全电流补偿消弧线圈关键技术研究
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摘要
随着城市配电网容量的日益增大和非线性负荷及电缆线路的大量增加，接地故障残余电流中的阻性和谐波电流成分随之大幅提高。全电流补偿消弧线圈可有效地解决这些成分的补偿问题，同时抑制电弧接地过电压，保证配电网供电的安全性和可靠性。本文对全电流补偿消弧线圈的关键技术展开研究。
为了得到接地残流的真实数据，对数十个电网电容电流进行测试。以谢桥矿接地实验为例进行分析和研究，给出了实验结果和分析结论，作为以下各章内容的研究基础。由于现有的对接地残流的研究具有局限性，本文提出需先对双谐波源的单相接地故障系统进行分析，从理论上研究谐波源类型和故障点位置对故障点谐波电压和电流的影响。补偿接地残流的技术问题分别为残流补偿依赖选线结果与对地参数的估算和有源逆变装置的使用会带来系统的不稳定，本文提出的利用系统零序电压作为分析对象的检测方法新思路可以解决这些问题。
单相接地故障系统模型的准确建立是实现零序电压检测的重要步骤。本文提出全电流补偿消弧线圈系统的动态相量建模方法。该方法可以根据分析需要对模型进行变化，也可以有目的的选择单一频率进行分析。该建模方法不仅适用于接地故障电流暂态分量丰富的情况，而且可应用于含有电力电子装置的全电流补偿消弧线圈系统，仿真结果验证了其可行性。现有的暂态分析研究缺乏对暂态信号特征及故障信息的提取和利用方式方面的内容，本文对故障暂态信号进行频域分析并对系统了进行仿真建模，目的在于得到暂态电压和电流在不同频段内的分布规律。
主从式全电流补偿消弧线圈结构的本质是传统消弧线圈和逆变器的并联，针对主消弧线圈的不同类型，本文给出了全电流补偿消弧线圈的主从控制思路，并提出了基于动态相量建模的全电流补偿消弧线圈的无源性控制方法。该方法实现了零序电压检测且从全局寻求系统的稳定，响应快速，形式简单、鲁棒性好。仿真和物理实验验证了其可行性与优势。
本文阐述了主消弧线圈分布安装和增设从消弧线圈的必要性，提出了适合于分布安装的全电流补偿消弧线圈的结构，分析了其电气性能并给出了相应的系统评价，对不同分布安装方式下的系统做仿真对比实验，结果表明分布安装有助于降低接地残流。最后给出了一款基于Matlab仿真环境下可以判断孤立电网运行情况的软件，该软件可以动态地模拟含有各类分布式发电设备的孤网系统并对其能量进行分配与规划。基于适合于分布式安装的全电流补偿消弧线圈的概念，给出了适用于孤网环境的全电流补偿消弧线圈装置的软硬件设计。
Resistive current and harmonic current components of ground residual currentincrease with the increases of city distribution network capacity,city distributionnetwork nonlinear load and cable line. Full current compensation arc suppression coilcan solve the problem of residual current compensation, also can suppress thearc-earthing over-voltage effectively when the network is grounded through anarc-extinguishing coil. It can ensure power supply security and reliability indistribution network.The dissertation carries out research on key technologies on fullcompensation crc suppression coil.
For getting practical data of ground residual current, dozens of power systemcapacitive current were tested.Grounding experimentals of XieQiao coal mine wereresearched as an example,experimental results and analysis conclusion are given asthe research foundation of the following chapters. Existing research of groundresidual current has limitation, so this dissertation presents that the single phase earthfault system for double harmonic sources need to be analyzed,the influences ofharmonic source types and fault point position on harmonic voltage and current wereanalyzed theoretically. The technical problems of ground residual currentcompensation are residual current compensation is dependent on earthed fault feederdetection results and estimation of the parameters excessively,the system unstableproblem bought by the use of active converter device. Detection method taked zerosequence voltage as analysis object can solve the problems.
Accurate modeling of single phase earth fault system is a important step forachieving zero sequence voltage detection. Dynamic phasor model method of fullcurrent compensation arc suppression coil is porposed,it can change to react the needsof analysis,also can select a certain signal frequency for analysing on purpose. Thismodeling method is available for the condition that the transient component of groundfault current is rich,also can be applied in full current compensation arc suppressioncoil system contained power electronic equipment,the simulation results prove thefeasibility. Existing research of transient state analysis lacked some contents includedthe transient signal characteristics,extraction and utilization of fault informationdata.In this dissertation, transient fault signals are analysed in frequency domain,andthe system are simulated and modeled, for getting distribution law of transient voltageand current in different frequency bands.
The essential structure of master-slave full current compensation arc suppressioncoil is the parallel operation of traditional arc suppression coil and inverter.In view ofthe different kinds of master arc suppression coil, a master-slave control strategies offull current compensation arc suppression coil is proposed. A passivity-based controlmethod of full current compensation arc suppression coil based on dynamic phasormodels was proposed. This method achieves zero sequence voltage detection, it cansecure a stable from a global perspective, it also has fast transient response, simpleform and a good ability of robustness. Simulation and experiment results show thatthis method decreases the amplitude of residual current effectively.
The need for distributing installation of master compensation arc suppression andadding of slave arc suppression coil are described.The proposed structure of fullcurrent compensation arc suppression coil is calculated for distributing installation,electrical properties of it are analyzed,and system evaluation is given. Then,simulation comparison experiments of system under different distributing installationsituations are conducted,simulation results show that distributing installation isbeneficial to decrease ground residual current.Finally, a software which can assess theoperation condition of isolated grid is presented under the environment of Matlab.This software can imitate isolated grid system included varieties of distributedgeneration equipments dynamically, and distribute and plan the energy of isolatedgrid.Based on the concept of full current compensation arc suppression coil useddistributing installation,software design and hardware design of full currentcompensation arc suppression coil device applied to the environment of isolated gridare shown.
为了得到接地残流的真实数据，对数十个电网电容电流进行测试。以谢桥矿接地实验为例进行分析和研究，给出了实验结果和分析结论，作为以下各章内容的研究基础。由于现有的对接地残流的研究具有局限性，本文提出需先对双谐波源的单相接地故障系统进行分析，从理论上研究谐波源类型和故障点位置对故障点谐波电压和电流的影响。补偿接地残流的技术问题分别为残流补偿依赖选线结果与对地参数的估算和有源逆变装置的使用会带来系统的不稳定，本文提出的利用系统零序电压作为分析对象的检测方法新思路可以解决这些问题。
单相接地故障系统模型的准确建立是实现零序电压检测的重要步骤。本文提出全电流补偿消弧线圈系统的动态相量建模方法。该方法可以根据分析需要对模型进行变化，也可以有目的的选择单一频率进行分析。该建模方法不仅适用于接地故障电流暂态分量丰富的情况，而且可应用于含有电力电子装置的全电流补偿消弧线圈系统，仿真结果验证了其可行性。现有的暂态分析研究缺乏对暂态信号特征及故障信息的提取和利用方式方面的内容，本文对故障暂态信号进行频域分析并对系统了进行仿真建模，目的在于得到暂态电压和电流在不同频段内的分布规律。
主从式全电流补偿消弧线圈结构的本质是传统消弧线圈和逆变器的并联，针对主消弧线圈的不同类型，本文给出了全电流补偿消弧线圈的主从控制思路，并提出了基于动态相量建模的全电流补偿消弧线圈的无源性控制方法。该方法实现了零序电压检测且从全局寻求系统的稳定，响应快速，形式简单、鲁棒性好。仿真和物理实验验证了其可行性与优势。
本文阐述了主消弧线圈分布安装和增设从消弧线圈的必要性，提出了适合于分布安装的全电流补偿消弧线圈的结构，分析了其电气性能并给出了相应的系统评价，对不同分布安装方式下的系统做仿真对比实验，结果表明分布安装有助于降低接地残流。最后给出了一款基于Matlab仿真环境下可以判断孤立电网运行情况的软件，该软件可以动态地模拟含有各类分布式发电设备的孤网系统并对其能量进行分配与规划。基于适合于分布式安装的全电流补偿消弧线圈的概念，给出了适用于孤网环境的全电流补偿消弧线圈装置的软硬件设计。
Resistive current and harmonic current components of ground residual currentincrease with the increases of city distribution network capacity,city distributionnetwork nonlinear load and cable line. Full current compensation arc suppression coilcan solve the problem of residual current compensation, also can suppress thearc-earthing over-voltage effectively when the network is grounded through anarc-extinguishing coil. It can ensure power supply security and reliability indistribution network.The dissertation carries out research on key technologies on fullcompensation crc suppression coil.
For getting practical data of ground residual current, dozens of power systemcapacitive current were tested.Grounding experimentals of XieQiao coal mine wereresearched as an example,experimental results and analysis conclusion are given asthe research foundation of the following chapters. Existing research of groundresidual current has limitation, so this dissertation presents that the single phase earthfault system for double harmonic sources need to be analyzed,the influences ofharmonic source types and fault point position on harmonic voltage and current wereanalyzed theoretically. The technical problems of ground residual currentcompensation are residual current compensation is dependent on earthed fault feederdetection results and estimation of the parameters excessively,the system unstableproblem bought by the use of active converter device. Detection method taked zerosequence voltage as analysis object can solve the problems.
Accurate modeling of single phase earth fault system is a important step forachieving zero sequence voltage detection. Dynamic phasor model method of fullcurrent compensation arc suppression coil is porposed,it can change to react the needsof analysis,also can select a certain signal frequency for analysing on purpose. Thismodeling method is available for the condition that the transient component of groundfault current is rich,also can be applied in full current compensation arc suppressioncoil system contained power electronic equipment,the simulation results prove thefeasibility. Existing research of transient state analysis lacked some contents includedthe transient signal characteristics,extraction and utilization of fault informationdata.In this dissertation, transient fault signals are analysed in frequency domain,andthe system are simulated and modeled, for getting distribution law of transient voltageand current in different frequency bands.
The essential structure of master-slave full current compensation arc suppressioncoil is the parallel operation of traditional arc suppression coil and inverter.In view ofthe different kinds of master arc suppression coil, a master-slave control strategies offull current compensation arc suppression coil is proposed. A passivity-based controlmethod of full current compensation arc suppression coil based on dynamic phasormodels was proposed. This method achieves zero sequence voltage detection, it cansecure a stable from a global perspective, it also has fast transient response, simpleform and a good ability of robustness. Simulation and experiment results show thatthis method decreases the amplitude of residual current effectively.
The need for distributing installation of master compensation arc suppression andadding of slave arc suppression coil are described.The proposed structure of fullcurrent compensation arc suppression coil is calculated for distributing installation,electrical properties of it are analyzed,and system evaluation is given. Then,simulation comparison experiments of system under different distributing installationsituations are conducted,simulation results show that distributing installation isbeneficial to decrease ground residual current.Finally, a software which can assess theoperation condition of isolated grid is presented under the environment of Matlab.This software can imitate isolated grid system included varieties of distributedgeneration equipments dynamically, and distribute and plan the energy of isolatedgrid.Based on the concept of full current compensation arc suppression coil useddistributing installation,software design and hardware design of full currentcompensation arc suppression coil device applied to the environment of isolated gridare shown.
引文
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