国内外机器人研究领域的知识计量
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摘要
知识计量学的创生,是科学—技术知识体系与社会需求内在发展交互作用的必然结果,而机器人则是各种科学—技术知识的集合体。
本文以知识计量学的相关理论与方法为指导,以期刊文献与专利文献作为知识载体,以Web of Science数据库收录的机器人领域的载文信息、德温特专利数据库与“七国两组织”专利数据库为主要数据来源,以“知识元”、“知识群”和“知识网络”为粒度,对近十年国内外机器人研究领域科学—技术知识系统中的规律和发展状况等进行全面分析,为增强制造业的开放式自主创新提供有价值的决策性参考。
首先,本文以Web of Science数据库中以“robot~*”为主题、文献类型为“article”、时间跨度为1999-2008年检索的20,634篇期刊文献为载体,对十年间国内外机器人研究领域的知识进展以及研究机构的合著现象等进行深入分析,将国内国外机器人研究领域的科学知识分布与知识前沿等用可视化工具CiteSpaceⅡ直观地表达出来,对比国内外机器人研究领域主题知识群、知识主体之间的关系以及科学知识的演化发展状况,进行科学计量。
其次,以德温特创新索引(Derwent Innovation Index,以下简称DII)数据库为数据来源,运用CiteSpaceⅡ对DII数据库中检索到的1999-2008年间国内机器人研究领域共4,151条有效专利文献,进行了前沿技术知识分布、核心技术发明专利知识等方面的计量研究;同时,结合中国、日本、美国、英国、法国、德国、瑞士、世界知识产权组织和欧洲专利局等“七国两组织”专利数据库中检索到的55,629条机器人专利文献进行综合比较,从而描绘出国内外机器人技术发明专利的知识地图。
The creation of Knowmetrics is the evitable result of interaction between the science-technology knowledge system and the social needs.The robot is the aggregation of various kinds of science-technology knowledge.
This paper comprehensively analyzes the discipline and the state of development of the science-technology knowledge system in the area of robots that have been studied at home and abroad in recent 10 years.The theoretical direction of this paper is the theories and methods of Knowmetrics.The carrier of knowledge is the published papers on periodical and patent literatures.The main data source is the information of publish papers included by Web of Science in robots,Derwent Innovations Index and Seven-country and Two-organization Patent Index Database.The particle size of knowledge consists of knowledge element, knowledge communities and knowledge network.
Firstly,this paper analyzes the discipline and the state of development of the science-technology knowledge system in the area of robots that have been studied at home and abroad in recent 10 years.After that,taking robot~* as the key word,ARTICLE as the paper type,1999-2008 as the time span,the paper profoundly analyzes the phenomenon of cooperation between research institutes,covering 20,634 published papers on periodical,and then visualizes the knowledge distribution and knowledge frontiers in the area with the help of the visualization tool CiteSpaceⅡ.Then,the relationship between knowledge group in area of robot and the subject of knowledge is studied.The development and involvement of science knowledge are scientifically measured as a contrastive analysis.
Secondly,taking the Derwent Innovation Index(DII) as the main data source,the CiteSpaceⅡas the visualization tool,this paper visualizes the distribution of technology knowledge frontier and scientifically measures the core technology knowledge and patent citation,covering 4,151 patent literatures.At the same time,the paper takes the patent literatures from the Seven-country and Two-organization Patent Index Database and analyzes the documentation synthetically and comparatively.As a result,a knowledge map of patent of invention of robot is drawn.
本文以知识计量学的相关理论与方法为指导,以期刊文献与专利文献作为知识载体,以Web of Science数据库收录的机器人领域的载文信息、德温特专利数据库与“七国两组织”专利数据库为主要数据来源,以“知识元”、“知识群”和“知识网络”为粒度,对近十年国内外机器人研究领域科学—技术知识系统中的规律和发展状况等进行全面分析,为增强制造业的开放式自主创新提供有价值的决策性参考。
首先,本文以Web of Science数据库中以“robot~*”为主题、文献类型为“article”、时间跨度为1999-2008年检索的20,634篇期刊文献为载体,对十年间国内外机器人研究领域的知识进展以及研究机构的合著现象等进行深入分析,将国内国外机器人研究领域的科学知识分布与知识前沿等用可视化工具CiteSpaceⅡ直观地表达出来,对比国内外机器人研究领域主题知识群、知识主体之间的关系以及科学知识的演化发展状况,进行科学计量。
其次,以德温特创新索引(Derwent Innovation Index,以下简称DII)数据库为数据来源,运用CiteSpaceⅡ对DII数据库中检索到的1999-2008年间国内机器人研究领域共4,151条有效专利文献,进行了前沿技术知识分布、核心技术发明专利知识等方面的计量研究;同时,结合中国、日本、美国、英国、法国、德国、瑞士、世界知识产权组织和欧洲专利局等“七国两组织”专利数据库中检索到的55,629条机器人专利文献进行综合比较,从而描绘出国内外机器人技术发明专利的知识地图。
The creation of Knowmetrics is the evitable result of interaction between the science-technology knowledge system and the social needs.The robot is the aggregation of various kinds of science-technology knowledge.
This paper comprehensively analyzes the discipline and the state of development of the science-technology knowledge system in the area of robots that have been studied at home and abroad in recent 10 years.The theoretical direction of this paper is the theories and methods of Knowmetrics.The carrier of knowledge is the published papers on periodical and patent literatures.The main data source is the information of publish papers included by Web of Science in robots,Derwent Innovations Index and Seven-country and Two-organization Patent Index Database.The particle size of knowledge consists of knowledge element, knowledge communities and knowledge network.
Firstly,this paper analyzes the discipline and the state of development of the science-technology knowledge system in the area of robots that have been studied at home and abroad in recent 10 years.After that,taking robot~* as the key word,ARTICLE as the paper type,1999-2008 as the time span,the paper profoundly analyzes the phenomenon of cooperation between research institutes,covering 20,634 published papers on periodical,and then visualizes the knowledge distribution and knowledge frontiers in the area with the help of the visualization tool CiteSpaceⅡ.Then,the relationship between knowledge group in area of robot and the subject of knowledge is studied.The development and involvement of science knowledge are scientifically measured as a contrastive analysis.
Secondly,taking the Derwent Innovation Index(DII) as the main data source,the CiteSpaceⅡas the visualization tool,this paper visualizes the distribution of technology knowledge frontier and scientifically measures the core technology knowledge and patent citation,covering 4,151 patent literatures.At the same time,the paper takes the patent literatures from the Seven-country and Two-organization Patent Index Database and analyzes the documentation synthetically and comparatively.As a result,a knowledge map of patent of invention of robot is drawn.
引文
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[12]王续琨,侯剑华.知识计量学的学科定位和研究框架[J].大连理工大学学报(社会科学版),2008(3):50-54.
[13]丁堃.关于学科知识测度体系的思考[A].刘则渊,王续琨.科学学理论与科学计量学探索:全国科学技术学暨科学学理论与学科建设2008年会议论文集[C].大连:大连理工大学科学学与科学技术管理研究所,2008:17.
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[16]王君,樊治平.一种基于有向无环图的组织知识度量模型[J].系统工程,2002(20):21-25.
[17]潜伟.学科硬度测量:FGA方法的应用[J].科学学研究,2002,20(5):472-475.
[18]张贵金,徐卫亚.不确定性知识表示及其度量方法[J],计算机工程与应用,2003(9):80-83.
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[23]文庭孝.知识计量与知识评价研究[J].评价与管理,2007,5(1):70-75.
[24]文庭孝.知识计量与知识评价研究[J].情报学报,2007,26(5):670-676.
[25]李高正,师汉民.制造知识的表示及其度量方法的研究[J].中国机械工程,2003(12):1025-1027.
[26]GEISLER E.科学技术测度体系[M].周萍等译.北京:科学技术文献出版社,2003.
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[29]CHEN C.CiteSpaceⅡ:Detecting and visualizing emerging trends and transient patterns in scientific literature[J].Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology,2006,57(3):359-377.
[30]汪雪锋,朱东华,胡望斌.促进技术监测在政府科研管理中的应用--纳米技术监测应用研究[J].科研管理,2006,27(3):123-127.
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[32]李亮,朱庆华.社会网络分析方法在合著分析中的实证研究[J].情报科学,2008(26):549-554.
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