基于Petri网的生产物流系统建模与仿真
摘要
生产物流是企业生产过程得以连续进行的必要条件。在生产空间中加工点往往处于固定位置,只要加工设备能正常运转,就不会对系统产生干扰,而物流在生产空间中始终处于运动状态,物流线路不合理,运行节奏不协调,物料堆放不规则都会造成生产秩序的混乱,甚至停产。为了更好地分析生产物流系统,选择适当的数学建模方法建立物流系统模型并对其进行仿真,对优化物流系统的运行是非常重要的。
本文在总结国内外生产物流系统研究现状的基础上,选择适用于离散动态事件系统建模的Petri网分析方法进行物流系统的建模与分析,并以某汽车制造企业作为实际研究对象,分析其生产物流特点,构建基于赋时着色Petri网的生产物流系统模型。最后运用基于Petri网理论的Exspect仿真软件对模型进行仿真,根据企业实际情况设置几种不同物流控制策略的仿真参数,并对仿真结果进行比较分析,从而确定最为合理的物流策略。
由于本文所研究企业采用拉动式生产方式,物流信息系统对物流控制策略影响很大,本文在建模与仿真的过程中,考虑了信息的反馈与控制作用,这与目前较多的Petri网在物流流程方面的应用略有区别,模型不仅包括了自上而下的实物流程,而徂包括了下游向上游的要货信息反馈,上游物流结点依据要货信息向下游送货。
Production logistics is a necessary condition for the continuously processing of production. In the production space, processing is usually in a fixed position, as long as the processing equipment can operate normally, the production system will not be interfered. Oppositely, the material in the production space is always in a state of movement, if the logistics lines is unreasonable, or the running rhythm is uncoordinated, or the material is not stacked in rules, it will make the production confusion or even shutdown. In order to analyze the production logistics system better, the selection of appropriate mathematical modeling methods, the establishment of logistics system model and the simulation of the model is important to the optimization of logistics system operation.
On the basis of summarizing the research status quo on production logistics system at home and abroad, this paper choose Petri Net analysis methods which is greatly fitting the modeling of discrete dynamic incident system to modeling and analysis the production logistics system, take an automobile manufactory enterprise as a practical study object, and establish a production logistics system model based on timed colored Petri Net. Finally, this paper will use ExSpect which is a simulation software base on colored Petri Net theory to simulate the model. According to the actual situation of the enterprise, simulation parameters for different logistics control strategy will be set in this paper, and then compare the simulation results and determine which one is the most reasonable logistics strategy.
As the corporation researched in this paper uses the pulling production, logistics information system will impact the logistics control strategy greatly. So the feedback and the control function of the information is considered in the model and simulation. This is different with the application of Petri Net on logistics process because there is not only the physical process from the material source to the assembly line, but also the parts-requirement information feedback process from assembly line to the material source, and the parts will be distributed to the assembly line according to the requirement information.
本文在总结国内外生产物流系统研究现状的基础上,选择适用于离散动态事件系统建模的Petri网分析方法进行物流系统的建模与分析,并以某汽车制造企业作为实际研究对象,分析其生产物流特点,构建基于赋时着色Petri网的生产物流系统模型。最后运用基于Petri网理论的Exspect仿真软件对模型进行仿真,根据企业实际情况设置几种不同物流控制策略的仿真参数,并对仿真结果进行比较分析,从而确定最为合理的物流策略。
由于本文所研究企业采用拉动式生产方式,物流信息系统对物流控制策略影响很大,本文在建模与仿真的过程中,考虑了信息的反馈与控制作用,这与目前较多的Petri网在物流流程方面的应用略有区别,模型不仅包括了自上而下的实物流程,而徂包括了下游向上游的要货信息反馈,上游物流结点依据要货信息向下游送货。
Production logistics is a necessary condition for the continuously processing of production. In the production space, processing is usually in a fixed position, as long as the processing equipment can operate normally, the production system will not be interfered. Oppositely, the material in the production space is always in a state of movement, if the logistics lines is unreasonable, or the running rhythm is uncoordinated, or the material is not stacked in rules, it will make the production confusion or even shutdown. In order to analyze the production logistics system better, the selection of appropriate mathematical modeling methods, the establishment of logistics system model and the simulation of the model is important to the optimization of logistics system operation.
On the basis of summarizing the research status quo on production logistics system at home and abroad, this paper choose Petri Net analysis methods which is greatly fitting the modeling of discrete dynamic incident system to modeling and analysis the production logistics system, take an automobile manufactory enterprise as a practical study object, and establish a production logistics system model based on timed colored Petri Net. Finally, this paper will use ExSpect which is a simulation software base on colored Petri Net theory to simulate the model. According to the actual situation of the enterprise, simulation parameters for different logistics control strategy will be set in this paper, and then compare the simulation results and determine which one is the most reasonable logistics strategy.
As the corporation researched in this paper uses the pulling production, logistics information system will impact the logistics control strategy greatly. So the feedback and the control function of the information is considered in the model and simulation. This is different with the application of Petri Net on logistics process because there is not only the physical process from the material source to the assembly line, but also the parts-requirement information feedback process from assembly line to the material source, and the parts will be distributed to the assembly line according to the requirement information.
引文
铩颷1]张晓萍,彦永年.现代生产物流及仿真.北京.清华大学出版社.1998.3-4:
[2]江志斌.Petri网及其在制造系统建模与控制中的应用.北京.机械工业出版社.2004;
[3]张文诺.基于Petri网的汽车生产物流流程仿真优化研究.[学位论文].吉林大学.2007.8-9;
[4]周延美,张英.包装物流概论.北京.化学工业出版社.2006.184-190;
[5]刘通.Petri网在制造业物流系统中的应用.[学位论文].西安建筑科技大学.2006;
[6]张海峰.基于Petri网的FMS物流系统建模及仿真.[学位论文].西安理工大学.2007;
[7]张颖利.汽车制造企业生产物流的系统分析与优化.[学位论文].南京林业大学.2005;
[8]张文诺.基于Petri网的汽车生产物流流程仿真优化研究.[学位论文].吉林大学.2007.06;
[9]Ezpeleta,Colom,Martinez.A Petri net based deadlock prevention policy for flexiblemanufacturing system.IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation.1995.11(2).173-184;
[10]Takeda Y,Murakoshi H.Proposal of a modeling methodology for factory automationsystems and the improved Petri net controller.Emerging Technologies and FactoryAutomation.1996.2.540-545:
[11]Kuo ChungHsien,Huang HanPang.Failure modeling and process monitoring for flexiblemanufacturing systems using colored timed Petri nets.Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers Inc.v16.2000.301-312;
[12]施欣.基于Petri网的航运业务流程的仿真优化.系统仿真学报.2001.06;
[13]胡松筠,陈燕.基于随机时间Petri网的第三方物流业务流程建模与分析.大连海事大学学报.2005.04;
[14]董海,王宛山.基于Petri网的海关业务流程工作流模型分析.机械设计与制造.2005.07;
[15]王妍,曹宝香.基于Petri网的仓库管理流程建模.计算机与现代化.2007.10;
[16]唐达,李哗.基于有色随机Petri网的供应链系统模型分析.计算机研究与发展.2007.06;
[17]崔政东,刘晋.基于广义随机Petri网的供应链建模与分析.系统工程理论与实践.2005.12;
[18]杨天剑,吕廷杰.基于广义随机Petri网的供应链订货提前期建模.北京邮电大学学报.2007.06;
[19]方志梅,叶飞帆.柔性供应链的Petri网建模与分析.中国机械工程.2006.11;
[20]Viswanadham N,Raghavan N R Srinivasa.Performance analysis and design of supplychains-A Petri net approach Journal of the Operational Research Society.2000.10;
[21]Labadi Karim,Chen Haoxun,Amodeo Lione.Batch deterministic and stochastic Petri netsmodeling,analysis and its application to supply chain.IEEE International Conference on Systems,Man and Cybernetics.vS.2004.4515-4520;
[22]刘小华.基于Petri网的物流配送系统模型研究.煤矿机械.2006.06;
[23]谢海鲸,程国全.立体库作业系统的Petri网建模与性能分析.物流技术.2007.09;
[24]张海霖,江志斌.基于R-OPN的集装箱码头物流系统建模与分析.上海交通大学学报.2007.02:
[25]黄银娣,张沂泉.基于Petri网的物流分拣系统的建模与仿真.物流技术.2006.03;
[26]简炜.物流过程的建模和优化方法研究.[学位论文].浙江大学.2004;
铩颷27]吴哲辉.Petri网导论.北京.机械工业出版社.2006;
[28]江志斌.Petri网及其在制造系统建模与控制中的应用.北京.机械工业出版社.2004;
[29]林闯.随即Petri网和系统性能评价.北京.清华大学出版社.2005;
[30]蒋昌俊.Petri网的行为理论及其应用.北京.高等教育出版社.2003;
[31]王亚超,马汉武.生产物流系统建模与仿真-Witness系统及应用.北京.科学出版社.2006;
[32]蒋志青.企业业务流程设计与管理.北京.电子工业出版社.2004;
[33]丁立言,张铎。物流系统工程.北京.清华大学出版社.2000;
[34]陈红玉,姚冠新.制造企业物流系统建模技术的研究.工业工程.2002.09;
[35]朱卫锋,费奇.复杂物流系统仿真及其研究现状.系统仿真学报.2003.03;
[36]Ronald H Ballou.王晓东,胡瑞娟.企业物流管理.供应链的规划、组织和控制.北京.机械工业出版社.2002;
[37]Donald Waters.李习文,李斌.库存控制与管理.北京.机械工业出版社.2005;
[38]滕佳东.制造业企业生产物流流程再造的建模方法.机械设计与制造.2004.04;
[39]含莉,黄毅然.制造企业的生产物流流程设计与看板管理应用.企业物流.2006.06;
[40]詹跃东,骆瑛.基于Petri网的物流自动化系统建模与仿真研究.系统仿真学报.2001.04;
[41]王仲钦.现代汽车制造厂总装车间工艺设计.机械制造.2003.04;
[42]W M P Van der Aalst,A W Waltmans.Modeling Logistic Systems with EXSPECT.Dynamic Modeling of information Systems.1991.06:
[43]W M P Van der Aalst.Timed-Coloured Perti Nets and Their Application to Logistics.Eindhoven University of Technology.1992;
[44]Samir M Koriem,T E Dabbous,WS EL-Kilam.A new Petri modeling technique for theperformance analysis of discrete event dynamic systems.The Journal Systems and Software.2004.72(3).335-348;
[45]J Wang.Timed Petri Nets,Theory and Application.Kluwer Academic Publishers.1998;
[46]Jensen K.Colored Petri nets basic concepts.Analysis methods and practicaluse.volumel.New York.Springer.1992;
[47]Viswanadham N,Narahari Y.Colored Petri nets models for automated manufacturingsystems.IEEE Computer Society Press,1987;
[2]江志斌.Petri网及其在制造系统建模与控制中的应用.北京.机械工业出版社.2004;
[3]张文诺.基于Petri网的汽车生产物流流程仿真优化研究.[学位论文].吉林大学.2007.8-9;
[4]周延美,张英.包装物流概论.北京.化学工业出版社.2006.184-190;
[5]刘通.Petri网在制造业物流系统中的应用.[学位论文].西安建筑科技大学.2006;
[6]张海峰.基于Petri网的FMS物流系统建模及仿真.[学位论文].西安理工大学.2007;
[7]张颖利.汽车制造企业生产物流的系统分析与优化.[学位论文].南京林业大学.2005;
[8]张文诺.基于Petri网的汽车生产物流流程仿真优化研究.[学位论文].吉林大学.2007.06;
[9]Ezpeleta,Colom,Martinez.A Petri net based deadlock prevention policy for flexiblemanufacturing system.IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation.1995.11(2).173-184;
[10]Takeda Y,Murakoshi H.Proposal of a modeling methodology for factory automationsystems and the improved Petri net controller.Emerging Technologies and FactoryAutomation.1996.2.540-545:
[11]Kuo ChungHsien,Huang HanPang.Failure modeling and process monitoring for flexiblemanufacturing systems using colored timed Petri nets.Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers Inc.v16.2000.301-312;
[12]施欣.基于Petri网的航运业务流程的仿真优化.系统仿真学报.2001.06;
[13]胡松筠,陈燕.基于随机时间Petri网的第三方物流业务流程建模与分析.大连海事大学学报.2005.04;
[14]董海,王宛山.基于Petri网的海关业务流程工作流模型分析.机械设计与制造.2005.07;
[15]王妍,曹宝香.基于Petri网的仓库管理流程建模.计算机与现代化.2007.10;
[16]唐达,李哗.基于有色随机Petri网的供应链系统模型分析.计算机研究与发展.2007.06;
[17]崔政东,刘晋.基于广义随机Petri网的供应链建模与分析.系统工程理论与实践.2005.12;
[18]杨天剑,吕廷杰.基于广义随机Petri网的供应链订货提前期建模.北京邮电大学学报.2007.06;
[19]方志梅,叶飞帆.柔性供应链的Petri网建模与分析.中国机械工程.2006.11;
[20]Viswanadham N,Raghavan N R Srinivasa.Performance analysis and design of supplychains-A Petri net approach Journal of the Operational Research Society.2000.10;
[21]Labadi Karim,Chen Haoxun,Amodeo Lione.Batch deterministic and stochastic Petri netsmodeling,analysis and its application to supply chain.IEEE International Conference on Systems,Man and Cybernetics.vS.2004.4515-4520;
[22]刘小华.基于Petri网的物流配送系统模型研究.煤矿机械.2006.06;
[23]谢海鲸,程国全.立体库作业系统的Petri网建模与性能分析.物流技术.2007.09;
[24]张海霖,江志斌.基于R-OPN的集装箱码头物流系统建模与分析.上海交通大学学报.2007.02:
[25]黄银娣,张沂泉.基于Petri网的物流分拣系统的建模与仿真.物流技术.2006.03;
[26]简炜.物流过程的建模和优化方法研究.[学位论文].浙江大学.2004;
铩颷27]吴哲辉.Petri网导论.北京.机械工业出版社.2006;
[28]江志斌.Petri网及其在制造系统建模与控制中的应用.北京.机械工业出版社.2004;
[29]林闯.随即Petri网和系统性能评价.北京.清华大学出版社.2005;
[30]蒋昌俊.Petri网的行为理论及其应用.北京.高等教育出版社.2003;
[31]王亚超,马汉武.生产物流系统建模与仿真-Witness系统及应用.北京.科学出版社.2006;
[32]蒋志青.企业业务流程设计与管理.北京.电子工业出版社.2004;
[33]丁立言,张铎。物流系统工程.北京.清华大学出版社.2000;
[34]陈红玉,姚冠新.制造企业物流系统建模技术的研究.工业工程.2002.09;
[35]朱卫锋,费奇.复杂物流系统仿真及其研究现状.系统仿真学报.2003.03;
[36]Ronald H Ballou.王晓东,胡瑞娟.企业物流管理.供应链的规划、组织和控制.北京.机械工业出版社.2002;
[37]Donald Waters.李习文,李斌.库存控制与管理.北京.机械工业出版社.2005;
[38]滕佳东.制造业企业生产物流流程再造的建模方法.机械设计与制造.2004.04;
[39]含莉,黄毅然.制造企业的生产物流流程设计与看板管理应用.企业物流.2006.06;
[40]詹跃东,骆瑛.基于Petri网的物流自动化系统建模与仿真研究.系统仿真学报.2001.04;
[41]王仲钦.现代汽车制造厂总装车间工艺设计.机械制造.2003.04;
[42]W M P Van der Aalst,A W Waltmans.Modeling Logistic Systems with EXSPECT.Dynamic Modeling of information Systems.1991.06:
[43]W M P Van der Aalst.Timed-Coloured Perti Nets and Their Application to Logistics.Eindhoven University of Technology.1992;
[44]Samir M Koriem,T E Dabbous,WS EL-Kilam.A new Petri modeling technique for theperformance analysis of discrete event dynamic systems.The Journal Systems and Software.2004.72(3).335-348;
[45]J Wang.Timed Petri Nets,Theory and Application.Kluwer Academic Publishers.1998;
[46]Jensen K.Colored Petri nets basic concepts.Analysis methods and practicaluse.volumel.New York.Springer.1992;
[47]Viswanadham N,Narahari Y.Colored Petri nets models for automated manufacturingsystems.IEEE Computer Society Press,1987;