系统方案并设计液压原理图。根据液压挖掘机系统参数,对液压系统元件进行选型与参数匹配,充分发挥各部件性能,提高系统效率。
(3)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统建模研究。基于复合恒功率-负流量控制液压挖掘机结构特点和工作性能,在Matlab/Simulink中建立工作装置动力学模型和液压系统仿真模型,为继续研究系统控制策略奠定了良好的基础。
(4)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统控制策略研究。以系统节能为优化目标,分析了影响系统势能回收效率的关键控制参数,提出了一种基于主辅动力源出口压力的差动能量回收控制策略。仿真试验研究表明,具有势能回收系统的液压挖掘机提高了系统能量利用效率,且不影响系统动力性能和操作性能,同时也验证了控制策略的可行性。
(5)液压挖掘机工作装置势能回收系统实验平台设计。设计了实验平台液压系统,并阐述了实验平台的系统功能、工作原理、结构布局和实验平台的结构设计情况,为进一步深入研究提供了良好试验平台。
To improve fuel economy as well as environmental performance of 23t traditional excavators, a scheme of boom potential energy recovery was proposed, considered energy saving technology as an important field of mechanical engineering research. The main design parameters of working equipment potential energy recovery were analyzed, and the virtual prototyping and the mathematic models of hydraulic components were established. Based on the approach that flow distribution is derived from the outlet differential pressure between main power source and auxiliary, an applicable control strategy of the hydraulic excavator was employed to satisfy the load power requirements, which took into concern of the recovery and reuse of working equipment potential energy. The simulation results manifested that the raise of energy utilization ratio was noticeable, while the operating and power performances were preserved. What's more, the importance and a good prospect of the system were reflected. The paper was divided into the following sections:
(1) The research background and significance of the potential energy recovery system in hydraulic excavators were introduced. And based on the present study, the content and key points of this paper were drawed.
(2) Comparatively analyzed the energy savings and economics among different options, the system was determined and designed, meanwhile, system components were selected and matched to full play the performance and improve the efficiency.
(3) Based on the comprehensive constant-power and negative-flow control performance, the mathematic models of working devices and hydraulic components were built, which laid a good foundation for the further study of control strategy.
(4) According to the key control parameters, an applicable control strategy of the hydraulic excavator was employed to optimize the energy efficiency, approaching that flow distribution is derived from the outlet differential pressure between main power source and auxiliary. The simulation results manifested that the raise of energy utilization ratio was noticeable, while the operating and dynamic performances were preserved, which verify the feasibility of the control strategy.
(5) The hydraulic system of test bench was designed, meanwhile, the system function, working principle, structure and layout were described, providing a good foundation for the (?)ther study.
引文
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