面向产品方案的形式化设计关键技术研究
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摘要
针对产品方案设计中设计信息抽象性、模糊性和层次性等特点,提出了面向产品方案的形式化设计理论和方法,对运动方案设计、装配方案设计、配置方案设计以及设计方案重用中的关键技术进行了深入研究,并结合实际应用项目将上述理论应用于实际产品开发中,取得了较好的效果,证明了作者所提设计理论的正确性和先进性。
论文的主要工作包括:
第一章综述了产品方案设计发展历史和现状,指出了产品方案形式化设计的必然性。阐述了产品方案形式化设计理论的主要思想和研究背景。
第二章提出了产品方案形式化设计的基本原理。分析了不同方案设计类型的形式化设计步骤。给出了产品方案形式化设计的语言和和演绎方法。
第三章提出了运动功能到机构映射、机构映射到机构组合的层次运动方案设计模型。运动功能层利用字符符号实现了运动方案设计过程和复杂机构运动关系的抽象表达,机构映射层通过运动功能到机构和运动关系到机构组合关系两个映射过程实现了字符符号到机构框架符号,以及机构框架符号到机构装配单元符号的演变,机构组合层通过机构装配单元符号组合实现了运动方案设计结果的直观表达。
第四章提出了产品装配方案的形式化设计方法。在功能分类的基础上,通过功能到装配语义,装配语义到装配约束的形式化演绎(映射)方法,实现了功能到装配约束关系的映射。在此基础上,利用装配单元符号的组合演绎方法生成装配草图。
第五章提出了产品配置方案的形式化设计方法。研究了模板符号和节点符号的组成、性质和相互关系,提出了基于模板符号的配置优化设计过程模型。研究了基于模板符号的变量化设计。分析了产品版本演化与模板符号演变之间的关系。
第六章提出了设计方案重用方法。通过建立方案树节点“与/或”关系运算规则实现了方案设计过程的形式化和设计结果的形式化。由于形式化的方案设计结果不仅表达了方案设计的原理解,而且包含了方案设计的过程信息,因此较好地实现了对已有设计方案的多层次重用。
第七章以产品方案形式化设计理论和方法为核心开发了DDM系统和GEMC系统,从应用上证明了作者提出的形式化设计理论的正确性和可行性。介绍了DDM系统和GEMC系统的体系结构、功能和特点。
第八章总结了本文的主要研究内容和成果,并给出了今后的研究方向。
This dissertation presents a new theory and method of formal scheme design based on the characters of design information, such as abstraction, fuzziness and hierarchy. The emphases in the dissertation are the key technologies in motion scheme design, assembly scheme design, configuration design and scheme reusing. The successful applications in several research projects have proved the utility, flexibility and power of the theory, method and software proposed in the dissertation.The main work of the dissertation is as follows:Chapter 1 gives a review and history of the development situation of product scheme design, analyzes the inevitability of formal scheme design. The background and contents of formal scheme design are also proposed particularly.Chapter 2 puts forward several basic principles for formal scheme design, analyzes the formal design steps for diffent kinds of product schemes, and proposes design language and deduction methods for formal scheme design.Chapter 3 puts forward a hierarchical formal model for motion scheme design. The model is composed of three levels, namely motion function, mechanism mapping and mechanism combination. The level of motion function realizes the abstraction expression of design process and complex motion relationship by character symbols. The level of mechanism mapping realizes the evolution from character symbols to mechanism symbols, and from mechanism symbols to assembly symbols by the mapping of motion function to mechanism and the mapping of motion relationship to mechanism combination. The level of mechanism combination realizes the visualization of motion scheme by the combination of assembly symbols.Chapter 4 puts forward a formal method for assembly scheme design. To obtain assembly constraints from functions automatically, the dissertation puts forward a mapping method from function to assembly semantics, and assembly semantics to assembly constraint. Assembly semantics is assembly expression that accordant with engineer's design habit. The mapping method includes two steps: one is the mapping from function to assembly semantics; the other is the mapping from assembly semantics to basic assembly constraints that easy to handle with computer. The assembly sketch is obtained by the combination of assembly symbols.Chapter 5 puts forward a formal method of configuration design. The composition, attribute and relationship of template symbol and node symbol are researched, and an optimization model of configuration design based on template symbol is put forward. A variable design method based on template symbol is researched. The relationship of product version evolution and template symbol evolution is analyzed.
论文的主要工作包括:
第一章综述了产品方案设计发展历史和现状,指出了产品方案形式化设计的必然性。阐述了产品方案形式化设计理论的主要思想和研究背景。
第二章提出了产品方案形式化设计的基本原理。分析了不同方案设计类型的形式化设计步骤。给出了产品方案形式化设计的语言和和演绎方法。
第三章提出了运动功能到机构映射、机构映射到机构组合的层次运动方案设计模型。运动功能层利用字符符号实现了运动方案设计过程和复杂机构运动关系的抽象表达,机构映射层通过运动功能到机构和运动关系到机构组合关系两个映射过程实现了字符符号到机构框架符号,以及机构框架符号到机构装配单元符号的演变,机构组合层通过机构装配单元符号组合实现了运动方案设计结果的直观表达。
第四章提出了产品装配方案的形式化设计方法。在功能分类的基础上,通过功能到装配语义,装配语义到装配约束的形式化演绎(映射)方法,实现了功能到装配约束关系的映射。在此基础上,利用装配单元符号的组合演绎方法生成装配草图。
第五章提出了产品配置方案的形式化设计方法。研究了模板符号和节点符号的组成、性质和相互关系,提出了基于模板符号的配置优化设计过程模型。研究了基于模板符号的变量化设计。分析了产品版本演化与模板符号演变之间的关系。
第六章提出了设计方案重用方法。通过建立方案树节点“与/或”关系运算规则实现了方案设计过程的形式化和设计结果的形式化。由于形式化的方案设计结果不仅表达了方案设计的原理解,而且包含了方案设计的过程信息,因此较好地实现了对已有设计方案的多层次重用。
第七章以产品方案形式化设计理论和方法为核心开发了DDM系统和GEMC系统,从应用上证明了作者提出的形式化设计理论的正确性和可行性。介绍了DDM系统和GEMC系统的体系结构、功能和特点。
第八章总结了本文的主要研究内容和成果,并给出了今后的研究方向。
This dissertation presents a new theory and method of formal scheme design based on the characters of design information, such as abstraction, fuzziness and hierarchy. The emphases in the dissertation are the key technologies in motion scheme design, assembly scheme design, configuration design and scheme reusing. The successful applications in several research projects have proved the utility, flexibility and power of the theory, method and software proposed in the dissertation.The main work of the dissertation is as follows:Chapter 1 gives a review and history of the development situation of product scheme design, analyzes the inevitability of formal scheme design. The background and contents of formal scheme design are also proposed particularly.Chapter 2 puts forward several basic principles for formal scheme design, analyzes the formal design steps for diffent kinds of product schemes, and proposes design language and deduction methods for formal scheme design.Chapter 3 puts forward a hierarchical formal model for motion scheme design. The model is composed of three levels, namely motion function, mechanism mapping and mechanism combination. The level of motion function realizes the abstraction expression of design process and complex motion relationship by character symbols. The level of mechanism mapping realizes the evolution from character symbols to mechanism symbols, and from mechanism symbols to assembly symbols by the mapping of motion function to mechanism and the mapping of motion relationship to mechanism combination. The level of mechanism combination realizes the visualization of motion scheme by the combination of assembly symbols.Chapter 4 puts forward a formal method for assembly scheme design. To obtain assembly constraints from functions automatically, the dissertation puts forward a mapping method from function to assembly semantics, and assembly semantics to assembly constraint. Assembly semantics is assembly expression that accordant with engineer's design habit. The mapping method includes two steps: one is the mapping from function to assembly semantics; the other is the mapping from assembly semantics to basic assembly constraints that easy to handle with computer. The assembly sketch is obtained by the combination of assembly symbols.Chapter 5 puts forward a formal method of configuration design. The composition, attribute and relationship of template symbol and node symbol are researched, and an optimization model of configuration design based on template symbol is put forward. A variable design method based on template symbol is researched. The relationship of product version evolution and template symbol evolution is analyzed.
引文
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