混凝土结构收缩应力计算与试验方法研究
摘要
混凝土结构的收缩裂缝是学术界和工程应用中长期关注的重要课题。本文从制约混凝土裂缝发展的视角,针对混凝土收缩变形的大小,混凝土力学行为,以及混凝土变形的约束程度等方面展开了试验研究及理论分析,从而深入地认识收缩裂缝的发展机理,并在此基础上,结合混凝土结构的特点提出有效的裂缝控制措施,以满足工程应用需要。
首先,本文介绍了几种常用的混凝土干缩及自收缩计算模型,从原理和适用范围分别进行了综合评价,结合混凝土的微观结构探讨了混凝土收缩变形机理及内部湿度场与宏观变形的联系。
其次,考虑到混凝土结构构件的整体变形不便于测量,基于高斯积分函数的原理,提出利用高斯积分布点的方式测量混凝土结构构件变形的方法。将高斯积分函数应用于混凝土结构构件的变形计算中,再根据应变的定义,推算混凝土随龄期变化的应变值。
再次,进行足尺寸构件试验和现场试验。足尺寸构件试验通过架设百分表和按高斯积分点布点的方法获得了素混凝土梁及钢筋混凝土梁的总应变量,并把试验值进行回归分析,通过截面不同高度不同试验值的回归结果,给出了约束沿混凝土梁截面不同高度的变化规律。然后,给出考虑配筋影响的收缩计算公式,通过素混凝土梁和钢筋混凝土梁的试验值,验证文献所给的配筋影响系数是否可取。
最后,基于混凝土结构的约束应力的理论分析,通过北村新工程现场试验进行地下室底板约束应力的计算,验证王铁梦提出的计算方法是否可以应用于实际工程,并通过北村新工程地下室底板收缩应力计算,对地下室底板进行抗裂测评。同时,总结足尺寸构件试验和北村新工程试验中的测试方法的优缺点,提出改进后的测量混凝土结构收缩的试验方法。
The shrinkage cracking of concrete is an important problem in the academic circles and structure engineering.From the point of restraint for the shrinkage cracking,the experimental and theoretic studies are further conducted on the three basic factors ( the shrinkage strains of concrete,the mechanical properties of concrete,and the degree of restraint for concrete ) . So,the mechanism of the shrinkage cracking is deeply studied,and the effective control measures of the shrinkage cracking for concrete structure are supposed to reply the need of the engineering.
Frist,several common calculation model of dry shrinkage and Self-shrinkage about concrete were introduced in the paper, and make comprehensive evaluation on these model from principle and applicable scope, combined with Micro-Structure Analysis of Concrete, the mechanical of concrete shrinkage and relationship between humidity field and macroscopic deformation are investigated.
Second, considering the deformation of concrete structure component to measure, based on the principle of gaussian integral function, this paper puts forward the way of measuring the gaussian integral covers the deformation of the concrete structural components. The gaussian integral function is applied on concrete structural components to measure deformation, and calculate the variation of tensile strength as age change according to the definition of strain of concrete.
Third, sufficient size component test and field test was conducted. The strain of sufficient size plain concrete and reinforced concrete was measured by the way of erecting batches and decorating measuring-point according to the gaussian integral, and the total value of regression analysis. The constraints along the concrete beam variation of different heights is given through through the cross-section regression of different experimental results along different heights. Then, the formula is given considering the reinforcement of the contraction. Through the plain concrete beams and reinforced concrete beam test value to verify that the reinforcement of the literature of the validity coefficient.
At last, start with the theoretical analysis of concrete structures restraint stress. Wang Tie-meng proposed method which prove to be right and can be applied to practical engineering. Then, the crack on the basement floor is evaluated through calculating shrinkage stress of North Village New works basement floor. Meanwhile, Summarize advantages and disadvantages of sufficient size component test and field test and puts forward the improvement measure of concrete structure shrinkage test method.
首先,本文介绍了几种常用的混凝土干缩及自收缩计算模型,从原理和适用范围分别进行了综合评价,结合混凝土的微观结构探讨了混凝土收缩变形机理及内部湿度场与宏观变形的联系。
其次,考虑到混凝土结构构件的整体变形不便于测量,基于高斯积分函数的原理,提出利用高斯积分布点的方式测量混凝土结构构件变形的方法。将高斯积分函数应用于混凝土结构构件的变形计算中,再根据应变的定义,推算混凝土随龄期变化的应变值。
再次,进行足尺寸构件试验和现场试验。足尺寸构件试验通过架设百分表和按高斯积分点布点的方法获得了素混凝土梁及钢筋混凝土梁的总应变量,并把试验值进行回归分析,通过截面不同高度不同试验值的回归结果,给出了约束沿混凝土梁截面不同高度的变化规律。然后,给出考虑配筋影响的收缩计算公式,通过素混凝土梁和钢筋混凝土梁的试验值,验证文献所给的配筋影响系数是否可取。
最后,基于混凝土结构的约束应力的理论分析,通过北村新工程现场试验进行地下室底板约束应力的计算,验证王铁梦提出的计算方法是否可以应用于实际工程,并通过北村新工程地下室底板收缩应力计算,对地下室底板进行抗裂测评。同时,总结足尺寸构件试验和北村新工程试验中的测试方法的优缺点,提出改进后的测量混凝土结构收缩的试验方法。
The shrinkage cracking of concrete is an important problem in the academic circles and structure engineering.From the point of restraint for the shrinkage cracking,the experimental and theoretic studies are further conducted on the three basic factors ( the shrinkage strains of concrete,the mechanical properties of concrete,and the degree of restraint for concrete ) . So,the mechanism of the shrinkage cracking is deeply studied,and the effective control measures of the shrinkage cracking for concrete structure are supposed to reply the need of the engineering.
Frist,several common calculation model of dry shrinkage and Self-shrinkage about concrete were introduced in the paper, and make comprehensive evaluation on these model from principle and applicable scope, combined with Micro-Structure Analysis of Concrete, the mechanical of concrete shrinkage and relationship between humidity field and macroscopic deformation are investigated.
Second, considering the deformation of concrete structure component to measure, based on the principle of gaussian integral function, this paper puts forward the way of measuring the gaussian integral covers the deformation of the concrete structural components. The gaussian integral function is applied on concrete structural components to measure deformation, and calculate the variation of tensile strength as age change according to the definition of strain of concrete.
Third, sufficient size component test and field test was conducted. The strain of sufficient size plain concrete and reinforced concrete was measured by the way of erecting batches and decorating measuring-point according to the gaussian integral, and the total value of regression analysis. The constraints along the concrete beam variation of different heights is given through through the cross-section regression of different experimental results along different heights. Then, the formula is given considering the reinforcement of the contraction. Through the plain concrete beams and reinforced concrete beam test value to verify that the reinforcement of the literature of the validity coefficient.
At last, start with the theoretical analysis of concrete structures restraint stress. Wang Tie-meng proposed method which prove to be right and can be applied to practical engineering. Then, the crack on the basement floor is evaluated through calculating shrinkage stress of North Village New works basement floor. Meanwhile, Summarize advantages and disadvantages of sufficient size component test and field test and puts forward the improvement measure of concrete structure shrinkage test method.
引文
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[2].陶建民,王旭峰,现浇钢筋混凝土楼板采用商品混凝土施工的裂缝分析及控制.现浇楼板的裂缝控制[M]. 2003,北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[3].游宝坤,李光明,建筑结构裂缝控制与防水新技术.中国建筑材料科学研究院, 2002.
[4].昆建华,现浇混凝土楼板裂缝控制工程实例.钢筋混凝土裂缝控制指南[M], 2004.
[5].徐伟,任洪峰,商品混凝土的材料性能对混凝土早期裂缝的影响分析.现浇楼板的裂缝控制[M], 2003.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[6].潘延平,住宅建筑裂缝因果关系漫谈.现浇楼板的裂缝控制[M], 2003.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[7].熊耀莹,住宅建筑裂缝因果关系漫谈.现浇楼板的裂缝控制[M], 2003.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[8].周磊,现浇钢筋混凝土楼板裂缝的成因及防治.现浇楼板的裂缝控制[M], 2003.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[9].陈萌,混凝土结构收缩裂缝的机理分析与控制[D].武汉理工大学, 2006.
[10].中国建筑科学研究院,混凝土收缩与徐变的试验研究. 1987.
[11].广东省交通科学研究所,洛溪大桥高强混凝土的配制与收缩徐变试验研究. 1989.
[12].苏清洪,加筋混凝土构件正常使用状态的通用计算方法[J].桥梁建设, 1994: p. 3-10.
[13].王国森,叶.,劲性钢筋混凝土收缩应力的试验分析[J].南京建筑工程学院学报, 1992(3): p. 31~37.
[14].梅明荣,葛.,混凝土结构收缩应力问题研究[J].河海大学学报, 2002(3): p. 73~78.
[15].韩重庆,孟.,大面积混凝土梁板结构温度应力问题的探讨[J].建筑技术, 2000,31(12): p. 820~822.
[16].金建民,防止和减轻超长混凝土结构温度收缩裂缝的设计建议[J].工业建筑, 2002,32(6): p. 57~59.
[17].王铁梦,工程结构裂缝控制[M]. 2004,北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[18].陈肇元,崔京浩,朱金铨,安明拮,俞哲夫.,钢筋混凝土裂缝分析与控制[J].工程力学增刊, 2001: p. 57~84.
[19].高小建,巴恒静等,混凝土水灰比与其早期收缩特性关系的研究.钢筋混凝土裂缝控制指南. 2004,北京:化学工业出版社.
[20].文梓芸,杨医博,化学外加剂和矿物掺合料对水泥砂浆干缩与开裂影响的研究.钢筋混凝土裂缝控制指南[M], 2004.北京:化学工业出版社.
[21].姚燕,马丽嫒等,高强混凝土早期收缩开裂影响因素的研究.钢筋混凝土裂缝控制指南[M], 2004.北京:化学工业出版社.
[22].刘旭晨,黄卫等,胶凝材料体系对早期收缩开裂的影响.钢筋混凝土裂缝控制指南. 2004,北京:化学工业出版社.
[23].尹健,周士琼,高强度性能混凝土极限拉应变性能研究[J].工业建筑, 2000,30(7): p. 47~49.
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