加减地黄饮子治疗阿尔茨海默型痴呆（AD）的临床研究
|
摘要
目的:观察加减地黄饮子治疗AD的临床疗效。
方法:采用随机、对照方法将56例观察病例随机分为治疗组加减地黄饮子30例,对照组脑复新片26例。对临床症状、神经心理学、血脂参数、血液流变学参数、自由基参数、一氧化氮参数及脑血流速度等指标进行临床观察,并将观察结果进行分析和总结。
结果:加减地黄饮子能显著改善AD患者痴呆主要症状和中医临床症状;该方通过改善MMSE、HDS、FAQ积分,显示出对神经心理学方面具有一定的作用;该方能够改善血脂,降低血清TC、LDL-C,升高HDL;该方能够降低血液粘度,对除血沉外的血液流变学各项指标均有改善作用;该方能够增强血浆SOD活性,降低血浆过氧化脂质LPO、MDA含量,调节自由基失衡,减轻自由基对脑组织的损害;该方还能够降低AD患者血浆中NO含量和NOS活性,从而减少对神经元的损伤;此外,该方还能够加快脑血流速度,增加脑血流量,改善脑循环。
结论:加减地黄饮子通过改善AD患者临床症状、降低血脂、改善血液粘度、调节自由基失衡、降低血浆中NO含量和NOS活性、加快脑血流速度,对AD有较为确切的临床疗效。
Aim: observing the clinical effect on Althemer' s disease treatment by adding or substracting the recipe of Dihuang Yinzi.Methed: we divided the 56 patients of AD into two parts by randoming and contrasting.One is treated by the recipe of Dihuang Yinzi.The other is treated by Nao fuxin.We observe these patients in symptoms,nerve psychology,blood lipid level,hemodynamic changes,free base,monoxide nitrogen and blood speed in the brain, random the results in the set and between the two sets.Result: we reach Results as follows:the recipe can improve patients symptoms and partal targets on blood lipid level and hemodynamic changes;the recipe can adjust the balance of the free-base and ligen the harm on the brain;the recipe can reduce the content of NO and the active of NOS,reduce the harm on neuron,quicken the blood speed of the brain,improve the brain cycle.Conclusions: through improving symptoms,partal targets on blood lipid level and hemodynamic changes,adjusting the balance of the free-base and ligening the harm on the brain,reducing the content of NO and the active of NOS,quickening the blood speed of the brain,we reach a conclusions as follows: the recipe of Dihuang Yinzi have exact effect on AD.
方法:采用随机、对照方法将56例观察病例随机分为治疗组加减地黄饮子30例,对照组脑复新片26例。对临床症状、神经心理学、血脂参数、血液流变学参数、自由基参数、一氧化氮参数及脑血流速度等指标进行临床观察,并将观察结果进行分析和总结。
结果:加减地黄饮子能显著改善AD患者痴呆主要症状和中医临床症状;该方通过改善MMSE、HDS、FAQ积分,显示出对神经心理学方面具有一定的作用;该方能够改善血脂,降低血清TC、LDL-C,升高HDL;该方能够降低血液粘度,对除血沉外的血液流变学各项指标均有改善作用;该方能够增强血浆SOD活性,降低血浆过氧化脂质LPO、MDA含量,调节自由基失衡,减轻自由基对脑组织的损害;该方还能够降低AD患者血浆中NO含量和NOS活性,从而减少对神经元的损伤;此外,该方还能够加快脑血流速度,增加脑血流量,改善脑循环。
结论:加减地黄饮子通过改善AD患者临床症状、降低血脂、改善血液粘度、调节自由基失衡、降低血浆中NO含量和NOS活性、加快脑血流速度,对AD有较为确切的临床疗效。
Aim: observing the clinical effect on Althemer' s disease treatment by adding or substracting the recipe of Dihuang Yinzi.Methed: we divided the 56 patients of AD into two parts by randoming and contrasting.One is treated by the recipe of Dihuang Yinzi.The other is treated by Nao fuxin.We observe these patients in symptoms,nerve psychology,blood lipid level,hemodynamic changes,free base,monoxide nitrogen and blood speed in the brain, random the results in the set and between the two sets.Result: we reach Results as follows:the recipe can improve patients symptoms and partal targets on blood lipid level and hemodynamic changes;the recipe can adjust the balance of the free-base and ligen the harm on the brain;the recipe can reduce the content of NO and the active of NOS,reduce the harm on neuron,quicken the blood speed of the brain,improve the brain cycle.Conclusions: through improving symptoms,partal targets on blood lipid level and hemodynamic changes,adjusting the balance of the free-base and ligening the harm on the brain,reducing the content of NO and the active of NOS,quickening the blood speed of the brain,we reach a conclusions as follows: the recipe of Dihuang Yinzi have exact effect on AD.
引文
[1] 黄宝康,郑汉臣.补肾中药防治老年痴呆症研究进展[J].时珍国医国药,2003,23(1):32-34.
[2] 盛树力,郑礼耀,裴进京,等.老年性痴呆:从分子生物学到临床诊治.北京:科学技术文献出版社,1998,第1版:126.
[3] Cummings J.L, Cole G. Alzheimer's diease. JAMA, 2002, 287: 2335-2338.
[4] Lopo A, LaunerLJ, FratiglioniL, et al. Prevalence of dementia and major subtypes in Europe: A collaborative study of population-based cohorts. Neurologic Dieases in the Elderly Research Groupe. Neurology, 2000, 54 11 Suppi5: S4-9.
[5] 张振馨,魏镜,洪霞,等.北京市城乡痴呆及其主要亚型的患病率.中华神经科杂志,2001,34:199-203.
[6] 周玢,洪震,曾军,等.Alzheimer's病和血管性痴呆特征的比较研究.中国临床神经科学,2002,10:13-15.
[7] Nikolaus Seiler. Neurochemistry international, 2002, 41: 189-207.
[8] Hall KS, Gao S, Unverzagt FW, et al. Low education and childhood rural residence: risk for Alzheimer's diease in African Americans. Neurology, 2000, 54: 95-99.
[9] Tyas SL, Manfreda J, Strain LA, et al. Risk factors for Alzheimer's diease: a population-based, longitudinal study in Manitoba. Canada. Int J Epidemiol, 2001, 30: 590-597.
[10] Helmer C, LetenneurL, Rouch I, et al. Occupation during life and risk of dementia in French elderly community residents. J Neurol Neuroosurg Psychiatry, 2001, 71: 303-309.
[11] Lye TC, Shores EA. Traumatic brain injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer's diease: a review. Neuropsychol Rev, 2000, 10: 115-129.
[12] Paganini-H ill A, Henderson VW. Estrogen deficiency and risl of Alzheimer's diease in women. Am J Epidemiol. 1994, 140: 256-261.
[13] Hillen T, Lun A, Reischies FM, et al. DHEA-S plasma levels and incidence of Alzheimer's diease. Bid Psychiatry, 2000, 47: 161-163.
[14] 姚佳红,李辉,张振馨,等.阿尔茨海默病与家族史病例对照研究.中华流行病学杂志,2002,23:54-56.
[15] Devi G, Ottman R, Tang MX, et al. Familial aggragation of Alzheimers among whites, Africian Americans, and Caribbean Hispanics in northem Manhattan. Arch Neurol, 2000, 57: 72-77.
[16] Breteler MM. Vascular risk factors for Alzheimer's diease: an epidem iologic perspective. Neurobiol Aging, 2000, 21: 153-160.
[17] Czyzewski K, Pfeffer A, Wasiak B, et al. Vascular risk factors in demented elderly: analysis of Alzheimer Clinic materials. Neurol Neurochir Pol, 2001, 35: 405-413.
[18] RichardsSS, Emsley CL, roberts J, et al. The association between vascular risk factor-mediating medications and cognition and dementia diagnosis in a community-based sample of African-Americacs. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2000, 48: 1035-1041.
[19] Moceri VM, Kukull WA, emanual Ⅰ, et al. Usingcesus data and birth certificates to reconstruct the early-life socio-economic environment and the relstion to the development of Alzheimer's diease. Epidem iology, 2001, 12: 383-389.
[20] Fabrigoule C, Letenneur L, Dantiguas JF, et al. Social and leisure activities and risk of dementia: a prospective longitudinal study. J Am Geratr Soc, 1995, 43: 485-490.
[21] Friedland PR, Fritrsch T, Smyth KA, et al. Patients with Alzheimer's diease have reduced activities in midlife compared with healty control-group members. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2001, 98: 3440-3445.
[22] Kaplan GA, Turrel G, Lynch JW, et al. Childhood socioeconomic position and cognitive function in adulthhood. Int L Epidem, 20014,, 30: 256-263.
[23] Moceri VM, Kukull WA, emanuel I, et al. Early-life rusk factors and the development of Alzheimer's diease. Neuroloy, 2000, 54: 415-420.
[24] Bozoki A, Giordani B, Heidebrink JL, et al. Mild cognitive imperiments predict dementia in nondementia elderly patients with memory loss. Arch Neurol, 2001, 58: 411-416.
[25] Moriss JS, Storandt M, Miller JP, et al. Mild cognitive impairment represents early-stage Alzheimer's diease. Arch Neurol, 2001, 58: 397-405.
[26] Michiel A, Boss. Biochimca et biophysica acta. 2000, 1502: 188-200.
[27] Christian Schaneich, Dariusz Pogocki, Cordon L. Hug, Krzysztof Bobrowski. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125 (45): 13700-13713.
[28] Brian J. Tabner, Sturat Turnbull, Omar M. A. EI-Agnaf, David Allsop. Free radicall biology & Medicine, 2002, 32 (11): 1076-1083.
[29] Maslian E, Sisk A, Mallory M, et, al. J. Neurothol Expl Neurol, 2001, 60 (4): 357-368.
[30] Jin G, Sheng, Donald L, Price, Vassilis E. Koloatsos. Experimental Neurology, 2003, 184: 1053-1057.
[31] Vito P, Wolozin B, Ganjei JK, et al. J. Biol Chem, 1996, 49: 31025-31028.
[32] Kristal Sleegers, Tom den Heijer, Ewoud J. Van Dijk, Albert Hofman, et al. Neurobiology of Aging, 2005, in press.
[33] David A. Arema, Shunsuke Meshitsuka. Brian research, 2005, 1031: 284-296.
[34] Masahiro Kawahara, Midori Kato, Yoichiro Kuroda. Brain research bulletin, 2001, 55(2): 211-217.
[35] Gui-Wen Guo, You-Xin Liang. Brain research, 2001, 888: 221-226.
[36] Kaj Blennow, Harald Hampel. Ihe Lancet Neurology, 2003, 2: 605-613.
[37] Khalid Iqbal, Alejandra del C. Alonso, She Chen, M. Omar Chohan, et al. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2005, 1739: 198-210.
[38] Barghorn S, Zheng-Fischhofer Q, Ackmann M, et al. Biochemistry, 2000, 39: 11714-11721.
[39] S. Yasar, M. Corrada, R. Brookmeyer, C. Kawas. Neurobiology of Aging, 2005, 26: 157-163.
[40] Bruce L, Kagan, Yutaka Hirakura, Rustam Azimov, Rushana Azimova, et al. Peptides, 2002, 23: 1311-1315.
[41] Gao S J, Hendrie HC, Hall KS, et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1998, 55: 809-810.
[42] Hideo Hon jo, Koichi Iwasa, Mtsuhiro Kawata, Shinji Fushiki, et al. Journal of Steriod Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 2005, in press.
[43] Howard L, Weiner, Dennis J. Selkoe. Nature, 2002, 420: 879-884.
[44] Ehab E, Tuppo, Ⅱugo R. Ayias. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Biology, 2005, 37: 289-305.
[45] Phinney All Abromowski K, Sturchler-pierrat C, et al. J Neurosci, 2002, Apr 15, 22(8): 3234-3243.
[46] T. Rees, RI. Hammond, H. Soreq, S. Younkin, S. Brimijoin. Neurobiology of aging, 2003, 24: 777-787.
[47] S. M. N. Efange E. M. Garland, J.K. Staley, A.B. Khare, et al. Neurobiology of aging, 1997, 18(4): 407-413.
[48] Bruce L. Kagan, Yutaka Hirakura, Russtam Azimov, Rushana Azimova, et al. Peptides, 2002.23: 1311-1315.
[49] Cragie S. Atwood, Mark E. Obrenovich, Tianbing Liu, Hsien Chan, et al. Brian research reviews, 2003 (43): 1-16.
[50] Jenny Apelt, Ashok Kumar, Reinhard Schliebs. Brain research, 2002, 953: 17-30.
[51] Niels Andreasen, Kaj Blennow. Peptides, 2002, 23: 1205-1214.
[52] Masuo Ohno, Evgeny A. Sametsky, Linda H. Younkin, Holly Oakley, et al. Neuron, 2004, 41: 27-33.
[53] Marco Duering, Marcus O. W. Grimm, Johannes Sch6der, Tobias Hartmann. Neurobiology of Aging, 2005, 26: 785-788.
[54] W.K. Klein, W.B. Stine Jr, D.B. Teplow. Neurobiology of aging, 2004, 25: 569-580.
[55] Simpkins JW, Green P, Gridley KE, et al. Role of esteogen replacement therapy in memory enhancement and prenvention of neuronal loss associated with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Am J Med, 1997, 103: 19-25.
[56] Wolson C, Perrault A, Moride Y, et al. A case-control analysis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Alzheimer's disease[J]. Neuro- epidemiology, 2002, 21: 81-86.
[57] Schneider LS, Farlow MR, Henderson VW, et al. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Neurology, 1996, 46(6): 1580-1584.
[58] Ohkura T, Isse K, Akazawa K, et al. Evaluation of estrogen tretment in femal patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type[J]. Endocr J. 1994, 41(4): 361-371.
[59] 章鸣.NSAID能降低AD风险[J].国外药讯,2002,22(3):10.
[60] Le-Bars PL, Katz MM, Berman N, et al. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of an extract of Ginkgo biloba for dementia[J]. JAMA, 1997, 278 (16) 1327-1332.
[61] Gozes I, Neuroprotective peptide drug delivery and development: potential new therapeutics[J]. Trends Neurosci, 2001, 24 (12): 700-705.
[62] 严镭,吴森,王树声,等.茶多酚对老年性痴呆早期防治的研究[J].浙江中西医结合杂志,2001,9(11):538-540.
[63] Schneider LS, Olin JT. Overview of clinical trails of hydergine in demential[J]. Arch Neurol, 1994, 51 (8): 787-798.
[64] Palmer AM. Pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's disease: progress and prospect. Trends Pharmacol Sci, 2002, 23: 426-433.
[65] Rogers SL, Friedhoff LT. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of denepezil HCI following single Oral dose[J]. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 1998, 46[SuppI 1]: 13-18.
[66] Rosier M, Anand R, Cicin-Sain A, et al. Efficacy and safety of rivasigmine in patients with Alzheimer s disease: international randomized controlled trial[J]. BMJ, 1999, 318 (7184): 633-638.
[67] Grutzendler J, Morris JC. Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease[J]. Drugs, 2001, 61(1): 41-52.
[68] 李永坤,朱远贵,陈晓春,等.M1受体激动剂治疗阿尔茨海默病的分子机制[J].老年医学与保健,2004,10(1):59-62.
[69] Rother M, Erkinjuntti T, RoessnerM, et al. Propentofyllin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia[J]. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 1998, 9[suppl]: 36-43.
[70] Farlow MR, Tariot PN, Grossberg GT, et al. Memantine/donepzil dual therapyis superior to placebo/donepezil therapy for treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease[J]. Neurology, 2003, 60[supll 1]: A412.
[71] Brainard GC, Hanifin JP. Greeson JM, et al. Action spectrum for melatonin regulation in humans: evidence for anovel circadian photoreceptor[J]. J Neurosci, 2001, 21(16): 6405-6412.
[72] 刘欣,陈敏.Alzheimer's病研究新进展[J].医学综述,2001,7(4):224-256.
[73] Hendriksen JV, Nottet HS, Smits HA. Secretases as targets for drug design in Alzheimer's disease[J]. Eur J Clin Invest, 2002, 32(1): 60.
[74] Hock C, Konietzko U, Papassotiropoulos A, et al. Generation of antibodies spexific for β-amyloid by vaccination of patients with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Nat Med, 2002, 8(11): 1270-1275.
[75] Atwood CS, Scarpa RC, Huang X, et al. Characterization of copper interactions with Altheimer A β peptides-ldentification of an attomolar affinity copper blinding site on A β 1-42[J]. J Neurochem, 2000, 75: 1219-1233.
[76] Cherny RA, Legg JT, Cleam CA, et al. Aqueous dissolution of Alzheimer's disease A β amyloid deposites by biometal depletion[J]. J Biol Chem, 1999, 274: 23223-23228.
[77] Cherny RA, Atwood CS, Xilinas M, et al. Treatment with a cooper-zinc chelator markedly and rapidly inhibits β amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's diseasetransgenic mice[J]. Neuron, 2001, 30: 665-676.
[78] Fassbender K, Simons M, Bergmann C, et al. Simvastition strongly reduces levels of Alzheimer's disease amloid peptides A β 42[J]. Natl Acad Sci, 2001, 98: 5856-5861.
[79] Martin A, Alonso M, Castro A, et al. First non-ATP competitive glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3 β) inhibitors as potential drugs for the tretment of Alzheimer's disease[J]. J Med Chem, 2002, 45: 1292-1299.
[80] 何建成,浦斌红.论阴中求阳是老年性痴呆的基本治法[J].辽宁中医杂志,2000,27(11):485-486.
[81] 杨柏灿,林水淼,刘仁人,等.老年性痴呆的中医病因病机探讨[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,1999,5(1):5.
[82] 田金洲,杨承芝,盛彤,等.可疑痴呆人群中阿尔茨海姆氏病临床前的认知损害及其与中医症候的关[J].湖北中医杂志1999,11(4):49.
[83] 傅仁杰.老年痴呆的诊断、辨证分型及疗效评定标准(讨论稿)[J].中医杂志,1991,12(2):56.
[84] 蔡春华.加味左归丸治疗肝肾阴虚型老年痴呆31例[J].江苏中医,1994,11(3):9.
[85] 尚炽留,蒋士娜,张尚志,等.地黄饮子加味治疗髓海不足型老年呆病临床报道[J].中国医药学报,1996,12(5):36-38.
[86] 王宏献.地黄饮子加减治疗老年性痴呆50例[J].北京中医,1998,20(1):13.
[87] 周超凡,于智敏.补肾添精法治疗老年性痴呆理论与临床[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,1997,3(2):15-16.
[88] 王德华,黄霞,杜淑华,等.愚聪汤治疗老年痴呆的临床研究[J].中医杂志,1997,38(4):218.
[89] 尚炽昌.地黄饮子加味治疗髓海不足型老年痴呆的临床报道[J].中医药学报,1996,11(5):36.
[90] 廖方正,陈建京,赵学军,等.补肾活血法治疗老年性痴呆61例临床观察[J].成都中医药大学学报,1996,19(40):17-18.
[91] 董桂英,赵世珂,郭立华,等.补肾活血法治疗老年期痴呆临床观察[J].中医药研究,1997,13(5):13.
[92] 阎勤.滋肾活血汤治疗老年性痴呆64例[J].陕西中医,1998,19(1):15.
[93] 戴维葆,刘丰华.生精益智散治疗脑萎缩[J].中国中医药信息,1997,4(12):29.
[94] 孙继铭.益肾豁痰汤治疗早老性痴呆[J].新中医,1992,24(11):56.
[95] 多秀瀛.复智汤加头针治疗老年痴呆54例[J].浙江中医杂志,1998,33(6):253.
[96] 余恒旺.补肾活血化瘀治疗老年性痴呆32例[J].新中医,1997,29(5):53.
[97] 谢美玲.补肾活血化瘀法治疗老年性痴呆40例[J].新中医,1997,29(11)60.
[98] 何华.补肾活血化瘀法治疗老年性痴呆初探[J].实用中西医结合杂志,1997,10(13):127-129.
[99] 马怡,徐秋萍.中药抗成年后痴呆的实验药理研究概况[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,1997,3(1):24.
[100] 周小青,张秋雁,谭达权,等.菖龙丹治疗老年期痴呆35例.湖北中医杂志,1999,15(5):26-27.
[101] 王永炎.老年性痴呆辨治[J].中国医药学报,1994,9(2):49.
[102] 彭荫.补肾开窍汤治疗老年痴呆16例[J].湖北中医杂志,1997,13(5):13.
[103] 王灿晖,刘涛,杨进,等.滋肾通窍法对血管性痴呆患者精神量表评定的观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1999,19(7):405-406.
[104] 施海.健脑化瘀汤治疗老年期痴呆69例[J].上海中医药杂志,1997,12(11):12.
[105] 阎乐法,刘百波,李义法,等.呆聪汤治疗老年性痴呆临床研究[J].山东中医杂志,1997,16(1):449
[106] 陆小左,王秀莲,林云,等.抗痴呆一号治疗老年人脑功能不全的临床观察[J].天津中医,2002,19(5):13-15.
[107] 林水淼,王健,周如倩,等.从心肾论治阿尔茨海默病的临床研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(8):583-586.
[108] 陆小左,王秀莲,林云,等.抗痴呆一号治疗老年人脑功能不全的临床观察[J].天津中医,2002,19,(5):13-15.
[109] 林水淼,王健,周如倩,等.从心肾论治阿尔茨海默病的临床研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(8):583-586.
[110] 王振龙.醒脑开窍加体针治疗老年性痴呆[J].针灸临床杂志,1997,13(9):16.
[111] 杨子江.多针透刺治疗老年性痴呆症[J].针灸临床杂志,1995,11(3):34.
[112] 蒋永春,李风文,张立石,等.补肾活血方对衰老小鼠学习记忆功能的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,1998,4(3):133-135.
[113] 刘焯,郭振武,张君,等.智康口服液治疗智能落后的临床与实验研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1996,16(2):74-77.
[114] 陈金星.寿尔智防治老年性痴呆的实验研究[J].湖北中医杂志,1997,19(1):53-54.
[115] 黄兆胜,刘明年,陈长洲,等.养寿丹改善学习记忆功能的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1997,17(9):553-556.
[116] 赖世龙,胡镜清,王奇,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆功能保护作用的观察[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):106-108.
[117] 陈立燕,付宝忠,田国金,等.痴呆灵口服液对老龄小鼠脑内Ach含量影响[J].黑龙江医药,1995,8(4):195-197.
[118] 左萍萍,刘娜,雒蓬轶,等.还少丹的脑保护机制研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1997,17(7):420-422.
[119] 周文泉,刘华.中西医结合延缓衰老的研究近况及展望[J].中国中医药信息,1997,4(8):9.
[120] 黄玉芳,卞慧敏,郭海英,等.开心散对老年大鼠记忆和单胺类神经递质的影响[J].中华老年医学杂志,1998,17(3):154-157.
[121] 陈勤,粱启勇,孙备,等.智力王对小鼠学习记忆及脑内单胺类递质的影响[J].中药药理与临床,1996,12(6):30-32.
[122] 黄青,刘燕池,陈裕明,等.益聪方与增智方对老年痴呆模型作用的研究[J].北京中 医药大学学报,1996,19(5):58-60.
[123] 张化彪,张学文.健脑益智汤和益肾通窍汤对老年性痴呆作用机制的实验研究[J].湖南中医学院学报,2002,22(1):25-28.
[124] 宋前流,宗瑞义.参归合剂抗痴呆作用与谷氨酸的关系[J].中成药,1995,17(6):28-30.
[125] Beal M. Somatostatin in neurodegeaerative illness[J]. Metabolism, 1990, 39:116.
[126] Matsucka N, Kaneko S, Satoh M. Somatostatin augment long-term potentiation of the mossy fiber-CA3 system in guinea pig hippocampal slice[J]. Brain Res, 1991, 553:188.
[127] 饶燕,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年痴呆大鼠突触传递长时程增强的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):109-122.
[128] 胡镜清,王奇,梁雄伟,等.补肾益智方对Alzheimer病模型大鼠脑内生长抑素及其mRNA表达阳性神经元的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2000,20(7):553.
[129] 张魁华,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆模型大鼠海马结构生长抑素神经元的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2001,18(1):25-29.
[130] 宁炼,戴向东,毛平,等.心智合剂对痴呆及记忆障碍模型动物的实验研究[J].中成药,1996,18(1):32.
[131] 刘淅伟.金匮肾气丸改善老年SOD、LPO等衰老指标的观察[J].新中医,1996,28(11):59.
[132] 岳南,朱振泽.益智合剂对D-半乳糖致衰模型大鼠学习记忆作用实验研究[J].山东中医杂志,2002,21(10):615-617.
[133] 贺运河,陆懋宣,朱冰梅,等.补肾调肝方对老龄小鼠脂褐素含量的影响[J].湖南中医学院学报,1998,18(3):18-19.
[134] 周亚滨,杨华生,肖洪彬,等.补肾活血、豁痰开窍法组方对老年性痴呆动物模型组织ATP酶的影响[J].中医药学报,2000,8(2):70-71.
[135] 尹兆宝,王健,周如倩,等.补肾方对老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆和细胞因子的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2000,10(1):33-34.
[136] 钱亦华,胡海涛,杨杰,等.中药续断对Alzheimer病模型大鼠脑内淀粉样蛋白沉积的作用[J].神经解剖学杂志,1997,13(增刊):238.
[137] 胡海涛,钱亦华,杨杰,等.中药续断对Alzheimer病模型大鼠学习记忆和海马淀粉样前体蛋白表达的影响[J].神经解剖学杂志,1997,13(增刊):238.
[138] 江黎明,李志明,韩宝铬,等.神经生长因子受体活性中草药及其成分的筛选[J].中 草药,1994,25(2):79-81.
[139] 黄丽萍,黄敬耀.中药抗老年性痴呆作用研究进展[J].江西中医学院学报,1997,19(1):39.
[140] 宫斌,杨文刚,王倩,等.补肾中药延缓脑组织衰老的实验研究[J].中国中医药信息杂志,1999,6(10):22-24.
[141] Zhoujianzheng, Zhangyongxiang, Zhoujinhuang, et al. Effect of Liuweidihuang Decoction (六味地黄汤) on Long Term Potentiation in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus in Rats[J]. CJIM, 1999, 5(3): 209-213.
[142] 饶燕,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠突触传递长时程增强的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):109-112.
[143] 杨胜,张永祥.六味地黄汤含药血清对大鼠海马神经元电压门控离子通道的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2002,18(4):1.
[144] 周建政,张永祥,周金黄,等.六味地黄汤对快速老化模型小鼠(SAM)学习记忆能力的改善作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,1999,5(4):29-33.
[145] 魏小龙.海马学习记忆功能有关基因及六味地黄汤益智作用与基因表达关系的研究[J].生理科学进展,2000,31(3):227-230.
[146] 莫启忠,马骏,宫斌,等.补肾中药对拟痴呆小鼠胆碱能M-受体功能及胆碱酯酶活性的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1996,16(2):99-101.
[147] 赵长安,李恩,赵京山,等.补肾填精方对阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆行为的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2002,8(6):33-35.
[148] 赵刚,蔡定芳,陈伟华,等.左归丸对老龄大鼠海马糖皮质激素受体位点及其基因表达的影响[J].复旦学报(医学版),2002,29(5):357-360.
[149] 赵刚,蔡定芳,范钰,等.左归丸对老龄大鼠大脑皮质8-羟基脱氧鸟苷酸的调节作用[J].复旦学报(医学版),2002,29(3):208-210.
[150] 沈自尹.从肾本质研究到证本质研究的思考与实践[J].上海中医药杂志,2000,4:4-7.
[151] Kawas C, Resnick S, Morrison A, et al. A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer' s disease: The Baltimore longitudinal study of aging [J]. Neurology, 1997, 48: 1 517-1 521.
[152] Tang MX, Jacobs D, Sterm Y, et al. Effect of oestrogen during mencpause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer' s disease [J]. Lancet, 1998, 348(9 025): 429-432.
[153] 秦路平,石汗生,王洪彬,等.蛇床子香豆素对肾阳虚模型大鼠学习记忆和神经肽的影响[J].第二军医大学学报,1997,18(2):147-149.
[154] 周乐全,丁胜元,罗荣敬,等.阴虚对老年模型大鼠学习记忆的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2001,18(1):57-59.
[155] Khachaturian ZS. The prospest of developing treatment for Alzheimer' s disease. Jery RP. Alzheimer' s disease[M]. New York: Paven Press, 1994. 445-450.
[156] 王平,张六通.中医五神脏理论与老年痴呆发病机制探讨.中国中医基础医学杂志,1999;5(10):10.
[157] 马浩中.血瘀证客观化研究[J].长春中医学院学报.1997,13(3):63.
[158] 马宗化.痰证特征、实质及辨治[J].安徽中医学院学报.2001,20(5):14.
[159] 陈银玲.从现代研究论“痰瘀同源”[J].内蒙古中医药.1994,(2):53.
[160] 周瑕莆,宋剑南,王宇辉,等.痰瘀同治对实验性高脂血症大鼠的血管内皮的保护作用[J].中国中医基础医学杂志.1997,3(4):26.
[161] 王玉来.中风急症证候分析[J].中国中医急症.1995,4(2):75.
[162] 曹洪欣,张华敏.痰瘀互结与冠心病发病机理辨识[J].中医药学刊.2001,19(6):544.
[163] 艾化,谭素娟,肇隆起,等.痰瘀同治论[J].中国中医基础医学杂志.1999,5(5):14.
[164] 程趼.中医基础理论研究进展.广州:华南理工大学出版社,1990:148.
[165] 赖世隆,胡镜清,王奇,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力保护作用的观察.广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):106-108.
[166] 饶燕,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠突出传递LTP的影响.广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):109-112.
[167] 李斌,李林,张丽,等.补肾健脑1号对小鼠学习记忆及抗疲劳能力的影响.中国中药杂志,1999,24(2):104-106.
[168] 田国庆,郭赛珊,卢贺起,等.补肾活血方对缺血再灌注脑损伤小鼠学习记忆功能及海马神经细胞凋亡的影响.中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(2):123-127.
[169] 赵志炜,王蓬文,宋丽娜,等.救脑益智对半乳糖老化小鼠海马神经元损伤的保护作用.首都医科大学学报,2003,24(1)23-26.
[170] 王学美,富宏,刘庚信,等.加味五子衍宗丸颗粒治疗轻度认知障碍的临床研究.中国中西医结合杂志,2004,24(5):392-395.
[171] 傅仁杰执笔.老年呆病的诊断、辨证分型及疗效评定标准.中医杂志,1991:(2):56.
[172] 谢鸣,白晶.地黄饮子对东莨菪碱所致小鼠记忆损伤模型的改善作用.中国实验方剂学杂志,2001,7(6):17-18.
[173] 封银曼.氯化铝诱导痴呆小鼠模型的学习记忆及脑组织中单胺氧化酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响.山东中医杂志,2002,21(11):26-29.
[174] 谢宁,宋琳,牛英才,等.加减地黄饮子对Aβ1-40所致AD大鼠学习记忆及抗氧化作用的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志2005,(12):43
[175] 谢宁,牛英才,宋琳,等.加减地黄饮子对Aβ1-40所致痴呆大鼠学习记忆、脑酶活性的影响[J].中医药信息,2004,21(2):57～58
[176] 谢宁,周妍妍,何秀丽,等.地黄饮子对老年性痴呆模型大鼠行为学及酶学的影响.中西医结合心血管病杂志,2003,11(1):650-652.
[177] 谢宁,柳琳,周妍妍,等.地黄饮子对老年性痴呆模型大鼠脑组织NO、NOS含量及行为学的的影响.中国中医药科技,2004,11(2)84-85
[178] 谢宁,何秀丽,周妍妍,等.地黄饮子对老年痴呆模型大鼠行为学、AchE及Na+K+-ATP、Ca2+-ATP酶活性的影响.中医药学刊,2004,22(7):1162-1163
[179] 谢宁,邹纯朴,高长玉,等.地黄饮子对海马神经元损伤即早基因c-jun和c-fos表达的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2004,10(6):27～29
[180] 邹纯朴,谢宁,宋诚挚,等.地黄饮子含药脑脊液对海马神经元损伤的影响[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,20(1):1～3
[181] 黄霞,庆慧,王惠森,等.熟地黄及其提取物对小鼠外周血象的比较研究[J].中成药,2002,24(2):111-113.
[182] 张鹏霞,曲凤玉,欧芹,等.熟地黄对衰老模型小鼠脑组织NOS、NO、SOD和LPO的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,1999,19(5):174-176.
[183] 崔瑛.熟地黄对损毁下丘脑弓状核大鼠学习记忆及海马C-ofs,NGF表达的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2003,28(4):362-365.
[184] 何丽云,孙塑伦,范吉平,等.参麦注射液对神经细胞凋亡及胞浆钙变化的影响.中国中西医结合杂志,2001;21(8):605.
[185] 施红,黄玲,刘少毅,等.石斛五味子对家兔4项衰老指标影响的对比研究.福建中医学院学报,1993,3(4):221.
[186] 刘忠民,陈练,董加喜,等.兔脑缺氧-复缺氧损伤与五味子提取液的保护作用。中草药,1996,27(6):355.
[187] 张兰杰.药物生物技术,1997,4(1):45.
[188] 李莉,吴若鉥.五味子酚对氧自由基损伤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的保护作用。药学学报,1997,32(3):178.
[189] 李莉,刘耕陶.五味子酚对氧自由基引起大鼠脑突触体和线粒体损伤的保护作用。药学学报,1998,33(2):81.
[190] 朱志明,周永生,欧阳剑虹,等.治疗老年期痴呆46个复方的药物分析。湖南中医杂志,2001,17(1):60-61.
[191] 臧连碧,郑怡建.山茱萸抗老实验研究.浙江中医学院学报,1993,17(5):34.
[192] 中华人民共和国卫生部药政管理局,中国药品生物制品检定所.[M].现代实用本草(中册),北京:人民卫生出版社,第1版,2000:513.
[193] 李琳琳,王晓雯,王雪飞,等.肉苁蓉总甙的抗脂质过氧化作用及抗辐射作用.[J].中国中药杂志.1997,22(6):364-367.
[194] 谢继红,高集馥,王瑜,等.肉苁蓉乙醇提取物对大鼠脑中单胺类神经递质含最的影响.[J].中草药.1993,24(8):417-419.
[195] 陈名道,祁安,陈家伦,等.助阳药对可的松大鼠模型下丘脑单胺类神经递质作用的研究,[J].中西医结合杂志.1990,10(5):292-294.
[196] 谭宝旋,苏文.巴戟素对衰老大鼠空间学习记忆力的改善作用[J].中药新药与临床药理,2000,11(2):95-97.
[197] 周大兴,林乾良.石菖蒲对小鼠学习记忆的促进作用[J].中草药,1992,23(8):417.
[198] 唐洪梅,李锐,周莉玲,等.石菖蒲对中枢神经系统作用研究进展[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,(2):21-24.
[199] 徐江平,杨雪梅.中草药活性成分防治阿尔采末病的研究进展[J].第一军医大学学报,2001,1:23-25.
[200] 安文林,张兰,李雅莉,等.茯苓水提液对叠氮钠致原代培养的新生大鼠海马神经细胞线粒体损伤的影响.中国药学杂志,2001;36(7):450.
[201] 高应斗,赵忠保,杨桂芬,等.血竭对血液流变性及血小板聚集功能的影响.山西医药杂志,1983,12(4):193.
[202] 高应斗,赵忠保,杨桂芬,等.血竭抗血栓及其作用机理的研究.山两医药杂志,1984,13(2):75.
[203] 高应斗,赵忠保,李伯阳,等.两种血竭对防止血栓形成及血液流变学的比较.山西医 药杂志,1987,16(4):230.
[204] 陈依军,谭唯杰,钱曾年,等.珍珠粉抗衰老作用的实验研究.老年学杂志,1988,8(2):109.
[205] 陈依军,胡天喜,陈秀武,等.化学发光分析法研究珍珠卟啉类化合物抗自由基的作用.老年学杂志,1988,8(5):298.
[206] 赖新生,王黎,江雪华,等.电针对实验性血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆及SOD和MDA的影响[J].中国针灸,2000,4(8):497-499.
[207] 李艳惠,郑凉,庄礼兴,等.针灸中药对血管性痴呆血过氧化脂质和抗氧化酶的影响[J].中国针灸,1999,3(11):691-693.
[208] 丁新,刘宗惠.脑损伤和脑水肿的氧自由基作用和超氧化物歧化酶的治疗作用[J].国外医学神经外科学分册,1994,21(3):128-131.
[209] 李求兵,梅嵘.老年性痴呆的中西医诊断与治疗.北京:中国医药科技出版社,1999,14.
[210] 李文彬.AD型痴呆发病的ABC学说.解放军总医院老年医学研究所,1998.
[211] 朱丽江.抗自由基中草药的研究进展.中国中医药信息杂志,1998,5(12):11-13.
[212] 宫斌.补肾中药延缓脑组织衰老的实验研究进展.中国中医药信息杂志,1999,6(10):22-24.
[213] 张姿英.内皮素和一氧化氮与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的研究.中华儿科杂志,1999,37(6):362.
[2] 盛树力,郑礼耀,裴进京,等.老年性痴呆:从分子生物学到临床诊治.北京:科学技术文献出版社,1998,第1版:126.
[3] Cummings J.L, Cole G. Alzheimer's diease. JAMA, 2002, 287: 2335-2338.
[4] Lopo A, LaunerLJ, FratiglioniL, et al. Prevalence of dementia and major subtypes in Europe: A collaborative study of population-based cohorts. Neurologic Dieases in the Elderly Research Groupe. Neurology, 2000, 54 11 Suppi5: S4-9.
[5] 张振馨,魏镜,洪霞,等.北京市城乡痴呆及其主要亚型的患病率.中华神经科杂志,2001,34:199-203.
[6] 周玢,洪震,曾军,等.Alzheimer's病和血管性痴呆特征的比较研究.中国临床神经科学,2002,10:13-15.
[7] Nikolaus Seiler. Neurochemistry international, 2002, 41: 189-207.
[8] Hall KS, Gao S, Unverzagt FW, et al. Low education and childhood rural residence: risk for Alzheimer's diease in African Americans. Neurology, 2000, 54: 95-99.
[9] Tyas SL, Manfreda J, Strain LA, et al. Risk factors for Alzheimer's diease: a population-based, longitudinal study in Manitoba. Canada. Int J Epidemiol, 2001, 30: 590-597.
[10] Helmer C, LetenneurL, Rouch I, et al. Occupation during life and risk of dementia in French elderly community residents. J Neurol Neuroosurg Psychiatry, 2001, 71: 303-309.
[11] Lye TC, Shores EA. Traumatic brain injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer's diease: a review. Neuropsychol Rev, 2000, 10: 115-129.
[12] Paganini-H ill A, Henderson VW. Estrogen deficiency and risl of Alzheimer's diease in women. Am J Epidemiol. 1994, 140: 256-261.
[13] Hillen T, Lun A, Reischies FM, et al. DHEA-S plasma levels and incidence of Alzheimer's diease. Bid Psychiatry, 2000, 47: 161-163.
[14] 姚佳红,李辉,张振馨,等.阿尔茨海默病与家族史病例对照研究.中华流行病学杂志,2002,23:54-56.
[15] Devi G, Ottman R, Tang MX, et al. Familial aggragation of Alzheimers among whites, Africian Americans, and Caribbean Hispanics in northem Manhattan. Arch Neurol, 2000, 57: 72-77.
[16] Breteler MM. Vascular risk factors for Alzheimer's diease: an epidem iologic perspective. Neurobiol Aging, 2000, 21: 153-160.
[17] Czyzewski K, Pfeffer A, Wasiak B, et al. Vascular risk factors in demented elderly: analysis of Alzheimer Clinic materials. Neurol Neurochir Pol, 2001, 35: 405-413.
[18] RichardsSS, Emsley CL, roberts J, et al. The association between vascular risk factor-mediating medications and cognition and dementia diagnosis in a community-based sample of African-Americacs. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2000, 48: 1035-1041.
[19] Moceri VM, Kukull WA, emanual Ⅰ, et al. Usingcesus data and birth certificates to reconstruct the early-life socio-economic environment and the relstion to the development of Alzheimer's diease. Epidem iology, 2001, 12: 383-389.
[20] Fabrigoule C, Letenneur L, Dantiguas JF, et al. Social and leisure activities and risk of dementia: a prospective longitudinal study. J Am Geratr Soc, 1995, 43: 485-490.
[21] Friedland PR, Fritrsch T, Smyth KA, et al. Patients with Alzheimer's diease have reduced activities in midlife compared with healty control-group members. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2001, 98: 3440-3445.
[22] Kaplan GA, Turrel G, Lynch JW, et al. Childhood socioeconomic position and cognitive function in adulthhood. Int L Epidem, 20014,, 30: 256-263.
[23] Moceri VM, Kukull WA, emanuel I, et al. Early-life rusk factors and the development of Alzheimer's diease. Neuroloy, 2000, 54: 415-420.
[24] Bozoki A, Giordani B, Heidebrink JL, et al. Mild cognitive imperiments predict dementia in nondementia elderly patients with memory loss. Arch Neurol, 2001, 58: 411-416.
[25] Moriss JS, Storandt M, Miller JP, et al. Mild cognitive impairment represents early-stage Alzheimer's diease. Arch Neurol, 2001, 58: 397-405.
[26] Michiel A, Boss. Biochimca et biophysica acta. 2000, 1502: 188-200.
[27] Christian Schaneich, Dariusz Pogocki, Cordon L. Hug, Krzysztof Bobrowski. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125 (45): 13700-13713.
[28] Brian J. Tabner, Sturat Turnbull, Omar M. A. EI-Agnaf, David Allsop. Free radicall biology & Medicine, 2002, 32 (11): 1076-1083.
[29] Maslian E, Sisk A, Mallory M, et, al. J. Neurothol Expl Neurol, 2001, 60 (4): 357-368.
[30] Jin G, Sheng, Donald L, Price, Vassilis E. Koloatsos. Experimental Neurology, 2003, 184: 1053-1057.
[31] Vito P, Wolozin B, Ganjei JK, et al. J. Biol Chem, 1996, 49: 31025-31028.
[32] Kristal Sleegers, Tom den Heijer, Ewoud J. Van Dijk, Albert Hofman, et al. Neurobiology of Aging, 2005, in press.
[33] David A. Arema, Shunsuke Meshitsuka. Brian research, 2005, 1031: 284-296.
[34] Masahiro Kawahara, Midori Kato, Yoichiro Kuroda. Brain research bulletin, 2001, 55(2): 211-217.
[35] Gui-Wen Guo, You-Xin Liang. Brain research, 2001, 888: 221-226.
[36] Kaj Blennow, Harald Hampel. Ihe Lancet Neurology, 2003, 2: 605-613.
[37] Khalid Iqbal, Alejandra del C. Alonso, She Chen, M. Omar Chohan, et al. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2005, 1739: 198-210.
[38] Barghorn S, Zheng-Fischhofer Q, Ackmann M, et al. Biochemistry, 2000, 39: 11714-11721.
[39] S. Yasar, M. Corrada, R. Brookmeyer, C. Kawas. Neurobiology of Aging, 2005, 26: 157-163.
[40] Bruce L, Kagan, Yutaka Hirakura, Rustam Azimov, Rushana Azimova, et al. Peptides, 2002, 23: 1311-1315.
[41] Gao S J, Hendrie HC, Hall KS, et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1998, 55: 809-810.
[42] Hideo Hon jo, Koichi Iwasa, Mtsuhiro Kawata, Shinji Fushiki, et al. Journal of Steriod Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 2005, in press.
[43] Howard L, Weiner, Dennis J. Selkoe. Nature, 2002, 420: 879-884.
[44] Ehab E, Tuppo, Ⅱugo R. Ayias. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Biology, 2005, 37: 289-305.
[45] Phinney All Abromowski K, Sturchler-pierrat C, et al. J Neurosci, 2002, Apr 15, 22(8): 3234-3243.
[46] T. Rees, RI. Hammond, H. Soreq, S. Younkin, S. Brimijoin. Neurobiology of aging, 2003, 24: 777-787.
[47] S. M. N. Efange E. M. Garland, J.K. Staley, A.B. Khare, et al. Neurobiology of aging, 1997, 18(4): 407-413.
[48] Bruce L. Kagan, Yutaka Hirakura, Russtam Azimov, Rushana Azimova, et al. Peptides, 2002.23: 1311-1315.
[49] Cragie S. Atwood, Mark E. Obrenovich, Tianbing Liu, Hsien Chan, et al. Brian research reviews, 2003 (43): 1-16.
[50] Jenny Apelt, Ashok Kumar, Reinhard Schliebs. Brain research, 2002, 953: 17-30.
[51] Niels Andreasen, Kaj Blennow. Peptides, 2002, 23: 1205-1214.
[52] Masuo Ohno, Evgeny A. Sametsky, Linda H. Younkin, Holly Oakley, et al. Neuron, 2004, 41: 27-33.
[53] Marco Duering, Marcus O. W. Grimm, Johannes Sch6der, Tobias Hartmann. Neurobiology of Aging, 2005, 26: 785-788.
[54] W.K. Klein, W.B. Stine Jr, D.B. Teplow. Neurobiology of aging, 2004, 25: 569-580.
[55] Simpkins JW, Green P, Gridley KE, et al. Role of esteogen replacement therapy in memory enhancement and prenvention of neuronal loss associated with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Am J Med, 1997, 103: 19-25.
[56] Wolson C, Perrault A, Moride Y, et al. A case-control analysis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Alzheimer's disease[J]. Neuro- epidemiology, 2002, 21: 81-86.
[57] Schneider LS, Farlow MR, Henderson VW, et al. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Neurology, 1996, 46(6): 1580-1584.
[58] Ohkura T, Isse K, Akazawa K, et al. Evaluation of estrogen tretment in femal patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type[J]. Endocr J. 1994, 41(4): 361-371.
[59] 章鸣.NSAID能降低AD风险[J].国外药讯,2002,22(3):10.
[60] Le-Bars PL, Katz MM, Berman N, et al. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of an extract of Ginkgo biloba for dementia[J]. JAMA, 1997, 278 (16) 1327-1332.
[61] Gozes I, Neuroprotective peptide drug delivery and development: potential new therapeutics[J]. Trends Neurosci, 2001, 24 (12): 700-705.
[62] 严镭,吴森,王树声,等.茶多酚对老年性痴呆早期防治的研究[J].浙江中西医结合杂志,2001,9(11):538-540.
[63] Schneider LS, Olin JT. Overview of clinical trails of hydergine in demential[J]. Arch Neurol, 1994, 51 (8): 787-798.
[64] Palmer AM. Pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's disease: progress and prospect. Trends Pharmacol Sci, 2002, 23: 426-433.
[65] Rogers SL, Friedhoff LT. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of denepezil HCI following single Oral dose[J]. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 1998, 46[SuppI 1]: 13-18.
[66] Rosier M, Anand R, Cicin-Sain A, et al. Efficacy and safety of rivasigmine in patients with Alzheimer s disease: international randomized controlled trial[J]. BMJ, 1999, 318 (7184): 633-638.
[67] Grutzendler J, Morris JC. Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease[J]. Drugs, 2001, 61(1): 41-52.
[68] 李永坤,朱远贵,陈晓春,等.M1受体激动剂治疗阿尔茨海默病的分子机制[J].老年医学与保健,2004,10(1):59-62.
[69] Rother M, Erkinjuntti T, RoessnerM, et al. Propentofyllin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia[J]. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 1998, 9[suppl]: 36-43.
[70] Farlow MR, Tariot PN, Grossberg GT, et al. Memantine/donepzil dual therapyis superior to placebo/donepezil therapy for treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease[J]. Neurology, 2003, 60[supll 1]: A412.
[71] Brainard GC, Hanifin JP. Greeson JM, et al. Action spectrum for melatonin regulation in humans: evidence for anovel circadian photoreceptor[J]. J Neurosci, 2001, 21(16): 6405-6412.
[72] 刘欣,陈敏.Alzheimer's病研究新进展[J].医学综述,2001,7(4):224-256.
[73] Hendriksen JV, Nottet HS, Smits HA. Secretases as targets for drug design in Alzheimer's disease[J]. Eur J Clin Invest, 2002, 32(1): 60.
[74] Hock C, Konietzko U, Papassotiropoulos A, et al. Generation of antibodies spexific for β-amyloid by vaccination of patients with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Nat Med, 2002, 8(11): 1270-1275.
[75] Atwood CS, Scarpa RC, Huang X, et al. Characterization of copper interactions with Altheimer A β peptides-ldentification of an attomolar affinity copper blinding site on A β 1-42[J]. J Neurochem, 2000, 75: 1219-1233.
[76] Cherny RA, Legg JT, Cleam CA, et al. Aqueous dissolution of Alzheimer's disease A β amyloid deposites by biometal depletion[J]. J Biol Chem, 1999, 274: 23223-23228.
[77] Cherny RA, Atwood CS, Xilinas M, et al. Treatment with a cooper-zinc chelator markedly and rapidly inhibits β amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's diseasetransgenic mice[J]. Neuron, 2001, 30: 665-676.
[78] Fassbender K, Simons M, Bergmann C, et al. Simvastition strongly reduces levels of Alzheimer's disease amloid peptides A β 42[J]. Natl Acad Sci, 2001, 98: 5856-5861.
[79] Martin A, Alonso M, Castro A, et al. First non-ATP competitive glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3 β) inhibitors as potential drugs for the tretment of Alzheimer's disease[J]. J Med Chem, 2002, 45: 1292-1299.
[80] 何建成,浦斌红.论阴中求阳是老年性痴呆的基本治法[J].辽宁中医杂志,2000,27(11):485-486.
[81] 杨柏灿,林水淼,刘仁人,等.老年性痴呆的中医病因病机探讨[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,1999,5(1):5.
[82] 田金洲,杨承芝,盛彤,等.可疑痴呆人群中阿尔茨海姆氏病临床前的认知损害及其与中医症候的关[J].湖北中医杂志1999,11(4):49.
[83] 傅仁杰.老年痴呆的诊断、辨证分型及疗效评定标准(讨论稿)[J].中医杂志,1991,12(2):56.
[84] 蔡春华.加味左归丸治疗肝肾阴虚型老年痴呆31例[J].江苏中医,1994,11(3):9.
[85] 尚炽留,蒋士娜,张尚志,等.地黄饮子加味治疗髓海不足型老年呆病临床报道[J].中国医药学报,1996,12(5):36-38.
[86] 王宏献.地黄饮子加减治疗老年性痴呆50例[J].北京中医,1998,20(1):13.
[87] 周超凡,于智敏.补肾添精法治疗老年性痴呆理论与临床[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,1997,3(2):15-16.
[88] 王德华,黄霞,杜淑华,等.愚聪汤治疗老年痴呆的临床研究[J].中医杂志,1997,38(4):218.
[89] 尚炽昌.地黄饮子加味治疗髓海不足型老年痴呆的临床报道[J].中医药学报,1996,11(5):36.
[90] 廖方正,陈建京,赵学军,等.补肾活血法治疗老年性痴呆61例临床观察[J].成都中医药大学学报,1996,19(40):17-18.
[91] 董桂英,赵世珂,郭立华,等.补肾活血法治疗老年期痴呆临床观察[J].中医药研究,1997,13(5):13.
[92] 阎勤.滋肾活血汤治疗老年性痴呆64例[J].陕西中医,1998,19(1):15.
[93] 戴维葆,刘丰华.生精益智散治疗脑萎缩[J].中国中医药信息,1997,4(12):29.
[94] 孙继铭.益肾豁痰汤治疗早老性痴呆[J].新中医,1992,24(11):56.
[95] 多秀瀛.复智汤加头针治疗老年痴呆54例[J].浙江中医杂志,1998,33(6):253.
[96] 余恒旺.补肾活血化瘀治疗老年性痴呆32例[J].新中医,1997,29(5):53.
[97] 谢美玲.补肾活血化瘀法治疗老年性痴呆40例[J].新中医,1997,29(11)60.
[98] 何华.补肾活血化瘀法治疗老年性痴呆初探[J].实用中西医结合杂志,1997,10(13):127-129.
[99] 马怡,徐秋萍.中药抗成年后痴呆的实验药理研究概况[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,1997,3(1):24.
[100] 周小青,张秋雁,谭达权,等.菖龙丹治疗老年期痴呆35例.湖北中医杂志,1999,15(5):26-27.
[101] 王永炎.老年性痴呆辨治[J].中国医药学报,1994,9(2):49.
[102] 彭荫.补肾开窍汤治疗老年痴呆16例[J].湖北中医杂志,1997,13(5):13.
[103] 王灿晖,刘涛,杨进,等.滋肾通窍法对血管性痴呆患者精神量表评定的观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1999,19(7):405-406.
[104] 施海.健脑化瘀汤治疗老年期痴呆69例[J].上海中医药杂志,1997,12(11):12.
[105] 阎乐法,刘百波,李义法,等.呆聪汤治疗老年性痴呆临床研究[J].山东中医杂志,1997,16(1):449
[106] 陆小左,王秀莲,林云,等.抗痴呆一号治疗老年人脑功能不全的临床观察[J].天津中医,2002,19(5):13-15.
[107] 林水淼,王健,周如倩,等.从心肾论治阿尔茨海默病的临床研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(8):583-586.
[108] 陆小左,王秀莲,林云,等.抗痴呆一号治疗老年人脑功能不全的临床观察[J].天津中医,2002,19,(5):13-15.
[109] 林水淼,王健,周如倩,等.从心肾论治阿尔茨海默病的临床研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(8):583-586.
[110] 王振龙.醒脑开窍加体针治疗老年性痴呆[J].针灸临床杂志,1997,13(9):16.
[111] 杨子江.多针透刺治疗老年性痴呆症[J].针灸临床杂志,1995,11(3):34.
[112] 蒋永春,李风文,张立石,等.补肾活血方对衰老小鼠学习记忆功能的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,1998,4(3):133-135.
[113] 刘焯,郭振武,张君,等.智康口服液治疗智能落后的临床与实验研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1996,16(2):74-77.
[114] 陈金星.寿尔智防治老年性痴呆的实验研究[J].湖北中医杂志,1997,19(1):53-54.
[115] 黄兆胜,刘明年,陈长洲,等.养寿丹改善学习记忆功能的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1997,17(9):553-556.
[116] 赖世龙,胡镜清,王奇,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆功能保护作用的观察[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):106-108.
[117] 陈立燕,付宝忠,田国金,等.痴呆灵口服液对老龄小鼠脑内Ach含量影响[J].黑龙江医药,1995,8(4):195-197.
[118] 左萍萍,刘娜,雒蓬轶,等.还少丹的脑保护机制研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1997,17(7):420-422.
[119] 周文泉,刘华.中西医结合延缓衰老的研究近况及展望[J].中国中医药信息,1997,4(8):9.
[120] 黄玉芳,卞慧敏,郭海英,等.开心散对老年大鼠记忆和单胺类神经递质的影响[J].中华老年医学杂志,1998,17(3):154-157.
[121] 陈勤,粱启勇,孙备,等.智力王对小鼠学习记忆及脑内单胺类递质的影响[J].中药药理与临床,1996,12(6):30-32.
[122] 黄青,刘燕池,陈裕明,等.益聪方与增智方对老年痴呆模型作用的研究[J].北京中 医药大学学报,1996,19(5):58-60.
[123] 张化彪,张学文.健脑益智汤和益肾通窍汤对老年性痴呆作用机制的实验研究[J].湖南中医学院学报,2002,22(1):25-28.
[124] 宋前流,宗瑞义.参归合剂抗痴呆作用与谷氨酸的关系[J].中成药,1995,17(6):28-30.
[125] Beal M. Somatostatin in neurodegeaerative illness[J]. Metabolism, 1990, 39:116.
[126] Matsucka N, Kaneko S, Satoh M. Somatostatin augment long-term potentiation of the mossy fiber-CA3 system in guinea pig hippocampal slice[J]. Brain Res, 1991, 553:188.
[127] 饶燕,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年痴呆大鼠突触传递长时程增强的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):109-122.
[128] 胡镜清,王奇,梁雄伟,等.补肾益智方对Alzheimer病模型大鼠脑内生长抑素及其mRNA表达阳性神经元的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2000,20(7):553.
[129] 张魁华,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆模型大鼠海马结构生长抑素神经元的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2001,18(1):25-29.
[130] 宁炼,戴向东,毛平,等.心智合剂对痴呆及记忆障碍模型动物的实验研究[J].中成药,1996,18(1):32.
[131] 刘淅伟.金匮肾气丸改善老年SOD、LPO等衰老指标的观察[J].新中医,1996,28(11):59.
[132] 岳南,朱振泽.益智合剂对D-半乳糖致衰模型大鼠学习记忆作用实验研究[J].山东中医杂志,2002,21(10):615-617.
[133] 贺运河,陆懋宣,朱冰梅,等.补肾调肝方对老龄小鼠脂褐素含量的影响[J].湖南中医学院学报,1998,18(3):18-19.
[134] 周亚滨,杨华生,肖洪彬,等.补肾活血、豁痰开窍法组方对老年性痴呆动物模型组织ATP酶的影响[J].中医药学报,2000,8(2):70-71.
[135] 尹兆宝,王健,周如倩,等.补肾方对老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆和细胞因子的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2000,10(1):33-34.
[136] 钱亦华,胡海涛,杨杰,等.中药续断对Alzheimer病模型大鼠脑内淀粉样蛋白沉积的作用[J].神经解剖学杂志,1997,13(增刊):238.
[137] 胡海涛,钱亦华,杨杰,等.中药续断对Alzheimer病模型大鼠学习记忆和海马淀粉样前体蛋白表达的影响[J].神经解剖学杂志,1997,13(增刊):238.
[138] 江黎明,李志明,韩宝铬,等.神经生长因子受体活性中草药及其成分的筛选[J].中 草药,1994,25(2):79-81.
[139] 黄丽萍,黄敬耀.中药抗老年性痴呆作用研究进展[J].江西中医学院学报,1997,19(1):39.
[140] 宫斌,杨文刚,王倩,等.补肾中药延缓脑组织衰老的实验研究[J].中国中医药信息杂志,1999,6(10):22-24.
[141] Zhoujianzheng, Zhangyongxiang, Zhoujinhuang, et al. Effect of Liuweidihuang Decoction (六味地黄汤) on Long Term Potentiation in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus in Rats[J]. CJIM, 1999, 5(3): 209-213.
[142] 饶燕,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠突触传递长时程增强的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):109-112.
[143] 杨胜,张永祥.六味地黄汤含药血清对大鼠海马神经元电压门控离子通道的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2002,18(4):1.
[144] 周建政,张永祥,周金黄,等.六味地黄汤对快速老化模型小鼠(SAM)学习记忆能力的改善作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,1999,5(4):29-33.
[145] 魏小龙.海马学习记忆功能有关基因及六味地黄汤益智作用与基因表达关系的研究[J].生理科学进展,2000,31(3):227-230.
[146] 莫启忠,马骏,宫斌,等.补肾中药对拟痴呆小鼠胆碱能M-受体功能及胆碱酯酶活性的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1996,16(2):99-101.
[147] 赵长安,李恩,赵京山,等.补肾填精方对阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆行为的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2002,8(6):33-35.
[148] 赵刚,蔡定芳,陈伟华,等.左归丸对老龄大鼠海马糖皮质激素受体位点及其基因表达的影响[J].复旦学报(医学版),2002,29(5):357-360.
[149] 赵刚,蔡定芳,范钰,等.左归丸对老龄大鼠大脑皮质8-羟基脱氧鸟苷酸的调节作用[J].复旦学报(医学版),2002,29(3):208-210.
[150] 沈自尹.从肾本质研究到证本质研究的思考与实践[J].上海中医药杂志,2000,4:4-7.
[151] Kawas C, Resnick S, Morrison A, et al. A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer' s disease: The Baltimore longitudinal study of aging [J]. Neurology, 1997, 48: 1 517-1 521.
[152] Tang MX, Jacobs D, Sterm Y, et al. Effect of oestrogen during mencpause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer' s disease [J]. Lancet, 1998, 348(9 025): 429-432.
[153] 秦路平,石汗生,王洪彬,等.蛇床子香豆素对肾阳虚模型大鼠学习记忆和神经肽的影响[J].第二军医大学学报,1997,18(2):147-149.
[154] 周乐全,丁胜元,罗荣敬,等.阴虚对老年模型大鼠学习记忆的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2001,18(1):57-59.
[155] Khachaturian ZS. The prospest of developing treatment for Alzheimer' s disease. Jery RP. Alzheimer' s disease[M]. New York: Paven Press, 1994. 445-450.
[156] 王平,张六通.中医五神脏理论与老年痴呆发病机制探讨.中国中医基础医学杂志,1999;5(10):10.
[157] 马浩中.血瘀证客观化研究[J].长春中医学院学报.1997,13(3):63.
[158] 马宗化.痰证特征、实质及辨治[J].安徽中医学院学报.2001,20(5):14.
[159] 陈银玲.从现代研究论“痰瘀同源”[J].内蒙古中医药.1994,(2):53.
[160] 周瑕莆,宋剑南,王宇辉,等.痰瘀同治对实验性高脂血症大鼠的血管内皮的保护作用[J].中国中医基础医学杂志.1997,3(4):26.
[161] 王玉来.中风急症证候分析[J].中国中医急症.1995,4(2):75.
[162] 曹洪欣,张华敏.痰瘀互结与冠心病发病机理辨识[J].中医药学刊.2001,19(6):544.
[163] 艾化,谭素娟,肇隆起,等.痰瘀同治论[J].中国中医基础医学杂志.1999,5(5):14.
[164] 程趼.中医基础理论研究进展.广州:华南理工大学出版社,1990:148.
[165] 赖世隆,胡镜清,王奇,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力保护作用的观察.广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):106-108.
[166] 饶燕,赖世隆,胡镜清,等.补肾益智方对老年性痴呆大鼠突出传递LTP的影响.广州中医药大学学报,2000,17(2):109-112.
[167] 李斌,李林,张丽,等.补肾健脑1号对小鼠学习记忆及抗疲劳能力的影响.中国中药杂志,1999,24(2):104-106.
[168] 田国庆,郭赛珊,卢贺起,等.补肾活血方对缺血再灌注脑损伤小鼠学习记忆功能及海马神经细胞凋亡的影响.中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(2):123-127.
[169] 赵志炜,王蓬文,宋丽娜,等.救脑益智对半乳糖老化小鼠海马神经元损伤的保护作用.首都医科大学学报,2003,24(1)23-26.
[170] 王学美,富宏,刘庚信,等.加味五子衍宗丸颗粒治疗轻度认知障碍的临床研究.中国中西医结合杂志,2004,24(5):392-395.
[171] 傅仁杰执笔.老年呆病的诊断、辨证分型及疗效评定标准.中医杂志,1991:(2):56.
[172] 谢鸣,白晶.地黄饮子对东莨菪碱所致小鼠记忆损伤模型的改善作用.中国实验方剂学杂志,2001,7(6):17-18.
[173] 封银曼.氯化铝诱导痴呆小鼠模型的学习记忆及脑组织中单胺氧化酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响.山东中医杂志,2002,21(11):26-29.
[174] 谢宁,宋琳,牛英才,等.加减地黄饮子对Aβ1-40所致AD大鼠学习记忆及抗氧化作用的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志2005,(12):43
[175] 谢宁,牛英才,宋琳,等.加减地黄饮子对Aβ1-40所致痴呆大鼠学习记忆、脑酶活性的影响[J].中医药信息,2004,21(2):57～58
[176] 谢宁,周妍妍,何秀丽,等.地黄饮子对老年性痴呆模型大鼠行为学及酶学的影响.中西医结合心血管病杂志,2003,11(1):650-652.
[177] 谢宁,柳琳,周妍妍,等.地黄饮子对老年性痴呆模型大鼠脑组织NO、NOS含量及行为学的的影响.中国中医药科技,2004,11(2)84-85
[178] 谢宁,何秀丽,周妍妍,等.地黄饮子对老年痴呆模型大鼠行为学、AchE及Na+K+-ATP、Ca2+-ATP酶活性的影响.中医药学刊,2004,22(7):1162-1163
[179] 谢宁,邹纯朴,高长玉,等.地黄饮子对海马神经元损伤即早基因c-jun和c-fos表达的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2004,10(6):27～29
[180] 邹纯朴,谢宁,宋诚挚,等.地黄饮子含药脑脊液对海马神经元损伤的影响[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,20(1):1～3
[181] 黄霞,庆慧,王惠森,等.熟地黄及其提取物对小鼠外周血象的比较研究[J].中成药,2002,24(2):111-113.
[182] 张鹏霞,曲凤玉,欧芹,等.熟地黄对衰老模型小鼠脑组织NOS、NO、SOD和LPO的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,1999,19(5):174-176.
[183] 崔瑛.熟地黄对损毁下丘脑弓状核大鼠学习记忆及海马C-ofs,NGF表达的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2003,28(4):362-365.
[184] 何丽云,孙塑伦,范吉平,等.参麦注射液对神经细胞凋亡及胞浆钙变化的影响.中国中西医结合杂志,2001;21(8):605.
[185] 施红,黄玲,刘少毅,等.石斛五味子对家兔4项衰老指标影响的对比研究.福建中医学院学报,1993,3(4):221.
[186] 刘忠民,陈练,董加喜,等.兔脑缺氧-复缺氧损伤与五味子提取液的保护作用。中草药,1996,27(6):355.
[187] 张兰杰.药物生物技术,1997,4(1):45.
[188] 李莉,吴若鉥.五味子酚对氧自由基损伤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的保护作用。药学学报,1997,32(3):178.
[189] 李莉,刘耕陶.五味子酚对氧自由基引起大鼠脑突触体和线粒体损伤的保护作用。药学学报,1998,33(2):81.
[190] 朱志明,周永生,欧阳剑虹,等.治疗老年期痴呆46个复方的药物分析。湖南中医杂志,2001,17(1):60-61.
[191] 臧连碧,郑怡建.山茱萸抗老实验研究.浙江中医学院学报,1993,17(5):34.
[192] 中华人民共和国卫生部药政管理局,中国药品生物制品检定所.[M].现代实用本草(中册),北京:人民卫生出版社,第1版,2000:513.
[193] 李琳琳,王晓雯,王雪飞,等.肉苁蓉总甙的抗脂质过氧化作用及抗辐射作用.[J].中国中药杂志.1997,22(6):364-367.
[194] 谢继红,高集馥,王瑜,等.肉苁蓉乙醇提取物对大鼠脑中单胺类神经递质含最的影响.[J].中草药.1993,24(8):417-419.
[195] 陈名道,祁安,陈家伦,等.助阳药对可的松大鼠模型下丘脑单胺类神经递质作用的研究,[J].中西医结合杂志.1990,10(5):292-294.
[196] 谭宝旋,苏文.巴戟素对衰老大鼠空间学习记忆力的改善作用[J].中药新药与临床药理,2000,11(2):95-97.
[197] 周大兴,林乾良.石菖蒲对小鼠学习记忆的促进作用[J].中草药,1992,23(8):417.
[198] 唐洪梅,李锐,周莉玲,等.石菖蒲对中枢神经系统作用研究进展[J].广州中医药大学学报,2000,(2):21-24.
[199] 徐江平,杨雪梅.中草药活性成分防治阿尔采末病的研究进展[J].第一军医大学学报,2001,1:23-25.
[200] 安文林,张兰,李雅莉,等.茯苓水提液对叠氮钠致原代培养的新生大鼠海马神经细胞线粒体损伤的影响.中国药学杂志,2001;36(7):450.
[201] 高应斗,赵忠保,杨桂芬,等.血竭对血液流变性及血小板聚集功能的影响.山西医药杂志,1983,12(4):193.
[202] 高应斗,赵忠保,杨桂芬,等.血竭抗血栓及其作用机理的研究.山两医药杂志,1984,13(2):75.
[203] 高应斗,赵忠保,李伯阳,等.两种血竭对防止血栓形成及血液流变学的比较.山西医 药杂志,1987,16(4):230.
[204] 陈依军,谭唯杰,钱曾年,等.珍珠粉抗衰老作用的实验研究.老年学杂志,1988,8(2):109.
[205] 陈依军,胡天喜,陈秀武,等.化学发光分析法研究珍珠卟啉类化合物抗自由基的作用.老年学杂志,1988,8(5):298.
[206] 赖新生,王黎,江雪华,等.电针对实验性血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆及SOD和MDA的影响[J].中国针灸,2000,4(8):497-499.
[207] 李艳惠,郑凉,庄礼兴,等.针灸中药对血管性痴呆血过氧化脂质和抗氧化酶的影响[J].中国针灸,1999,3(11):691-693.
[208] 丁新,刘宗惠.脑损伤和脑水肿的氧自由基作用和超氧化物歧化酶的治疗作用[J].国外医学神经外科学分册,1994,21(3):128-131.
[209] 李求兵,梅嵘.老年性痴呆的中西医诊断与治疗.北京:中国医药科技出版社,1999,14.
[210] 李文彬.AD型痴呆发病的ABC学说.解放军总医院老年医学研究所,1998.
[211] 朱丽江.抗自由基中草药的研究进展.中国中医药信息杂志,1998,5(12):11-13.
[212] 宫斌.补肾中药延缓脑组织衰老的实验研究进展.中国中医药信息杂志,1999,6(10):22-24.
[213] 张姿英.内皮素和一氧化氮与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的研究.中华儿科杂志,1999,37(6):362.