无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电的基础研究
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摘要
无轴承开关磁阻电机的研究始于上世纪九十年代,由于充分利用其运行时产生的径向力使转轴稳定悬浮,可为开关磁阻电机的振动和噪声问题提供一种新的解决途径。目前,无轴承开关磁阻电机已逐步成为高速电机领域一个新的研究热点。
本文将应用于高速驱动领域的无轴承技术和开关磁阻电机的发电技术相结合,对无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电功能进行了一些基础研究,主要包括:
在阐述普通开关磁阻电机发电机理和传统无轴承开关磁阻电机悬浮原理的基础上,通过对比,分析了无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电运行状态下的悬浮原理和全周期发电机理,并采用有限元仿真软件JMAG建立系统仿真模型,验证无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电的可行性。
详细分析了全周期发电无轴承开关磁阻电机的数学模型,包括电感模型、悬浮力模型和发电电压模型。并利用MATLAB软件下的SIMULINK\PSB工具箱,对电感模型的正确性进行仿真分析。
基于全周期发电无轴承开关磁阻电机的数学模型,应用MATLAB软件建立了全周期发电仿真模型,对发电电压、径向悬浮力、主绕组和悬浮绕组电流进行仿真分析,为无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电运行的实现提供理论依据。
在分析本系统控制要点的基础上,分析和设计了无轴承开关磁阻全周期发电运行的控制系统,包括功率变换器、数字控制硬件电路、数字控制系统软件。为实现无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电运行提供了可靠的实验条件。
The bearingless switched reluctance motor (BSRM) has been the focus research since 1990’s. It takes advantage of radial forces generated in the rotational process to suspend the rotor. And it also provides a new approach to solve the problems of switched reluctance motor’s (SRM’s) noises and vibration. So the application field of SRM is broadened.
In this paper, the bearingless technology is combined with generating technology of switched reluctance motor, basic theory of bearingless switched reluctance motor in full-period generating mode is studied. The main contents are as follows:
Suspending mechanism of bearingless switched reluctance motor in full-period generating mode is described, comparing with traditional bearingless switched reluctance motor. Generating principle of bearingless switched reluctance motor in full-period generating mode is also presented, comparing with traditional switched reluctance generator. On this basis, System simulation model of full-period generating mode is built up using electromagnetic field analysis software JMAG, the possibility of full-period generating mode was verified.
In this paper, mathematical model of bearingless switched reluctance motors in full-period generating mode is established, including inductance model, formula of levitation force and generating voltage. Simulation analysis for inductance model is made, using the SIMULINK\PSB module of MATLAB.
Based on the mathematical model of bearingless switched reluctance motors in full-period generating mode, simulation analysis for generating voltage, radial force, current of main winding and radial winding is made, using the SIMULINK\PSB module of MATLAB. It provides theoretical basis for implementation of full-period generating of bearingless switched reluctance motors.
With the key points to the control system being analyzed, the hardware system of bearingless switched reluctance motor in generating mode is designed, including power converter, hardware circuit of digital controller, and software of digital controller. It provides reliable experimental condition for realizing full-period generating of bearingless switched reluctance motors.
本文将应用于高速驱动领域的无轴承技术和开关磁阻电机的发电技术相结合,对无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电功能进行了一些基础研究,主要包括:
在阐述普通开关磁阻电机发电机理和传统无轴承开关磁阻电机悬浮原理的基础上,通过对比,分析了无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电运行状态下的悬浮原理和全周期发电机理,并采用有限元仿真软件JMAG建立系统仿真模型,验证无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电的可行性。
详细分析了全周期发电无轴承开关磁阻电机的数学模型,包括电感模型、悬浮力模型和发电电压模型。并利用MATLAB软件下的SIMULINK\PSB工具箱,对电感模型的正确性进行仿真分析。
基于全周期发电无轴承开关磁阻电机的数学模型,应用MATLAB软件建立了全周期发电仿真模型,对发电电压、径向悬浮力、主绕组和悬浮绕组电流进行仿真分析,为无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电运行的实现提供理论依据。
在分析本系统控制要点的基础上,分析和设计了无轴承开关磁阻全周期发电运行的控制系统,包括功率变换器、数字控制硬件电路、数字控制系统软件。为实现无轴承开关磁阻电机全周期发电运行提供了可靠的实验条件。
The bearingless switched reluctance motor (BSRM) has been the focus research since 1990’s. It takes advantage of radial forces generated in the rotational process to suspend the rotor. And it also provides a new approach to solve the problems of switched reluctance motor’s (SRM’s) noises and vibration. So the application field of SRM is broadened.
In this paper, the bearingless technology is combined with generating technology of switched reluctance motor, basic theory of bearingless switched reluctance motor in full-period generating mode is studied. The main contents are as follows:
Suspending mechanism of bearingless switched reluctance motor in full-period generating mode is described, comparing with traditional bearingless switched reluctance motor. Generating principle of bearingless switched reluctance motor in full-period generating mode is also presented, comparing with traditional switched reluctance generator. On this basis, System simulation model of full-period generating mode is built up using electromagnetic field analysis software JMAG, the possibility of full-period generating mode was verified.
In this paper, mathematical model of bearingless switched reluctance motors in full-period generating mode is established, including inductance model, formula of levitation force and generating voltage. Simulation analysis for inductance model is made, using the SIMULINK\PSB module of MATLAB.
Based on the mathematical model of bearingless switched reluctance motors in full-period generating mode, simulation analysis for generating voltage, radial force, current of main winding and radial winding is made, using the SIMULINK\PSB module of MATLAB. It provides theoretical basis for implementation of full-period generating of bearingless switched reluctance motors.
With the key points to the control system being analyzed, the hardware system of bearingless switched reluctance motor in generating mode is designed, including power converter, hardware circuit of digital controller, and software of digital controller. It provides reliable experimental condition for realizing full-period generating of bearingless switched reluctance motors.
引文
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[2] J.Bichsel. The Bearingless Electrical Machine. Proc. Int. Symp. Magn. Suspension. Technol. NASA Langley Res. Center, Hampton, 1991: 561-573.
[3] T. Fukao. The Evolution of Motor Drive Technologies. Development of Bearingless Motors. Proceedings of the Third Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference(IPEMC 2000), Beijing, China, 2000: 33-38.
[4] A. O.Salazar, A. Chiba, T. Fukao. A Review of Developments in Bearingless Motors. 7th Int. Symp. Magnetic Bearings, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, 2000: 335-340.
[5] W. Amrhein, S. Silber, K. Nenninger. Developments on Bearingless Drive Technology. 8th Int. Symp. Magnetic Bearings, Japan, 2002: 229-234.
[6]詹琼华.开关磁阻电动机.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1992:1-10.
[7]刘迪吉,张焕春,傅丰礼等.开关磁阻调速电动机.北京:机械工业出版社,1994:1-26.
[8]王宏华.开关磁阻电动机调速控制技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1995:1-15.
[9]刘闯,朱学忠,曹志亮等.6kW开关磁阻起动/发电系统设计及实现.南京航空航天大学学报,2000,32(3):245-250.
[10]李声晋,卢刚,马瑞卿等.开关磁阻组合起动机/发电机设计及试验.中国电机工程学报,2000,20(2):10-14.
[11]杨钢.无轴承开关磁阻电机实验平台的开发与研制,[硕士学位论文].南京:南京航空航天大学,2003.
[12]叶霜.无轴承开关磁阻电机的基础研究,[硕士学位论文].南京:南京航空航天大学,2003.
[13] A. Chiba, K. Chida, T. Fukao. Principles and Characteristics of a Reluctance Motor with Windings of Magnetic Bearing. Proc. PECTokyo, 1990: 919-926.
[14] M.Takemoto, K.Shimada, A. Chiba, et al. A Design and Characteristics of Switched Reluctance Type Bearingless Motors. 4th International Symposium on Magnetic Suspension Technology, NASA/CP-1998-207654, May 1998: 49-63.
[15] M.Takemoto, A.Chiba, T.Fukao. A New Control Method of Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motors Using Square-wave Currents. Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, Singapore, CD-ROM, Jan. 2000: 375-380.
[16] M.Takemoto, A.Chiba, T.Fukao. A Method of Determining Advanced Angle of Square-wave Currents in a Bearingless Switched Motor. IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., Nov./Dec. 2001, 37(6): 1702-1709.
[17] Arthur V. Radun, Eike Richter. Switched reluctance machine including permanent magnet stator poles, United States Patent, 1994, Patent Number: 5327069.
[18] Yue Li, Jerry Lloyd. Reluctance machine with permanent magnet rotor excitations, United States Patent, 1999, Patent Number: 5973431.
[19] Yifan Tang. Doubly-fed switched reluctance machine. United States Patent, 1998, Patent Number: 5811905.
[20] Yifan Tang. Switched reluctance motor with damping windings, United States Patent, 1999, Patent Number: 6008561.
[21]孙玉坤,吴建兵,项倩雯.基于有限元法的磁悬浮开关磁阻电机数学模型.中国电机工程学报,2007,27(12):33-40.
[22]孙玉坤,刘羡飞,王德明等.基于有限元分析的磁悬浮开关磁阻电机数学模型的全角度拓展.电工技术学报,2007,22(9):34-39.
[23]张亮,孙玉坤.基于微分几何的磁悬浮开关磁阻电机径向力的变结构控制.中国电机工程学报,2006,26(19):121-126.
[24]刘国海,孙玉坤,张浩等.基于神经网络逆系统的磁悬浮开关磁阻电动机的解耦控制.电工技术学报,2005,20(9):39-43.
[25]刘羡飞,孙玉坤,王德明等.磁悬浮开关磁阻电机径向位置解耦及仿真研究.系统仿真学报,2007,19(7):1527-1530.
[26]王秋蓉,葛宝明.无轴承开关磁阻电机磁场及力特性的分析.电机与控制学报,2007,11(3):217-220.
[27]王秋蓉,葛宝明.无轴承开关磁阻电机磁饱和特性的电磁场分析.防爆电机,2007,42(1):19-25.
[28]伍峰,张艺腾.双口RAM在无轴承开关磁阻电动机控制系统中的应用.电气传动,2007,5:102-105.
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