主动式电磁装甲弹射片中感应电流分布研究
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摘要
武器系统的防御问题是一项关系国家安全的重要课题,其拥有漫长的研究历史。主动式电磁装甲作为基于电磁发射技术的一项新型的武器装甲技术,可以大幅提高现代武器系统的防御能力。它的产生使武器装甲的防御思想由被动式防御向主动防御转变。相较于传统的防御模式具有不可忽视的优势。
本文首先论述了有关主动式电磁装甲及电磁发射技术的的发展和研究现状,并对这种电磁装甲的工作原理、模型进行了阐述。
给定主动式电磁装甲发射系统的基本模型。针对所提出的模型建立该电磁装甲系统的电路及运动学数学模型,利用基本的电磁场理论及有限元软件为所提出数学模型所需参数进行计算,得出所需的电感、电感梯度关于发射体与驱动线圈相对位置变化的关系,就不同材质的发射体进行计算。
利用动态仿真软件针对数学模型进行建模,并且根据计算出的发射体质量、各回路的回路电阻、电容器放电电压等一系列影响发射效果的参数对整个发射系统进行仿真,得出发射体内部感应电流分布的情况、发射体的速度的变化过程及发射体距离。
最后根据所提出的系统结构模型建立试验系统,进行弹射试验,并将所得系统发射结果参数与仿真结果相比较,以检验所提出的数学模型及仿真结果的正确性。为今后的主动式电磁装甲的研究设计提供必要的参考。
The defense of weapons systems,which has a long history, is a major issue related to the national security. As a new type of weapon armor technology, Active Electromagnetic Armor, which is based on Electromagnetic Launch technology progress, can significantly improve the defense capabilities of modern weapons systems. It has changed the concepts of weapons armor from passive defense to active defense. Compared with the conventional defensive mode, it has more superiorities.
This paper firstly discussed the development and the present situation of Active Electromagnetic Armor and Electromagnetic Launch technology and expounded the working principles and basic model.
This paper preset the basic model of Active Electromagnetic Armor, and according to the basic model, constructed the electric circuit and mathematical model. Then it calculated the required parameters, by using the basic electromagnetic theory and finite element software, obtained the required function of inductance and inductance gradient with respect to the position between the project and the driver coil, and calculated different materials.
A dynamic system simulation software, Sinmulink, was used for modeling and simulation for Active Electromagnetic Armor. The factors that affected the speed of the projectile, such as the quality of projectile, the loop resistance, the initial charge voltage of energy storage capacitor, were analyzed and determined. The author obtained the condition of induced current distribution, the process of speed changing and distance of the projectile.
Finally, based on the above research, the preliminary design of the Active Electromagnetic Armor model was completed and a simulation experiment system was finished. A simulation test was done by the simulation experiment system. The test results showed that the model works elementary agree with the simulation analysis results. All the research works provides a foundation for the further research work on Active Electromagnetic Armor.
本文首先论述了有关主动式电磁装甲及电磁发射技术的的发展和研究现状,并对这种电磁装甲的工作原理、模型进行了阐述。
给定主动式电磁装甲发射系统的基本模型。针对所提出的模型建立该电磁装甲系统的电路及运动学数学模型,利用基本的电磁场理论及有限元软件为所提出数学模型所需参数进行计算,得出所需的电感、电感梯度关于发射体与驱动线圈相对位置变化的关系,就不同材质的发射体进行计算。
利用动态仿真软件针对数学模型进行建模,并且根据计算出的发射体质量、各回路的回路电阻、电容器放电电压等一系列影响发射效果的参数对整个发射系统进行仿真,得出发射体内部感应电流分布的情况、发射体的速度的变化过程及发射体距离。
最后根据所提出的系统结构模型建立试验系统,进行弹射试验,并将所得系统发射结果参数与仿真结果相比较,以检验所提出的数学模型及仿真结果的正确性。为今后的主动式电磁装甲的研究设计提供必要的参考。
The defense of weapons systems,which has a long history, is a major issue related to the national security. As a new type of weapon armor technology, Active Electromagnetic Armor, which is based on Electromagnetic Launch technology progress, can significantly improve the defense capabilities of modern weapons systems. It has changed the concepts of weapons armor from passive defense to active defense. Compared with the conventional defensive mode, it has more superiorities.
This paper firstly discussed the development and the present situation of Active Electromagnetic Armor and Electromagnetic Launch technology and expounded the working principles and basic model.
This paper preset the basic model of Active Electromagnetic Armor, and according to the basic model, constructed the electric circuit and mathematical model. Then it calculated the required parameters, by using the basic electromagnetic theory and finite element software, obtained the required function of inductance and inductance gradient with respect to the position between the project and the driver coil, and calculated different materials.
A dynamic system simulation software, Sinmulink, was used for modeling and simulation for Active Electromagnetic Armor. The factors that affected the speed of the projectile, such as the quality of projectile, the loop resistance, the initial charge voltage of energy storage capacitor, were analyzed and determined. The author obtained the condition of induced current distribution, the process of speed changing and distance of the projectile.
Finally, based on the above research, the preliminary design of the Active Electromagnetic Armor model was completed and a simulation experiment system was finished. A simulation test was done by the simulation experiment system. The test results showed that the model works elementary agree with the simulation analysis results. All the research works provides a foundation for the further research work on Active Electromagnetic Armor.
引文
[1]王建华,王莹.电磁装甲技术研究综述[J].军械工程学院学报:2001,13(3): 65-70.
[2]胡金锁,李治源.坦克装甲车辆电磁装甲技术与研究状况[J].现代兵器,2002, 10(6):34-36.
[3] STERZELM EJER K, BUDERER G, GAUTH JER-BLUM C, etal Electro magnetic arm or test facility with odular pulsed power conceptual design[C], 12th IEEE Intemational Pulsed Power Conference, 1999:1361-1364.
[4] TOEPFER A J, DORRGB. Design and testing of a canpact electro magnetic arm or power system[C], 11th Annual USA Army Ground Vehicle Survivability Symposium, Monterey, Calif March, 2000:27-30
[5] NJNG Junsheng SUN Baosen. Exploring research on the electro magnetic arm or protection techonology[J]. Weapon material scienceand engineering 2001,24(1): 60-64.
[6] MCOWAN. Exploratory Development of the Reconnection Launcher[J]. IEEE Trans on MAG, 1991, 27(1): 563-567.
[7]赵纯.三级重接式电磁发射系统的仿真与实验研究[D].大连:大连理工大学, 2005:3-34.
[8]张海燕.线圈炮电磁过程动态仿真技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学:4-45.
[9]王学成,曹延杰.主动电磁装甲拦截弹发射过程研究[J].电光与控制:2009,16(8): 93-96.
[10] Cao Yanjie, Wang Chengxue. Simulation of Electromagnetic Launcher of Active Electromagnetic Armor[C]. Electromagnetic Launch Technology, 2008 14th Symposium on Digital Object Identifier, 10.1109/ELT.2008.132: 1-4.
[11]王莹,肖丰.电炮原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社, 1992.
[12]高俊山,三级电磁推进模型及系统研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学:5-37.
[13]朱建方,王莹.主动电磁装甲及其控制系统研究[J].控制系统:2003:13-15.
[14]李立毅,李小鹏.电磁发射的历史及发展趋势[J].微电机,2004,37(1):41-44.
[15]古刚,向阳,张建革.国际电磁发射技术研究现状[J].舰船科学技术, 2007,29(1):156-158.
[16]田杨萌,马银峰.主动电磁装甲的工作原理及性能分析[J].河北科技大学学报, 2002, 23(2):51-54.
[17]王学成,王向阳,曹延杰.电磁发射拦截装置中发射线圈结构分析[J].海军航空工程学院学报, 2005, 20(3):389-395.
[18] Ernst H J, Experimental Medium– Caliber Studies with Electormagnetic Armor Against KE And SC Threats[C]. 18th international symposium on ballistics, 1999: 861-868.
[19] Ernst H J. Reactive Electormagnetic Armour Against Medium Calibre KE-Projectiles[C]. 3rd European Armoured Fighting Vehicle Symposium. 1998: 327-333.
[20] Xiaopeng L, Tao M. Multiprojectile Active Electromagnetic Armor[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, 2007, 43(1): 460-462.
[21] E.Wollmann, G..Werhrauch, and K Sterzelmeier. Electromagnetic active armor[C]. 16th International Symposium on Ballistics SanFrancisco, 1996: 23-28.
[22] E. Wollmann, K.Sterzelmeier. Electromagnetic active armor[C]. 16th int. Symp.BALLISTICS, 2005: 23-28
[23] C.Wang, Y.Cao. Research on launching process of interception projectile in active electromagnetic armor[J]. Electron.Opt.Control, 2009, 16(8): 93-96.
[24] E.Spahn, K.Sterzelmeier, C. Gauthier-Blum. 50kJ ultracompact pulsed-power supply unit for active protection launcher systems[J]. IEEE Trans.magn, 2009, 45(1): 462-466.
[25] K. Sterzlmeier, G.Buderer. Electromagnetic armor test facility with modular pulsed power conceptual design[C]. 12th IEEE Int. Pulsed Power Conf. 1999: 28-30.
[26] Zoltoski Michael. Armor Developments[C]. In:2nd Annual SMI Conference Armour and anti Armour Munitions. 1999:35-42.
[27]宁俊生,孙宝森.电(磁)装甲防护技术探索研究[J].兵器材料与科学,2001, (1): 60-64.
[28] Pei Yulong, Zhang Qianfan, Chai Feng. Parameter Analysis on the Thickness of an Aluminum-Steel Intercepting Plate in Active Electric Armor[J]. IEEE TRANSATIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, 2011, 39(1):476-480.
[29] Wang Chengxue, Cao Yanjie, Zou Bengui. Research on EM Launcher of Active EM Armor With Field-Circuit Coupled Method[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, 2011, 39(1):481-486.
[30] Huijin Wang, Yongfang Huang, Ruifeng Li. Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Launcher in Active Electromagnetic Armor[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, 2011, 39(1):487-491.
[31] Shizhong Li, Yingchun Gui, Chengda Yu. Study on the Effect and the Direction Accuracy of Active Electromagnetic Protection system[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS. 2009, 45(1):351-353.
[32]赵纯,邹积岩,何俊佳.多级重接式电磁发射的电磁分析与有限元仿真[J].高电压技术,2008,34(1):78-82.
[33]王子健,何俊佳,尹小根.基于电磁斥力机构的10kV快速真空开关[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(11):68-75.
[34]赵科义,李治源,陈树康.同步感应线圈炮内磁场及涡流场的有限元分析[J].高电压技术,2008,34(3):492-495.
[35]程正,电磁发射用脉冲电源系统及触发真空开关特性研究[D],武汉:华中科技大学:8-53.
[36]董建年,吴毅,张军.电磁弹射装置中线圈受力与电流相位的关系[J].高电压技术, 2006, 32(7): 79-80.
[37]赵科义,李治源,杨秋学.基于Ansoft的电磁弹射器的有限元仿真[J].计算机应用与软件. 2006, 23(4): 132-133
[38]段建平.平板式电磁弹射涡流电磁场分析[D].南京:南京理工大学. 2006: 10-38.
[39]张英,基于电磁发射技术的可控基因枪驱动技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学. 30-41.
[40]陈庆国,王永红,魏新劳.电容驱动型轨道电磁炮电磁过程的计算机仿真[J].电工技术学报, 2006, 21(4): 68-71.
[41]魏新劳,张英,王永红,陈庆国.脉冲电磁力驱动型基因枪及其驱动系统仿真.电机与控制学报. 2009, 13(2): 223-226.
[2]胡金锁,李治源.坦克装甲车辆电磁装甲技术与研究状况[J].现代兵器,2002, 10(6):34-36.
[3] STERZELM EJER K, BUDERER G, GAUTH JER-BLUM C, etal Electro magnetic arm or test facility with odular pulsed power conceptual design[C], 12th IEEE Intemational Pulsed Power Conference, 1999:1361-1364.
[4] TOEPFER A J, DORRGB. Design and testing of a canpact electro magnetic arm or power system[C], 11th Annual USA Army Ground Vehicle Survivability Symposium, Monterey, Calif March, 2000:27-30
[5] NJNG Junsheng SUN Baosen. Exploring research on the electro magnetic arm or protection techonology[J]. Weapon material scienceand engineering 2001,24(1): 60-64.
[6] MCOWAN. Exploratory Development of the Reconnection Launcher[J]. IEEE Trans on MAG, 1991, 27(1): 563-567.
[7]赵纯.三级重接式电磁发射系统的仿真与实验研究[D].大连:大连理工大学, 2005:3-34.
[8]张海燕.线圈炮电磁过程动态仿真技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学:4-45.
[9]王学成,曹延杰.主动电磁装甲拦截弹发射过程研究[J].电光与控制:2009,16(8): 93-96.
[10] Cao Yanjie, Wang Chengxue. Simulation of Electromagnetic Launcher of Active Electromagnetic Armor[C]. Electromagnetic Launch Technology, 2008 14th Symposium on Digital Object Identifier, 10.1109/ELT.2008.132: 1-4.
[11]王莹,肖丰.电炮原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社, 1992.
[12]高俊山,三级电磁推进模型及系统研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学:5-37.
[13]朱建方,王莹.主动电磁装甲及其控制系统研究[J].控制系统:2003:13-15.
[14]李立毅,李小鹏.电磁发射的历史及发展趋势[J].微电机,2004,37(1):41-44.
[15]古刚,向阳,张建革.国际电磁发射技术研究现状[J].舰船科学技术, 2007,29(1):156-158.
[16]田杨萌,马银峰.主动电磁装甲的工作原理及性能分析[J].河北科技大学学报, 2002, 23(2):51-54.
[17]王学成,王向阳,曹延杰.电磁发射拦截装置中发射线圈结构分析[J].海军航空工程学院学报, 2005, 20(3):389-395.
[18] Ernst H J, Experimental Medium– Caliber Studies with Electormagnetic Armor Against KE And SC Threats[C]. 18th international symposium on ballistics, 1999: 861-868.
[19] Ernst H J. Reactive Electormagnetic Armour Against Medium Calibre KE-Projectiles[C]. 3rd European Armoured Fighting Vehicle Symposium. 1998: 327-333.
[20] Xiaopeng L, Tao M. Multiprojectile Active Electromagnetic Armor[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, 2007, 43(1): 460-462.
[21] E.Wollmann, G..Werhrauch, and K Sterzelmeier. Electromagnetic active armor[C]. 16th International Symposium on Ballistics SanFrancisco, 1996: 23-28.
[22] E. Wollmann, K.Sterzelmeier. Electromagnetic active armor[C]. 16th int. Symp.BALLISTICS, 2005: 23-28
[23] C.Wang, Y.Cao. Research on launching process of interception projectile in active electromagnetic armor[J]. Electron.Opt.Control, 2009, 16(8): 93-96.
[24] E.Spahn, K.Sterzelmeier, C. Gauthier-Blum. 50kJ ultracompact pulsed-power supply unit for active protection launcher systems[J]. IEEE Trans.magn, 2009, 45(1): 462-466.
[25] K. Sterzlmeier, G.Buderer. Electromagnetic armor test facility with modular pulsed power conceptual design[C]. 12th IEEE Int. Pulsed Power Conf. 1999: 28-30.
[26] Zoltoski Michael. Armor Developments[C]. In:2nd Annual SMI Conference Armour and anti Armour Munitions. 1999:35-42.
[27]宁俊生,孙宝森.电(磁)装甲防护技术探索研究[J].兵器材料与科学,2001, (1): 60-64.
[28] Pei Yulong, Zhang Qianfan, Chai Feng. Parameter Analysis on the Thickness of an Aluminum-Steel Intercepting Plate in Active Electric Armor[J]. IEEE TRANSATIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, 2011, 39(1):476-480.
[29] Wang Chengxue, Cao Yanjie, Zou Bengui. Research on EM Launcher of Active EM Armor With Field-Circuit Coupled Method[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, 2011, 39(1):481-486.
[30] Huijin Wang, Yongfang Huang, Ruifeng Li. Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Launcher in Active Electromagnetic Armor[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, 2011, 39(1):487-491.
[31] Shizhong Li, Yingchun Gui, Chengda Yu. Study on the Effect and the Direction Accuracy of Active Electromagnetic Protection system[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS. 2009, 45(1):351-353.
[32]赵纯,邹积岩,何俊佳.多级重接式电磁发射的电磁分析与有限元仿真[J].高电压技术,2008,34(1):78-82.
[33]王子健,何俊佳,尹小根.基于电磁斥力机构的10kV快速真空开关[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(11):68-75.
[34]赵科义,李治源,陈树康.同步感应线圈炮内磁场及涡流场的有限元分析[J].高电压技术,2008,34(3):492-495.
[35]程正,电磁发射用脉冲电源系统及触发真空开关特性研究[D],武汉:华中科技大学:8-53.
[36]董建年,吴毅,张军.电磁弹射装置中线圈受力与电流相位的关系[J].高电压技术, 2006, 32(7): 79-80.
[37]赵科义,李治源,杨秋学.基于Ansoft的电磁弹射器的有限元仿真[J].计算机应用与软件. 2006, 23(4): 132-133
[38]段建平.平板式电磁弹射涡流电磁场分析[D].南京:南京理工大学. 2006: 10-38.
[39]张英,基于电磁发射技术的可控基因枪驱动技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学. 30-41.
[40]陈庆国,王永红,魏新劳.电容驱动型轨道电磁炮电磁过程的计算机仿真[J].电工技术学报, 2006, 21(4): 68-71.
[41]魏新劳,张英,王永红,陈庆国.脉冲电磁力驱动型基因枪及其驱动系统仿真.电机与控制学报. 2009, 13(2): 223-226.