防空导弹武器系统全寿命周期成本管理研究
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摘要
防空导弹武器是国防武器装备的重要组成部分,是捍卫国家主权、保卫国家领土安全的重要武器装备。当前,我国防空导弹武器系统型号和整体性能处于飞速发展的时期,但是缺少明确的、可操作性强、定量的寿命周期成本管理方法和手段。并且,随着国防工业准入制度的重大变革,我国国有军工企业必须学习和掌握科学先进的成本管理理念,在导弹武器系统设计、研制、生产、售后服务等过程中建立全寿命周期成本管理体系,实现成本与效益的最优组合。只有这样,在日益激烈的竞争中才能立于不败之地。
本文基于全寿命周期成本管理的理论分析,对防空导弹武器系统的全寿命周期成本管理进行了研究。具体的研究内容有:
在分析全寿命周期成本管理基本思想的基础上,本文给出了防空导弹武器系统全寿命阶段及阶段成本,并将具体的成本分成固定成本类、变比例自变量成本类和因变量成本类三种类型。同时,给出了防空导弹武器系统全寿命周期成本管理流程及各阶段的主要工作。
由于在设计阶段在全寿命期间管理中的重要性,本文将成本设计和总体优化设计相结合,给出了防空导弹武器系统面向成本的总体优化设计过程,并说明了该过程中的数据库、专家库等主要模块。在防空导弹发动机制造成本数据统计分析的基础上,结合实例建立了防空导弹发动机成本模型,并对某型号的防空导弹发动机进行了面向成本的总体优化设计。
由于影响防空导弹武器系统的成本因子较多,并且有限的数据样本往往存在显著的相关性,因此本文应用偏最小二乘回归方法建立了防空导弹武器系统全寿命周期成本的单因变量估算模型,并且对所建立的模型进行了详细的模型精度分析和评价。
最后,本文结合航天二院的实际情况,对防空导弹武器系统全寿命周期成本管理进行了实证研究,提出了具有针对性的全寿命周期成本管理基本思路及各阶段的管理重点。并且,对航天二院防空导弹武器系统成本控制管理DSS系统进行了简要的分析和介绍。
The air defense missile armament is the most important weapon of national defense weaponry which guards the national sovereignty and the security of country. Presently, with the swift development of the air defense missile armament system of our country, the absence of the feasible, explicit and quota life cycle cost management method prevent the further development. And with the great revolution of the admittance institution of national defense of our country, the national corporations of war industry must learn and master the scientific and advanced theory of cost management, build up the life cycle cost management during the design, research, manufacture and sale service of the missile armament, realize the optimal combination of cost and revenue. In this way, the national corporations can succeed in the drastic competition.
Based on the theoretical analysis of total life cycle cost management, this thesis conducts the research to total life cycle cost management of the air defense missile armament system. The concrete research content includes:
Based on the basic philosophy of the total life cycle cost management, this thesis gives the stages and the stage cost of air defense missile armament system. And the concrete cost will be divided into the fixed cost class, always changing independent variable cost class and the dependent variable cost class. At the same time, the thesis gives the management flow of the total life cycle cost of the given antiaircraft missile armament system.
Because of the significance of the design phase in the life cycle cost management, this thesis proposes the process of the whole-optimization design for cost of the air defense missile armament system by combining the design for cost and the whole-optimization design. At the same time, it explains the database and the expert base of the process. Based on the data of statistical analysis, the thesis establishes the air defense missile engine cost model unified the example. And an optimization design for an engine of air defense missile is carried on based on the design for cost.
Because there are many factors influencing the cost of air defense missile, this thesis establishes the estimated model of single dependent variable based on the partial least-square regression. And precision analysis and the appraisal are also carried based on the established model.
Finally, this thesis conducts the empirical study to the total life cycle cost management of the missile weapon system with the actual situations of the Second Academy of CASIC, and proposes the basis mentality and various management keys of the LCC management. The thesis also introduces the DSS system of cost control management of antiaircraft missile armament system.
本文基于全寿命周期成本管理的理论分析,对防空导弹武器系统的全寿命周期成本管理进行了研究。具体的研究内容有:
在分析全寿命周期成本管理基本思想的基础上,本文给出了防空导弹武器系统全寿命阶段及阶段成本,并将具体的成本分成固定成本类、变比例自变量成本类和因变量成本类三种类型。同时,给出了防空导弹武器系统全寿命周期成本管理流程及各阶段的主要工作。
由于在设计阶段在全寿命期间管理中的重要性,本文将成本设计和总体优化设计相结合,给出了防空导弹武器系统面向成本的总体优化设计过程,并说明了该过程中的数据库、专家库等主要模块。在防空导弹发动机制造成本数据统计分析的基础上,结合实例建立了防空导弹发动机成本模型,并对某型号的防空导弹发动机进行了面向成本的总体优化设计。
由于影响防空导弹武器系统的成本因子较多,并且有限的数据样本往往存在显著的相关性,因此本文应用偏最小二乘回归方法建立了防空导弹武器系统全寿命周期成本的单因变量估算模型,并且对所建立的模型进行了详细的模型精度分析和评价。
最后,本文结合航天二院的实际情况,对防空导弹武器系统全寿命周期成本管理进行了实证研究,提出了具有针对性的全寿命周期成本管理基本思路及各阶段的管理重点。并且,对航天二院防空导弹武器系统成本控制管理DSS系统进行了简要的分析和介绍。
The air defense missile armament is the most important weapon of national defense weaponry which guards the national sovereignty and the security of country. Presently, with the swift development of the air defense missile armament system of our country, the absence of the feasible, explicit and quota life cycle cost management method prevent the further development. And with the great revolution of the admittance institution of national defense of our country, the national corporations of war industry must learn and master the scientific and advanced theory of cost management, build up the life cycle cost management during the design, research, manufacture and sale service of the missile armament, realize the optimal combination of cost and revenue. In this way, the national corporations can succeed in the drastic competition.
Based on the theoretical analysis of total life cycle cost management, this thesis conducts the research to total life cycle cost management of the air defense missile armament system. The concrete research content includes:
Based on the basic philosophy of the total life cycle cost management, this thesis gives the stages and the stage cost of air defense missile armament system. And the concrete cost will be divided into the fixed cost class, always changing independent variable cost class and the dependent variable cost class. At the same time, the thesis gives the management flow of the total life cycle cost of the given antiaircraft missile armament system.
Because of the significance of the design phase in the life cycle cost management, this thesis proposes the process of the whole-optimization design for cost of the air defense missile armament system by combining the design for cost and the whole-optimization design. At the same time, it explains the database and the expert base of the process. Based on the data of statistical analysis, the thesis establishes the air defense missile engine cost model unified the example. And an optimization design for an engine of air defense missile is carried on based on the design for cost.
Because there are many factors influencing the cost of air defense missile, this thesis establishes the estimated model of single dependent variable based on the partial least-square regression. And precision analysis and the appraisal are also carried based on the established model.
Finally, this thesis conducts the empirical study to the total life cycle cost management of the missile weapon system with the actual situations of the Second Academy of CASIC, and proposes the basis mentality and various management keys of the LCC management. The thesis also introduces the DSS system of cost control management of antiaircraft missile armament system.
引文
1徐宗昌.论推行综合寿命周期费用控制法[J].装甲兵工程学院学报, 2000, 1: 24-30
2袁光余.武器系统费用效能的概念、内涵和方法[J].系统工程与电子技术, 1988, (3): 57-63
3成楚之.体系对抗条件下导弹费用变化趋势研究[C].导弹体系论文集(第六卷),航天二院, 2003, 4
4李炳先.全寿命周期管理方法在企业管理中的应用刍议[J].改革与战略, 1998, 4: 55-57
5 Fabrychy W J, Blanchard B.S. Life cycle cost and economics analysis[M]. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991
6 Boothroyd G. Product design for manufacture and assembly[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 1994, 26(7): 505-520
7 Boothroyd G, Dewhurst P and Knight W A. Product design for manufacture and assembly[M]. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1994
8 Miyakawa S and Ohashi T. The Hitachi new assemblability evaluaton method (AEM)[C]. Proceeding of the Ontario Conference on Product Design for Assembly, Newport, RI, USA, 1986
9 Adnan Niazi, Jian S. Dail, Stavroula Balabani and Lakmal Seneviratne. Product cost Estimation: Technique Classification and Methodology Reviw[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2006, 128: 563-575
10 Bras B, Emblemsvag J. Designing for the life cycle: Activity Based Costing and Uncertainty[M]. In design for X, Concurrent Imperatives, Chapman & Hall, UK, 1996
11 Takakuwa S. The Use of Simulation in Activity Based Costing for Flexible Manufacturing Systems[C]. In Proceedings of the 1997 Winter Simulation Conference: 793-800
12 Andrade M C, Filho R C P, Espozel A M, Maia L D A and Qassim R Y, Activity-Based Costing for Production Learning[J]. International Journal Producture Economic, 62(3): 175-180
13 Eversheim W, Neuhausen J, Seaterhenn M. Design to cost for production systems[R]. Annual of the CIRP, 47, 1998: 357
14 Gershenson J, Ishii K. Life-cycle serviceability design[C]. ASME design enginnering technical conferences, 1991: 127-134
15 Vujosevic R, Raskar R, Yeturkuri N V, Jothishankar M C, and Juang S H. Simulation, animation and analysis of design disassembly for maintainability analysis[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 1995, 33(11): 2999-3022
16 Kwang-Kyu Seo, Won-Ki Kim. Approximate Life Cycle Assessment of Product Concepts Using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Neural Network Approach[C]. ICHIT, 2006: 258-268
17徐廷学.导弹武器系统寿命周期费用控制研究[J].飞航导弹, 2001, 4: 46-48
18成楚之.地空导弹武器系统研制费用估算方法初探[J].系统工程与电子技术, 1988, 8: 60-65
19成楚之.防空武器系统的成本和作战费效比问题[J].现代防御技术, 1990, 1:10~18
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21陆胜勇.防空导弹武器使用保障费用研究[J].装甲兵工程学院学报, 2001, 29(1): 30-32
22曲东才.大型武器装备的全寿命周期费用分析[J].航空科学技术, 2004, 5: 27-31
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24毕争鸣,许爱强,洪亮.武器装备费用确定方法及效费比分析探讨[J].海军航空工程学院学报, 2005, 20(1): 185-188
25陈琳,张国安.基于价值工程的装备全寿命周期费用研究[J].兵工自动化, 2007, 26(3): 105
26杨化动,范孝良,于海燕,许少伦.并行工程中面向成本的设计方法的研究[J].机械制造, 2003, 41(465): 46, 49
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32陆凯.无人战斗机系统及其全寿命周期费用研究[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文, 2002
33杨青.固体火箭发动机面向成本优化设计[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文, 2003
34杨青,汪亮,叶定友.基于多目标遗传算法的固体火箭发动机面向成本优化设计[J].固体火箭技术, 2002, 25(4): 16-20
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2袁光余.武器系统费用效能的概念、内涵和方法[J].系统工程与电子技术, 1988, (3): 57-63
3成楚之.体系对抗条件下导弹费用变化趋势研究[C].导弹体系论文集(第六卷),航天二院, 2003, 4
4李炳先.全寿命周期管理方法在企业管理中的应用刍议[J].改革与战略, 1998, 4: 55-57
5 Fabrychy W J, Blanchard B.S. Life cycle cost and economics analysis[M]. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991
6 Boothroyd G. Product design for manufacture and assembly[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 1994, 26(7): 505-520
7 Boothroyd G, Dewhurst P and Knight W A. Product design for manufacture and assembly[M]. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1994
8 Miyakawa S and Ohashi T. The Hitachi new assemblability evaluaton method (AEM)[C]. Proceeding of the Ontario Conference on Product Design for Assembly, Newport, RI, USA, 1986
9 Adnan Niazi, Jian S. Dail, Stavroula Balabani and Lakmal Seneviratne. Product cost Estimation: Technique Classification and Methodology Reviw[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2006, 128: 563-575
10 Bras B, Emblemsvag J. Designing for the life cycle: Activity Based Costing and Uncertainty[M]. In design for X, Concurrent Imperatives, Chapman & Hall, UK, 1996
11 Takakuwa S. The Use of Simulation in Activity Based Costing for Flexible Manufacturing Systems[C]. In Proceedings of the 1997 Winter Simulation Conference: 793-800
12 Andrade M C, Filho R C P, Espozel A M, Maia L D A and Qassim R Y, Activity-Based Costing for Production Learning[J]. International Journal Producture Economic, 62(3): 175-180
13 Eversheim W, Neuhausen J, Seaterhenn M. Design to cost for production systems[R]. Annual of the CIRP, 47, 1998: 357
14 Gershenson J, Ishii K. Life-cycle serviceability design[C]. ASME design enginnering technical conferences, 1991: 127-134
15 Vujosevic R, Raskar R, Yeturkuri N V, Jothishankar M C, and Juang S H. Simulation, animation and analysis of design disassembly for maintainability analysis[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 1995, 33(11): 2999-3022
16 Kwang-Kyu Seo, Won-Ki Kim. Approximate Life Cycle Assessment of Product Concepts Using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Neural Network Approach[C]. ICHIT, 2006: 258-268
17徐廷学.导弹武器系统寿命周期费用控制研究[J].飞航导弹, 2001, 4: 46-48
18成楚之.地空导弹武器系统研制费用估算方法初探[J].系统工程与电子技术, 1988, 8: 60-65
19成楚之.防空武器系统的成本和作战费效比问题[J].现代防御技术, 1990, 1:10~18
20徐宗昌.论推行综合寿命周期费用控制法[J].装甲兵工程学院学报, 2000, 14(1): 24-30
21陆胜勇.防空导弹武器使用保障费用研究[J].装甲兵工程学院学报, 2001, 29(1): 30-32
22曲东才.大型武器装备的全寿命周期费用分析[J].航空科学技术, 2004, 5: 27-31
23徐安德.武器系统全寿命周期费用的控制和管理的研究[J].导弹与航天运载技术, 2002, 6: 56-61
24毕争鸣,许爱强,洪亮.武器装备费用确定方法及效费比分析探讨[J].海军航空工程学院学报, 2005, 20(1): 185-188
25陈琳,张国安.基于价值工程的装备全寿命周期费用研究[J].兵工自动化, 2007, 26(3): 105
26杨化动,范孝良,于海燕,许少伦.并行工程中面向成本的设计方法的研究[J].机械制造, 2003, 41(465): 46, 49
27陈晓川,杨建国,李蓓智.面向成本的设计(DFC)与其他DFX工具的集成与应用方法[J].机械设计与研究, 2004, 20(3): 18-23
28陈晓川,田怀宇.面向成本的设计(DFC)与CRM/ERP/PLM[J].机械设计与制造, 2005, (12): 159-161
29曾庆良,熊光愣,范文慧.并行工程环境的面向成本设计[J].机械工程学报, 2001, 37(7): 1-4
30陈晓川,方明伦.价值工程与面向成本的设计[J].机械设计, 2002, (7): 22-24
31陈晓川,田怀宇.绿色设计与面向成本的设计[J].机械设计, 2006, 23(2): 4-6
32陆凯.无人战斗机系统及其全寿命周期费用研究[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文, 2002
33杨青.固体火箭发动机面向成本优化设计[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文, 2003
34杨青,汪亮,叶定友.基于多目标遗传算法的固体火箭发动机面向成本优化设计[J].固体火箭技术, 2002, 25(4): 16-20
35林鸣,沈玲,马士华;陈健华.基于全寿命周期的项目成功标准的系统思考[J].工业工程与管理, 2005, 1: 101-105
36柯尊海.基于全寿命周期的设计成本管理[J].科技创业月刊, 2008, 2: 80-81
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