基于ARM的多通道数据采集器的设计与实现
摘要
数据采集系统作为辅助设备被引入到水声工程中,发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着水声技术的高速发展,对数据采集系统的要求也越来越高,除了基本的技术指标外,还希望可以提供多种操作形式和多种数据存储方式。
本论文将设计并实现一套多通道数据采集器。该数据采集器具有灵活的操作方式,能实现近程、远程操控,这样可以避免数据采集工作受到距离的限制；还具有多种数据存储方式,可以存储到PC机、USB存储设备或FLASH芯片中,这样可以使数据采集工作不会受到存储介质的限制。
本论文完成了数据采集器硬件和软件的设计工作,具体内容是：
硬件方面：设计实现了以信号调理电路板、采集电路板和底板构成的数据采集器硬件结构。在信号调理电路板中,通过设计模拟电路实现对输入信号的放大滤波和AD变换等处理。在采集电路板中,以S3C2440为核心另配有FPGA和FLASH,开发了网口和USB接口,实现了数据的采集、传输和多种存储方式等功能。底板用于实现上述两板的连接,并提供数据采集器所用的电源和信号输入接口。
软件方面：设计了VC++显控程序,用于实现对数据采集器参数的设定和采集控制功能。设计了FPGA程序,用于实现AD芯片转换数据控制、FLASH存取数据控制、与S3C2440进行数据传输的功能。设计了基于嵌入式Linux系统的应用程序和驱动程序,用于实现与FPGA进行数据传输、通过USB接口存储数据到USB存储设备、通过以太网与显控进行通信的功能。
最后本论文对设计实现的数据采集器进行了测试,验证了设计的合理性与可行性。最后,对全文进行总结并对其扩展功能进行了展望,为数据采集系统的进一步研究做了准备。
Data collecting system as an auxiliary equipment has played an important role in the underwater acoustic technology. With the rapid development of the underwater acoustic engineering technology, the data collecting system is meeting higher and higher standards and requirements including the basic technical requests, as well as a flexible mode of operation and multiple methods of data storage.
A set of multi-channel data collecting system is designed. It has a flexible mode of operation to achieve short-range and long-range control to avoid restriction from the distance. Besides, it has varieties ways of data storage. Data can be stored in PC, USB storage device, and FLASH chips to make sure the data collecting job cannot be limited by the storage media.
The work of designing the hardware and software of the data collecting device is completed and the specific contents are as follows:
The hardware of data collection device is designed which includes the signal conditioning circuit board, collecting board and bottom board. The signal conditioning circuit board achieves the amplification, filtering and AD conversion of the input signal by designing the analog circuits. Based on the signal collection circuit board using S3C2440 as a core chip with FPGA and FLASH part, the Ethernet and USB interface is designed to ensure that data collection, transmission and storage performance is achieved. The bottom board accomplishes the connection of the two boards above and the power supply and the input interface of signal for data collection device.
The program of VC++for displaying and controlling is designed to achieve the function of parameter setting and collecting control. The FPGA program is also given to actualize the performance of the controller of the AD chip data conversion, the FLASH access to data and the data transmission with S3C2440. As well, the ARM embedded Linux system applications and drivers is programmed to make an accomplishment of data transmission with FPGA, data storage to a USB device through the specific interface, and the communication with the displaying and controlling subsystem through the Ethernet.
In this paper, designing and implementation of data collection device is tested to verify the rationality, feasibility and the practicality of the system. Finally, the thesis is summarized hoping its extensions in the future for further research.
本论文将设计并实现一套多通道数据采集器。该数据采集器具有灵活的操作方式,能实现近程、远程操控,这样可以避免数据采集工作受到距离的限制；还具有多种数据存储方式,可以存储到PC机、USB存储设备或FLASH芯片中,这样可以使数据采集工作不会受到存储介质的限制。
本论文完成了数据采集器硬件和软件的设计工作,具体内容是：
硬件方面：设计实现了以信号调理电路板、采集电路板和底板构成的数据采集器硬件结构。在信号调理电路板中,通过设计模拟电路实现对输入信号的放大滤波和AD变换等处理。在采集电路板中,以S3C2440为核心另配有FPGA和FLASH,开发了网口和USB接口,实现了数据的采集、传输和多种存储方式等功能。底板用于实现上述两板的连接,并提供数据采集器所用的电源和信号输入接口。
软件方面：设计了VC++显控程序,用于实现对数据采集器参数的设定和采集控制功能。设计了FPGA程序,用于实现AD芯片转换数据控制、FLASH存取数据控制、与S3C2440进行数据传输的功能。设计了基于嵌入式Linux系统的应用程序和驱动程序,用于实现与FPGA进行数据传输、通过USB接口存储数据到USB存储设备、通过以太网与显控进行通信的功能。
最后本论文对设计实现的数据采集器进行了测试,验证了设计的合理性与可行性。最后,对全文进行总结并对其扩展功能进行了展望,为数据采集系统的进一步研究做了准备。
Data collecting system as an auxiliary equipment has played an important role in the underwater acoustic technology. With the rapid development of the underwater acoustic engineering technology, the data collecting system is meeting higher and higher standards and requirements including the basic technical requests, as well as a flexible mode of operation and multiple methods of data storage.
A set of multi-channel data collecting system is designed. It has a flexible mode of operation to achieve short-range and long-range control to avoid restriction from the distance. Besides, it has varieties ways of data storage. Data can be stored in PC, USB storage device, and FLASH chips to make sure the data collecting job cannot be limited by the storage media.
The work of designing the hardware and software of the data collecting device is completed and the specific contents are as follows:
The hardware of data collection device is designed which includes the signal conditioning circuit board, collecting board and bottom board. The signal conditioning circuit board achieves the amplification, filtering and AD conversion of the input signal by designing the analog circuits. Based on the signal collection circuit board using S3C2440 as a core chip with FPGA and FLASH part, the Ethernet and USB interface is designed to ensure that data collection, transmission and storage performance is achieved. The bottom board accomplishes the connection of the two boards above and the power supply and the input interface of signal for data collection device.
The program of VC++for displaying and controlling is designed to achieve the function of parameter setting and collecting control. The FPGA program is also given to actualize the performance of the controller of the AD chip data conversion, the FLASH access to data and the data transmission with S3C2440. As well, the ARM embedded Linux system applications and drivers is programmed to make an accomplishment of data transmission with FPGA, data storage to a USB device through the specific interface, and the communication with the displaying and controlling subsystem through the Ethernet.
In this paper, designing and implementation of data collection device is tested to verify the rationality, feasibility and the practicality of the system. Finally, the thesis is summarized hoping its extensions in the future for further research.
引文
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[7]Denny Steele, Robert Kruger.在65nm Cyclone III FPGA中实现低功耗.电子设计应用,2007
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[9]ADS8326 High-Speed microPower Sampling Analog-To-Digital Converter Datasheet,2007：1页
[10]王凯FLASH存储系统数据管理算法的研究.华中科技大学硕士学位论文.2009：5-6页
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[14]LM2576 Simple Switcher 3A Step-Down Voltage Regulator Datasheet,1999
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[17]鸟哥编著.鸟哥的Linux私房菜基础学习篇.王世江改编.第三版.人民邮电出版社,2010：19-21页
[18]Jonathan Corbet, Alessandro Rubini, Greg Kroab编著LINUX设备驱动程序.魏永明,耿乐,钟书毅译.第三版.中国电力出版社,2006：9页
[19]王伟,王自强,都思丹.USB设备上构建Linux系统的关键问题.电子测量技 术.2008.6(31)
[20]冯国进编著.嵌入式Linux驱动程序设计从入门到精通.第一版.清华大学出版社.2008：1页
[21]董俊宏,王瑛剑,李小珉.集成运放放大电路的噪声分析.电气电子教学学报,2006,2(28)
[22]黎听,郑宏军.集成运算放大器的选择策略与应用技术.仪表技术,2005,3
[23]宋世全.集成运算放大器的选择与使用的探讨.广州航海高等专科学校学报,2004,1(12)
[24]Altera公司.关于Cyclone II系列FPGA器件问题的探讨.电子世界,2004,9
[25]朱鹏飞.嵌入式的USB数据采集系统.微机算机信息.2009,3-2(25)
[26]范胜利.基于USB2.0的高速数据采集系统.安徽电子信息职业技术学院学报.2007,2(6)
[27]张惠民,邱选兵,魏计林.USB技术在数据采集中的应用.太原科技,2008,7
[28]夏晴,夏扬,郑伟建.基于ARM的远程数据采集系统.工业控制计算机,2008,3(21)
[29]黄万志,陈永煌.基于嵌入式Linux的远程数据采集系统.现代电子技术,2007,4
[30]金真,唐明浩,蒋琳Internet远程监控系统的嵌入式实现方法.计算机工程,2006,32(1)
[31]杨水清,张剑,施云飞编著.ARM嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解.第一版.电子工业出版社,2008： 17-18页
[32]张琦文,谢建雄,解劲心编著.ARM嵌入式常用模块与综合系统设计.第一版.电子工业出版社,2006：238-240页
[33]孙秋野,孙凯,冯健编著.ARM嵌入式系统开发典型模块.第一版.人民邮电出版社,2007,187-189页
[34]李亚锋编著.ARM嵌入式Linux设备驱动实例开发.第一版.中国电力出版社.2008：109-110页
[35]罗苑棠编著.嵌入式Linux驱动程序和系统开发实例精讲.第一版.电子工业出版社,2009：400-405页
[36]张鹏,孙世磊,刘瑞北,何明聪LINUX+ARM下的USB驱动开发.计算机工程与科学,2006,3(28)
[37]杨伟,刘强,顾新Linux下USB设备驱动研究与开发.计算机工程,2006,19(32)
[38]程晓宇,王社东.基于USB盘的嵌入式Linux系统实现.电子设计应用,2003,12
[39]三恒星科技编著.ARM9原理与应用设计.第一版.电子工业出版社.2008：18-23页
[40]李岩,韩劲松等编著.基于ARM嵌入式系统接口技术.第一版.清华大学出版社.2009：18-20页
[41]王平,施文灶,黄曦,江华丽.基于嵌入式ARM9的USB设计与实现.现代电子科技,2009,12(299)
[42]杨静,文必洋编著.基于USB2.0的雷达数据传输接口设计.微计算机信息,2008(3)：270-273页
[43]程华.嵌入式系统USB接口的研究及设计.微机算机信息.2007,11-2(23)
[44]马场清太郎著.运算放大器应用电路设计.何希才译.第一版.科学出版社.2007：135-139页
[45]HUANG Mo, LONG Teng.Design and Implementation of a High-Speed Multi-Channel Data Acquisition System. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology,2006,3(15)
[46]Wang Sen, Liu Yicheng, Ruan Xiang. A Multirate and Multi-channel Data Acquisition System Based on DSP. The Seventh International Conference on Electronic Measuement and Instruments, ICEMI'2005, P16-19
[47]Wu Jun, Zhao Yousheng, Meng Xiangyi, Liu Yuhua. Improvements of the Computerized Data Acquisition System for 25MWt Experimental Facility of Coal-fired MHD Generator. High Technology Letters,2000 1(6)
[48]Shang Zhien. Two channal high speed data acquisition system. Journal of Hebei Normal University,2001,25(2):P 179-180
[49]Zou Lin, Wang Xuegang, Qian Lu.Design and implementation of 1 GHz high speed data acquisition system. Journal of System Engineering and Electronics,2009 1(20): P55-59
[50]Zhou Xiaoxia. The test of high speed data acquisition system. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2002,3-7:P21-25
[2]梁志毅.基于ARM Linux的高速数据采集器.北京交通大学硕士学位论文.2006：4-6页
[3]陈鼐.基于ARM的嵌入式数据采集与处理系统.南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文.2007：7-8页
[4]陈平,欧阳斌林.基于ARM的数据采集系统的设计.东北农业大学学报.2008,39(4)：99-101页
[5]刘智国,张涛.基于Linux以太网的远程数据采集系统.微计算机信息,2009,25(1-2)：41-42页,79页
[6]张甜甜,王文军,陈辉.线性光耦HCNR201在模拟电压测量中的应用.PLC&FA,2009
[7]Denny Steele, Robert Kruger.在65nm Cyclone III FPGA中实现低功耗.电子设计应用,2007
[8]TLV320AIC33 Low Power Stereo Audio Codec For Portable Audio Datasheet,2006:1页
[9]ADS8326 High-Speed microPower Sampling Analog-To-Digital Converter Datasheet,2007：1页
[10]王凯FLASH存储系统数据管理算法的研究.华中科技大学硕士学位论文.2009：5-6页
[11]赵敏.基于S3C2440嵌入式Linux系统的研究与应用.湘潭大学硕士学位论文.2009：3-4页
[12]袁仁富,石中锁.嵌入式以太网控制器在工业控制中的应用.冶金自动化,2006
[13]MAX3232 Low-Power True RS-232 Transceivers Datasheet,2005
[14]LM2576 Simple Switcher 3A Step-Down Voltage Regulator Datasheet,1999
[15]陈慧,霍家道,袁瑞铭.LT1074降压转换调节器的特点及应用.应用科技.2001,8(28)
[16]甘刚编著Linux/UNIX网络编程.第一版.中国水利水电出版社.2008：12页
[17]鸟哥编著.鸟哥的Linux私房菜基础学习篇.王世江改编.第三版.人民邮电出版社,2010：19-21页
[18]Jonathan Corbet, Alessandro Rubini, Greg Kroab编著LINUX设备驱动程序.魏永明,耿乐,钟书毅译.第三版.中国电力出版社,2006：9页
[19]王伟,王自强,都思丹.USB设备上构建Linux系统的关键问题.电子测量技 术.2008.6(31)
[20]冯国进编著.嵌入式Linux驱动程序设计从入门到精通.第一版.清华大学出版社.2008：1页
[21]董俊宏,王瑛剑,李小珉.集成运放放大电路的噪声分析.电气电子教学学报,2006,2(28)
[22]黎听,郑宏军.集成运算放大器的选择策略与应用技术.仪表技术,2005,3
[23]宋世全.集成运算放大器的选择与使用的探讨.广州航海高等专科学校学报,2004,1(12)
[24]Altera公司.关于Cyclone II系列FPGA器件问题的探讨.电子世界,2004,9
[25]朱鹏飞.嵌入式的USB数据采集系统.微机算机信息.2009,3-2(25)
[26]范胜利.基于USB2.0的高速数据采集系统.安徽电子信息职业技术学院学报.2007,2(6)
[27]张惠民,邱选兵,魏计林.USB技术在数据采集中的应用.太原科技,2008,7
[28]夏晴,夏扬,郑伟建.基于ARM的远程数据采集系统.工业控制计算机,2008,3(21)
[29]黄万志,陈永煌.基于嵌入式Linux的远程数据采集系统.现代电子技术,2007,4
[30]金真,唐明浩,蒋琳Internet远程监控系统的嵌入式实现方法.计算机工程,2006,32(1)
[31]杨水清,张剑,施云飞编著.ARM嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解.第一版.电子工业出版社,2008： 17-18页
[32]张琦文,谢建雄,解劲心编著.ARM嵌入式常用模块与综合系统设计.第一版.电子工业出版社,2006：238-240页
[33]孙秋野,孙凯,冯健编著.ARM嵌入式系统开发典型模块.第一版.人民邮电出版社,2007,187-189页
[34]李亚锋编著.ARM嵌入式Linux设备驱动实例开发.第一版.中国电力出版社.2008：109-110页
[35]罗苑棠编著.嵌入式Linux驱动程序和系统开发实例精讲.第一版.电子工业出版社,2009：400-405页
[36]张鹏,孙世磊,刘瑞北,何明聪LINUX+ARM下的USB驱动开发.计算机工程与科学,2006,3(28)
[37]杨伟,刘强,顾新Linux下USB设备驱动研究与开发.计算机工程,2006,19(32)
[38]程晓宇,王社东.基于USB盘的嵌入式Linux系统实现.电子设计应用,2003,12
[39]三恒星科技编著.ARM9原理与应用设计.第一版.电子工业出版社.2008：18-23页
[40]李岩,韩劲松等编著.基于ARM嵌入式系统接口技术.第一版.清华大学出版社.2009：18-20页
[41]王平,施文灶,黄曦,江华丽.基于嵌入式ARM9的USB设计与实现.现代电子科技,2009,12(299)
[42]杨静,文必洋编著.基于USB2.0的雷达数据传输接口设计.微计算机信息,2008(3)：270-273页
[43]程华.嵌入式系统USB接口的研究及设计.微机算机信息.2007,11-2(23)
[44]马场清太郎著.运算放大器应用电路设计.何希才译.第一版.科学出版社.2007：135-139页
[45]HUANG Mo, LONG Teng.Design and Implementation of a High-Speed Multi-Channel Data Acquisition System. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology,2006,3(15)
[46]Wang Sen, Liu Yicheng, Ruan Xiang. A Multirate and Multi-channel Data Acquisition System Based on DSP. The Seventh International Conference on Electronic Measuement and Instruments, ICEMI'2005, P16-19
[47]Wu Jun, Zhao Yousheng, Meng Xiangyi, Liu Yuhua. Improvements of the Computerized Data Acquisition System for 25MWt Experimental Facility of Coal-fired MHD Generator. High Technology Letters,2000 1(6)
[48]Shang Zhien. Two channal high speed data acquisition system. Journal of Hebei Normal University,2001,25(2):P 179-180
[49]Zou Lin, Wang Xuegang, Qian Lu.Design and implementation of 1 GHz high speed data acquisition system. Journal of System Engineering and Electronics,2009 1(20): P55-59
[50]Zhou Xiaoxia. The test of high speed data acquisition system. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2002,3-7:P21-25