大型深潜潜艇耐压船体结构设计研究
摘要
目前，潜艇朝着大深度和大型化方向发展的趋势均具有战略意义。耐压船体的强度与稳定性分析是一个具有重要实际意义的研究课题。本论文主要研究大型深潜潜艇耐压船体的结构。
本文推导了加设中间支骨的环肋圆柱壳应力修正系数公式。在分析弹性基础梁弯曲微分方程中系数γ物理意义的基础上，讨论了γ取值范围不同对应力的影响，并推导了当γ＞1时应力修正系数的公式。
分别考虑周向应力不均匀分布和肋骨扭转对壳板稳定性理论临界压力的影响。与实验数据进行比较，其计算结果比利用GJB《潜艇结构设计计算规则》的计算结果更接近于真实值。
运用软件工程理论和面相对象编程思想，开发了环肋圆柱壳设计计算软件，从而大大提高计算精度并避免手工计算的大量重复工作。
本文最后以某核潜艇指挥舱的结构形式作为计算实例，对下潜深度分别增加到450米和600米的情况，选择增加壳板厚度、缩小肋骨间距、增加肋骨尺寸以及加设中间支骨等加强方案，经分析确定其中结构重量最轻的方案为最佳设计方案。
Nowadays, the trend of submarine towards large dimension and deep diving has strategic significance. The strength and stability analysis of pressure hull is an important subject in the submarine design. This thesis focuses on the attention on the study of pressure hull structure design of large deep diving submarine.
In this thesis, the expression of stress modification coefficients will be given when the intermediate stiffeners are set on the ring-stiffened cylindrical shell. Analyzing the physical meaning of y which is the coefficient of bending differentiating equation, the effect of y on stress modification coefficients is considered, when the value of y is more than 1.
The theoretical critical pressure of the local stability will be improved further, Respectively considering the non-uniformity of circumferential stress distribution over the ring-stiffened cylindrical shell and the torsion of the frame. Comparing with the model test data the result of the calculation is more close to that from the formula in "Design and Calculation Standard for Submarine Structure (GJB)".
Based on the knowledge of Software Engineering and the theory of Object-Oriented programming, the software of design and calculation of ring-stiffened cylindrical shell is developed by using Visual Basic. It will afford more accurate calculation results and less time-consuming.
In the end of this thesis, basis on the structure dimension of a specifically submarine, some solutions for strengthening structure are discussed, such as increasing the thickness of shell, reducing the spacing of frames, increasing the bending inertial moments of frame and setting the intermediate stiffer, when the extreme diving depth becomes 450m or 600m. Comparing these structure weights, the excellent solution is the lightest structure.
本文推导了加设中间支骨的环肋圆柱壳应力修正系数公式。在分析弹性基础梁弯曲微分方程中系数γ物理意义的基础上，讨论了γ取值范围不同对应力的影响，并推导了当γ＞1时应力修正系数的公式。
分别考虑周向应力不均匀分布和肋骨扭转对壳板稳定性理论临界压力的影响。与实验数据进行比较，其计算结果比利用GJB《潜艇结构设计计算规则》的计算结果更接近于真实值。
运用软件工程理论和面相对象编程思想，开发了环肋圆柱壳设计计算软件，从而大大提高计算精度并避免手工计算的大量重复工作。
本文最后以某核潜艇指挥舱的结构形式作为计算实例，对下潜深度分别增加到450米和600米的情况，选择增加壳板厚度、缩小肋骨间距、增加肋骨尺寸以及加设中间支骨等加强方案，经分析确定其中结构重量最轻的方案为最佳设计方案。
Nowadays, the trend of submarine towards large dimension and deep diving has strategic significance. The strength and stability analysis of pressure hull is an important subject in the submarine design. This thesis focuses on the attention on the study of pressure hull structure design of large deep diving submarine.
In this thesis, the expression of stress modification coefficients will be given when the intermediate stiffeners are set on the ring-stiffened cylindrical shell. Analyzing the physical meaning of y which is the coefficient of bending differentiating equation, the effect of y on stress modification coefficients is considered, when the value of y is more than 1.
The theoretical critical pressure of the local stability will be improved further, Respectively considering the non-uniformity of circumferential stress distribution over the ring-stiffened cylindrical shell and the torsion of the frame. Comparing with the model test data the result of the calculation is more close to that from the formula in "Design and Calculation Standard for Submarine Structure (GJB)".
Based on the knowledge of Software Engineering and the theory of Object-Oriented programming, the software of design and calculation of ring-stiffened cylindrical shell is developed by using Visual Basic. It will afford more accurate calculation results and less time-consuming.
In the end of this thesis, basis on the structure dimension of a specifically submarine, some solutions for strengthening structure are discussed, such as increasing the thickness of shell, reducing the spacing of frames, increasing the bending inertial moments of frame and setting the intermediate stiffer, when the extreme diving depth becomes 450m or 600m. Comparing these structure weights, the excellent solution is the lightest structure.
引文
[1] 石德新，王晓天编．潜艇强度．哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社．1996：13-59页
[2] 姜来根主编．21世纪海军舰船．北京：国防工业出版社，1998：1-8页
[3] 崔维成，刘水庚，顾继红等．国外潜艇设计和性能研究的一些新动态．船舶力学．2000(4)：65-66页
[4] Graham D. DRA structural research on submarines and submersibles, Marine Structures. 1994(7): 231-256P
[5] Park C M, Yim S J. Ultimate strength analysis of ring-stiffened cylinders under hydrostatic pressure, Proceedings of the 12th Conf. on OMAE. 1993(1): 399-404P
[6] Pegg N G. Effects of secondary structure on the stress and stability of submarine pressure hulls, AD-A 191715.1987:25-30P
[7] Morandi A C et al. Frame tripping in ring stiffened externally pressured cylinders, Marine Structures. 1996(6): 585-608P
[8] Krapivin V Y. Provision of structural ruggedness of submarines at the design stage, NSN'96 Section A. 1996: 1-SP
[9] Pegg N G. Experimental and numerical determination of secondary structure on the overall collapse of imperfect pressure hull compartments, RINA. 1996:51-64P
[10] GBJ/Z21-91．潜艇结构设计计算规则．国防工业出版社，1992：1-17页
[11] S．P．铁木辛柯．弹性稳定理论．北京：科学出版社．1965：18-21页
[12] 王晓天，许辑平．环肋圆柱壳应用计算中某些问题的研究．应用科技．1990(1)：1-7页
[13] 刘涛．大深度潜水器金属耐压壳强度与稳定性分析．中国船舶科学研究中心博士学位论文．1999：23-55页
[14] 高艳．环肋圆柱壳总稳定反常机理和工程实际意义的探讨．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．1989：7-27页
[15] 考罗特金，劳克辛，西维尔斯著．陈铁云，张孝镛，李学道译．板与圆筒形壳的弯曲及稳定性．高等教育出版社．1958：19-26页
[16] 王晓天．新材料大直径环肋圆柱壳强度与稳定分析．哈尔滨工程大学博士
学位论文．1999：23-56页
[17] 施丽娟，谢祚水．肋骨对环肋圆柱壳壳板稳定性影响的初步研究．华东船舶工业学院学报．1999(5)：3-5页
[18] 中国科学院力学研究所，固体力学研究室壳板组著．加筋圆柱曲板与圆柱壳．科学出版社．1983：25-29页
[19] 牛夏牧等．工程软件技术基础．哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社．1997：8-20页
[20] 郑洁人，殷人昆．软件工程概论．北京：清华大学出版社．1998：10-21页
[21] 齐治昌，谭庆平，宁洪．软件工程基础．北京：高等教育出版社．1997：7-21页
[22] 徐尔贵，张志宇，王庆等．Visual Basic 6．0教程．北京：电子工业出版社，2001：51-78页
[23] 李天启，成昊．Visual Basic 6．0学习捷径．北京：清华大学出版社．1999：36-106页
[24] 王晓天，许辑平．跨距对环肋圆柱壳应力强度及稳定性的影响．哈尔滨船舶工程学院学报．1995(2)：116-117页
[25] 王晓天，许辑平．在环肋圆柱壳上设置中间支骨的作用．中国造船．1993(4)：82-90页
[26] 刘元高，刘耀儒．Mathematica4．0实用教程．北京：国防工业出版社．2000：5-43页
[2] 姜来根主编．21世纪海军舰船．北京：国防工业出版社，1998：1-8页
[3] 崔维成，刘水庚，顾继红等．国外潜艇设计和性能研究的一些新动态．船舶力学．2000(4)：65-66页
[4] Graham D. DRA structural research on submarines and submersibles, Marine Structures. 1994(7): 231-256P
[5] Park C M, Yim S J. Ultimate strength analysis of ring-stiffened cylinders under hydrostatic pressure, Proceedings of the 12th Conf. on OMAE. 1993(1): 399-404P
[6] Pegg N G. Effects of secondary structure on the stress and stability of submarine pressure hulls, AD-A 191715.1987:25-30P
[7] Morandi A C et al. Frame tripping in ring stiffened externally pressured cylinders, Marine Structures. 1996(6): 585-608P
[8] Krapivin V Y. Provision of structural ruggedness of submarines at the design stage, NSN'96 Section A. 1996: 1-SP
[9] Pegg N G. Experimental and numerical determination of secondary structure on the overall collapse of imperfect pressure hull compartments, RINA. 1996:51-64P
[10] GBJ/Z21-91．潜艇结构设计计算规则．国防工业出版社，1992：1-17页
[11] S．P．铁木辛柯．弹性稳定理论．北京：科学出版社．1965：18-21页
[12] 王晓天，许辑平．环肋圆柱壳应用计算中某些问题的研究．应用科技．1990(1)：1-7页
[13] 刘涛．大深度潜水器金属耐压壳强度与稳定性分析．中国船舶科学研究中心博士学位论文．1999：23-55页
[14] 高艳．环肋圆柱壳总稳定反常机理和工程实际意义的探讨．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．1989：7-27页
[15] 考罗特金，劳克辛，西维尔斯著．陈铁云，张孝镛，李学道译．板与圆筒形壳的弯曲及稳定性．高等教育出版社．1958：19-26页
[16] 王晓天．新材料大直径环肋圆柱壳强度与稳定分析．哈尔滨工程大学博士
学位论文．1999：23-56页
[17] 施丽娟，谢祚水．肋骨对环肋圆柱壳壳板稳定性影响的初步研究．华东船舶工业学院学报．1999(5)：3-5页
[18] 中国科学院力学研究所，固体力学研究室壳板组著．加筋圆柱曲板与圆柱壳．科学出版社．1983：25-29页
[19] 牛夏牧等．工程软件技术基础．哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社．1997：8-20页
[20] 郑洁人，殷人昆．软件工程概论．北京：清华大学出版社．1998：10-21页
[21] 齐治昌，谭庆平，宁洪．软件工程基础．北京：高等教育出版社．1997：7-21页
[22] 徐尔贵，张志宇，王庆等．Visual Basic 6．0教程．北京：电子工业出版社，2001：51-78页
[23] 李天启，成昊．Visual Basic 6．0学习捷径．北京：清华大学出版社．1999：36-106页
[24] 王晓天，许辑平．跨距对环肋圆柱壳应力强度及稳定性的影响．哈尔滨船舶工程学院学报．1995(2)：116-117页
[25] 王晓天，许辑平．在环肋圆柱壳上设置中间支骨的作用．中国造船．1993(4)：82-90页
[26] 刘元高，刘耀儒．Mathematica4．0实用教程．北京：国防工业出版社．2000：5-43页