紫金大桥施工监控及关键技术研究
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摘要
斜拉桥是高次超静定结构,它对成桥线形有较严格的要求,每个节点坐标的变化都会影响结构内力的分配。桥梁线形一旦偏离设计值,将导致内力偏离设计值。所以必须严格控制斜拉桥的施工过程,以保证合理的成桥线形及索力。本文以浙江丽水紫金大桥为工程背景,进行了全过程监控;同时以神经网络技术为基础,对影响斜拉桥线形的各种参数进行参数的识别及主梁标高的预测,主要完成以下几项内容:
1.详细制定了施工监控内容及方案,以此来合理、安全的指导施工全过程;
2.对承台及下横梁大体积混凝土水化热进行监控并采取了相应的措施防止发生温度裂缝;
3.在索塔施工中,采用横向钢管主动支撑法对中塔柱塔脚处的应力进行控制,保证了索塔施工的顺利完成;
4.运用神经网络BP算法对主梁的混凝土弹性模量和容重进行实时识别,并通过实测值验证了其可靠性,利用此算法对后续施工进行了相应的预测;
5.制定合拢方案并对成桥线形及索力进行调整。
Cable-stayed bridge is high hyperstatic structure having stringent requirements on the Linear of bridge.The change of coordinates of each node can affect the distribution of structure's internal forces. Once the Linear of bridge deviates from the design value, internal forces will deviate too.Therefore, we must strictly control the construction process of the cable-stayed bridge in order to ensure a reasonable linear of bridge. In this paper, Zijin Lishui Bridge is used for example and execute the entire monitoring of the cable-stayed bridge's construction. At the same time, based on neural network technology, express various parameters of impact the linear of cable-stayed bridge, and identificate each parameter, forecast the main beam elevation. The main contents are as follows:
1. Formulate the content and program of construction monitoring elaboratly,as a means of guiding the entire process of construction reasonably and safly,
2. Monitor the heat of hydration of mass concrete of the cap and the under-beam, and corresponding measures have been taken to prevent the occurrence of temperature cracking,
3. In the construction of the tower ,control the stresses of foot tower in the mid-tower using the means of horizontal steel'support,
4. Insure real-time identification of the concrete elastic modulus and density of main beam by BP neural network algorithm, and verify its reliability through the measured values,and forecast the follow-up construction using this algorithm,
5. Formulate the close up the program and adjust the linear and the cable force of the builted bridge.
1.详细制定了施工监控内容及方案,以此来合理、安全的指导施工全过程;
2.对承台及下横梁大体积混凝土水化热进行监控并采取了相应的措施防止发生温度裂缝;
3.在索塔施工中,采用横向钢管主动支撑法对中塔柱塔脚处的应力进行控制,保证了索塔施工的顺利完成;
4.运用神经网络BP算法对主梁的混凝土弹性模量和容重进行实时识别,并通过实测值验证了其可靠性,利用此算法对后续施工进行了相应的预测;
5.制定合拢方案并对成桥线形及索力进行调整。
Cable-stayed bridge is high hyperstatic structure having stringent requirements on the Linear of bridge.The change of coordinates of each node can affect the distribution of structure's internal forces. Once the Linear of bridge deviates from the design value, internal forces will deviate too.Therefore, we must strictly control the construction process of the cable-stayed bridge in order to ensure a reasonable linear of bridge. In this paper, Zijin Lishui Bridge is used for example and execute the entire monitoring of the cable-stayed bridge's construction. At the same time, based on neural network technology, express various parameters of impact the linear of cable-stayed bridge, and identificate each parameter, forecast the main beam elevation. The main contents are as follows:
1. Formulate the content and program of construction monitoring elaboratly,as a means of guiding the entire process of construction reasonably and safly,
2. Monitor the heat of hydration of mass concrete of the cap and the under-beam, and corresponding measures have been taken to prevent the occurrence of temperature cracking,
3. In the construction of the tower ,control the stresses of foot tower in the mid-tower using the means of horizontal steel'support,
4. Insure real-time identification of the concrete elastic modulus and density of main beam by BP neural network algorithm, and verify its reliability through the measured values,and forecast the follow-up construction using this algorithm,
5. Formulate the close up the program and adjust the linear and the cable force of the builted bridge.
引文
[1]范立础.桥梁工程(下册).北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[2]林元培.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社,2004.5
[3]严国敏.现代斜拉桥.成都:西南交通大学出版社,1996
[4]董长虹.神经网络与应用.国防工业出版社,2005
[5]王红平,梁鹏.斜拉桥施工控制研究现状与展望.大众科技,2006,7(1):24-25
[6]黄张裕,冯良平.大型斜拉桥施工控制方法研究.第二届全国交通工程测量学术研讨
[7]何雨微.大跨度斜拉桥施工监测监控体系研究.武汉理工大学硕士研究生论文,2004
[8]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术.北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[9]顾安邦,张永水.桥梁施工监测与控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[10]高竣.人工神经网络原理及仿真实例.机械工业出版社,2005
[11]吴栋材,谢建纲等.大型斜拉桥施工测量.北京:测绘出版社,1996
[12]邓水源.大跨度斜拉桥施工控制的分析研究.合肥工业大学,硕士研究生论文,2000
[13]阎平东,张水才.人工神经网络与模拟进化计算.北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[14]昊苗.浅谈斜拉桥的发展现状及趋势.铁道建设,2004,4(1):19-23
[15]王德良,杨佳新.斜拉桥的现状与发展.黑龙江水利科技,2000,2(5);10-11
[16]陈明宪.斜拉桥建造技术.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[17]刘士林,梁智涛,候金龙,孟儿超.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[18]陈德伟,范力础,张权.独塔斜拉桥的总体布置和参数研究,1997.11
[19]丁南宏.大跨度P.C.斜拉桥施工控制.兰州铁道学院硕士学位论文,2002.5
[20]交通部重庆公路科学研究所.公路斜拉桥设计规范.(试行).北京:人民交通出版社,1996
[21]邵旭东.胡建华桥梁设计百问.(第二版).北京:人民交通出版社,2005
[22]王伯惠.斜拉桥结构发展和中国经验(上册).北京:人民交通出版社,2003.19
[23]周孟波,自明,王邦媚.斜拉桥手册.北京:人民交通出版社,2004.3
[24]郭键.预应力混凝土斜拉桥施工控制.兰州铁道学院硕士学位论文,2001.3
[25]顾安邦,张永水.桥梁施工检测与控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.9
[26]向中富编著.桥梁施工控制技术.北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[27]葛耀君编著.分段施工桥梁分析与控制.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[28]刘士林,梁智涛,侯金龙,孟凡超主编.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[29]王卫锋,韩大建.斜拉桥的索力测试及其参数识别.华南理工大学学报,2001,1
[30]李盼到.红枫湖特大桥施工监控.大连理工大学硕士论文,2004.5
[31]路桥集团第一公路工程局.公路桥涵施工技术规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2000,10
[32]项海帆.高等桥梁结构理论.北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[33]刘金秋.斜拉桥施工过程中间索力的确定及其影响因素.大连理工大学硕士论文,2004.5
[34]贾丽君,消汝城,孙斌,项海帆.确定斜拉桥施工张拉力的影响矩阵法.苏州城建环保学院学报,2000.12
[35]Park,J.I.etal.(1994).'Central system and postproceasing in erection of amposite cable-stayed bridge.'Proc.Deauville Conf.1994,Cabel-stady Bridges and Suspension Bridges.Vol.2,371-378
[36]Takuwa,I.etal.(1991).'Prestreesed coneret(PC) cable-stayed bridge constructed on an expressway-the Tomei Ashigar Bridge.'Cable-tayed bridges,Recent Developments and Their Future,Ito,M.,etal,Elsevier Science Publishers,3357-3376
[37]Sakai,Fisoe,A.,and Umeda,A.(1991)'A new methodology for control of construction accure,cy in cable-stayed bridges.'Proc.3th EASEC,Shanghai,China,1991
[38]魏红,胡世德,范力础.对斜拉桥总体设计参数的讨论.设计方法研究,2003.6
[39]Maeda K.Otsuka A,Takano H.The design and construction of the Yokohama Bay Bridge.Tokyo:Elsevier Science Publishers,1991,377-395
[40]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥.北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[41]W.Podolny Jr.&J.BSalji.Constrction.and.Design.of.Cable-Stayed Bridge,Jo hnWiley&Sons,Inc,New York.1976
[42]American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official.LRFD Bridge Design Specifi ca tions.Pirntedin the United State of Ameirca,1994
[43]M.J.NP riestley.Long Term Obserbvation of Concerte Structure:Analysis of Temperature Gradient.Canadian Jounral of Civil Engineering,Vol.11(3),1984
[44]王美.红枫湖大桥成桥后索力调整及调索顺序的优化.大连理工大学硕士论文,2005,3
[45]许东,吴铮.基于MATLAB6的系统分分析与设计神经网络.西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[46]韩力群.人工神经网络理论、设计及应用.北京:化学工业出版社,2002,1
[47]Rao S.Govindaraju.Artificial Neural Networks in Hydrology Ⅰ:Preliminary Concepts.Jounral of Hydrologic Engineering,Vol.5,No.2,April,2002:115-123.
[48]金娇,方帅,阎石等.BP网络模型的改进方法综述明.沈阳建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版),2001,17(3):197-199.
[49]Tang,M.C,Cable-stayed bridges in North America.Cable-stayed bridge,Elsevier Science Publisher,1991
[50]张志涌.精通MATLAB6.5版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,3
[51]周开利,康耀红.神经网络模型及其MATLAB仿真程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2005,7
[52]张吉礼.模糊-神经网络控制原理与工程应用.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004.6
[53]官万轶.斜拉桥施工过程的预测与控制方法研究.华南理工大学博士学位论文,2000
[54]Simon Haykin.Kalman Filtering and Neural Networks.JohnWiley&Sons,I nc,2001
[55]The Mathworks.Neural Network Toolbox for Designing and Simulating Neural Networks.http://www.mathworks.com/
[56]Howard Demuth,Mark Beale.Neural Network Toolbox For Use with MATLAB.User's Guide Version4 of MATLAB
[57]Magdalena Stasiak,Krzyszt of Siwek,Ryszard Sikora.The Combination of Principal Component Analysis with Neural Network as a Highly Eficient 3D EIT Solution.3~(rd) World Congress on Industrial Process Tomography,Banf,Canada:6 64-670
[58] Yueh-Hsiang Liao. A Statistical Patern Recognizer Employing Artificial Neural Network and Principal Component Analysis.Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from Computer Science and Engineering of University of Louisnille,December, 2001
[59] Lionel Bellevue, Paul J. Towell. Creep and Shrinkage Efects in Segmental Bridges
[60] Li Qun.The Further Generalization for Grey Forecasting Model. Journal of Mathematics for Technology, 1997,13(4):48-51
[61] Pandey PC and Barai S V.Multilayer perceptron in damage detection of bridge structures.Computers and Structures, 1995.4
[62] Barai S V and Pandey PC .Vibration signature analysis using artificial neural networks.Journal of Computingin Civil Engineering, 1995.4
[63] Worden K.Structural fault detection using a novelty measure.Joural of Sound and Vibration, 1997.1
[64] Chan THT,Ni Y Q and Ko J M.Neural network novelty for anomaly detection of Tsing Ma bridge cables.Intemational Conference on Structural Health Monitoring 2000.Pennsylvania.USA, 1999
[2]林元培.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社,2004.5
[3]严国敏.现代斜拉桥.成都:西南交通大学出版社,1996
[4]董长虹.神经网络与应用.国防工业出版社,2005
[5]王红平,梁鹏.斜拉桥施工控制研究现状与展望.大众科技,2006,7(1):24-25
[6]黄张裕,冯良平.大型斜拉桥施工控制方法研究.第二届全国交通工程测量学术研讨
[7]何雨微.大跨度斜拉桥施工监测监控体系研究.武汉理工大学硕士研究生论文,2004
[8]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术.北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[9]顾安邦,张永水.桥梁施工监测与控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[10]高竣.人工神经网络原理及仿真实例.机械工业出版社,2005
[11]吴栋材,谢建纲等.大型斜拉桥施工测量.北京:测绘出版社,1996
[12]邓水源.大跨度斜拉桥施工控制的分析研究.合肥工业大学,硕士研究生论文,2000
[13]阎平东,张水才.人工神经网络与模拟进化计算.北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[14]昊苗.浅谈斜拉桥的发展现状及趋势.铁道建设,2004,4(1):19-23
[15]王德良,杨佳新.斜拉桥的现状与发展.黑龙江水利科技,2000,2(5);10-11
[16]陈明宪.斜拉桥建造技术.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[17]刘士林,梁智涛,候金龙,孟儿超.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[18]陈德伟,范力础,张权.独塔斜拉桥的总体布置和参数研究,1997.11
[19]丁南宏.大跨度P.C.斜拉桥施工控制.兰州铁道学院硕士学位论文,2002.5
[20]交通部重庆公路科学研究所.公路斜拉桥设计规范.(试行).北京:人民交通出版社,1996
[21]邵旭东.胡建华桥梁设计百问.(第二版).北京:人民交通出版社,2005
[22]王伯惠.斜拉桥结构发展和中国经验(上册).北京:人民交通出版社,2003.19
[23]周孟波,自明,王邦媚.斜拉桥手册.北京:人民交通出版社,2004.3
[24]郭键.预应力混凝土斜拉桥施工控制.兰州铁道学院硕士学位论文,2001.3
[25]顾安邦,张永水.桥梁施工检测与控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.9
[26]向中富编著.桥梁施工控制技术.北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[27]葛耀君编著.分段施工桥梁分析与控制.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[28]刘士林,梁智涛,侯金龙,孟凡超主编.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[29]王卫锋,韩大建.斜拉桥的索力测试及其参数识别.华南理工大学学报,2001,1
[30]李盼到.红枫湖特大桥施工监控.大连理工大学硕士论文,2004.5
[31]路桥集团第一公路工程局.公路桥涵施工技术规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2000,10
[32]项海帆.高等桥梁结构理论.北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[33]刘金秋.斜拉桥施工过程中间索力的确定及其影响因素.大连理工大学硕士论文,2004.5
[34]贾丽君,消汝城,孙斌,项海帆.确定斜拉桥施工张拉力的影响矩阵法.苏州城建环保学院学报,2000.12
[35]Park,J.I.etal.(1994).'Central system and postproceasing in erection of amposite cable-stayed bridge.'Proc.Deauville Conf.1994,Cabel-stady Bridges and Suspension Bridges.Vol.2,371-378
[36]Takuwa,I.etal.(1991).'Prestreesed coneret(PC) cable-stayed bridge constructed on an expressway-the Tomei Ashigar Bridge.'Cable-tayed bridges,Recent Developments and Their Future,Ito,M.,etal,Elsevier Science Publishers,3357-3376
[37]Sakai,Fisoe,A.,and Umeda,A.(1991)'A new methodology for control of construction accure,cy in cable-stayed bridges.'Proc.3th EASEC,Shanghai,China,1991
[38]魏红,胡世德,范力础.对斜拉桥总体设计参数的讨论.设计方法研究,2003.6
[39]Maeda K.Otsuka A,Takano H.The design and construction of the Yokohama Bay Bridge.Tokyo:Elsevier Science Publishers,1991,377-395
[40]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥.北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[41]W.Podolny Jr.&J.BSalji.Constrction.and.Design.of.Cable-Stayed Bridge,Jo hnWiley&Sons,Inc,New York.1976
[42]American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official.LRFD Bridge Design Specifi ca tions.Pirntedin the United State of Ameirca,1994
[43]M.J.NP riestley.Long Term Obserbvation of Concerte Structure:Analysis of Temperature Gradient.Canadian Jounral of Civil Engineering,Vol.11(3),1984
[44]王美.红枫湖大桥成桥后索力调整及调索顺序的优化.大连理工大学硕士论文,2005,3
[45]许东,吴铮.基于MATLAB6的系统分分析与设计神经网络.西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[46]韩力群.人工神经网络理论、设计及应用.北京:化学工业出版社,2002,1
[47]Rao S.Govindaraju.Artificial Neural Networks in Hydrology Ⅰ:Preliminary Concepts.Jounral of Hydrologic Engineering,Vol.5,No.2,April,2002:115-123.
[48]金娇,方帅,阎石等.BP网络模型的改进方法综述明.沈阳建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版),2001,17(3):197-199.
[49]Tang,M.C,Cable-stayed bridges in North America.Cable-stayed bridge,Elsevier Science Publisher,1991
[50]张志涌.精通MATLAB6.5版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,3
[51]周开利,康耀红.神经网络模型及其MATLAB仿真程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2005,7
[52]张吉礼.模糊-神经网络控制原理与工程应用.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004.6
[53]官万轶.斜拉桥施工过程的预测与控制方法研究.华南理工大学博士学位论文,2000
[54]Simon Haykin.Kalman Filtering and Neural Networks.JohnWiley&Sons,I nc,2001
[55]The Mathworks.Neural Network Toolbox for Designing and Simulating Neural Networks.http://www.mathworks.com/
[56]Howard Demuth,Mark Beale.Neural Network Toolbox For Use with MATLAB.User's Guide Version4 of MATLAB
[57]Magdalena Stasiak,Krzyszt of Siwek,Ryszard Sikora.The Combination of Principal Component Analysis with Neural Network as a Highly Eficient 3D EIT Solution.3~(rd) World Congress on Industrial Process Tomography,Banf,Canada:6 64-670
[58] Yueh-Hsiang Liao. A Statistical Patern Recognizer Employing Artificial Neural Network and Principal Component Analysis.Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from Computer Science and Engineering of University of Louisnille,December, 2001
[59] Lionel Bellevue, Paul J. Towell. Creep and Shrinkage Efects in Segmental Bridges
[60] Li Qun.The Further Generalization for Grey Forecasting Model. Journal of Mathematics for Technology, 1997,13(4):48-51
[61] Pandey PC and Barai S V.Multilayer perceptron in damage detection of bridge structures.Computers and Structures, 1995.4
[62] Barai S V and Pandey PC .Vibration signature analysis using artificial neural networks.Journal of Computingin Civil Engineering, 1995.4
[63] Worden K.Structural fault detection using a novelty measure.Joural of Sound and Vibration, 1997.1
[64] Chan THT,Ni Y Q and Ko J M.Neural network novelty for anomaly detection of Tsing Ma bridge cables.Intemational Conference on Structural Health Monitoring 2000.Pennsylvania.USA, 1999