用虚拟仪器改造YD200A型圆度仪
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
计算机技术的飞速发展使测量仪器发生了革命性的变化,产生了虚拟仪器,虚拟仪器技术的提出和发展代表了二十一世纪自动测试和电子测量仪器领域技术发展的一个重要发展方向。本文论述了虚拟仪器的出现、发展的历史、定义及特点,详细介绍了虚拟仪器系统的结构、组成、原理、功能及在多领域的应用,并对虚拟仪器的前景作了展望。
    在基于对虚拟仪器全面认识的基础上,对传统的YD200A型圆度仪进行了虚拟改造的可行性分析,给出了基于PCI总线插卡形式的虚拟仪器系统的软硬件构建方案。详细阐述了组成虚拟仪器硬件部分的各种模块的选择、组装及工作方式,阐述了组成虚拟仪器软件部分如:仪器操作面板,整个系统的数据采集,数据分析与处理,结果的可视化输出等设计。给出了评定圆度误差的基本原则,研究用计算机实现圆度误差评定的四种方法及相应的算法和程序;分析了形成系统误差的各种因素,指出了消除各种误差的方法。
    用本文设计的虚拟仪器对轴的圆度误差进行了实际测试,结果表明:与传统的仪器及其测量方法、数据处理方式相比,虚拟仪器不仅构建非常容易,而且实现了检测过程的自动化、数字化、智能化及可视化,大幅度提高了测试速度、数据处理速度及测试精度。
The rapid development of computer science has brought about a new revolutionary change in the measuring instrument, and brought forth virtual instruments, which represents the direction of the development in the field of automatic testing and electronic testing instruments in the 21th century.
    The dissertation expounds the history of the appearance, and development, definition as well as the features of the virtual instruments. Furthermore, the paper gives a detailed introduction to their structure, components, principle, function and applications in a variety of the fields. At the same time it gives a general view of the future. Besides, the author, based on the general knowledge of virtual instruments, makes a feasibility analysis of the virtual renovation of the traditional YD200A roundness tester, therefore offers a structure plan for the software and hardware used in the virtual instrument system based on the PCI bus card inserting form. The dissertation expounds the selection assembling and works of various modules forming the hardware of the virtual instrument as well as the software, such as the designs of the instrument panel, data collection, analysis and processing of the whole system, visualization output of result. In addition, the dissertation provides the basic principles of evaluating roundness error through computers and corresponding calculating methods and produce the system error, studies four methods for evaluating roundness error through computers and corresponding calculating methods and procedures. and analyzes various factors that produce the system error. the author designs the testing and processing procedures of the radial eccentricity and axial skewness brought about by the insertation of the card to be tested and puts forward a software treatment plan through for separating chief axis rotation error from testing result through “reversion method”.
    The virtual instrument designed in the papers is used for practical test of the axis roundness errors, whose results show: in comparision with the traditional, measuring and data processing methods. the virtual instrument is not only in its easy structure, but also in the automation, digitization and visualization of testing process. At the same time it greatly increases testing and data processing speed. and the testing accuracy.
引文
1.王大珩,胡柏顺,加速发展我国现代化仪器事业,迎接21世纪挑战,现代科学仪器,2000,(3):3-6
    2.邓勃,现代仪器改造与功能开发大有可为,现代科学仪器,2001,(1):3~5
    3.张天佑,曾家松,邱长青,依靠技术改造实现科学仪器技术进步—仪器技术改造工作的回顾。现代科学仪器,2001,(1):5-8
    4.虚拟仪器发展概述,2001(5)
    5.National Instrument 上海分公司,虚拟仪器-测试与测控仪器的最佳选择,机电一体化,1999,(2)
    6.唐东炜,傅贵武,王宇华,开发虚拟仪器,改革测试实验教学,佛山科学技术学院学报,1999,(2)
    7.林正盛,虚拟仪器技术及其发展,国外电子测量技术,1997,(2):40~44
    8.周群,雷勇,刘连宇,虚拟仪器设计思想及应用,四川联合大学学报,1998,(2):73~81
    9.Harold Goldberg “What is Virtual Instrumentation?” IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magizine .Dec.2000
    10.任清珍等,基于虚拟仪器技术的水电厂状态监测系统,国外电子测量技术,2002,(4):4~5
    11. National Instruments.LabVIEW Basic Course,1997
    12.杨乐平,李海涛,肖相生等,LabVIEW程序设计与应用,北京:电子工业出版社,2001
    13.闵莉,吴玉厚,富大伟等,圆度误差检测的现状与展望,沈阳建筑工程学院学报990318,1999,(3)
    14.甘永立,形状和位置误差检测,北京:国防工业出版社,1995.73~94
    15.汪恺,唐保宁,形位公差原理和应用,北京:机械工业出版社,1991.268~299
    16. YD200A型圆度仪使用说明书,上海量具刃具厂
    17.传感器原理和应用,天津大学出版社
    18.吴湘淇,数字信号处理技术及应用,北京:中国铁道出版社,1986.151~323
    19.沈兰荪,数据采集与处理,北京:能源出版社,1987.182~214
    20.郑学坚,周斌,微型计算机原理及应用,北京:清华大学出版社,1994.258~
    
    
    277
    21.黄长艺,严普强,机械工程测试技术基础,北京:机械工业出版社,1994
    22. 刘晖, 冀然然, 夏意军,PCI 系统结构 ,北京:电子工业出版社,2001
    23.邓春梅,周军,陈吉红等,国标圆度仪数字滤波器传输特性逼近方法的研究。仪器仪表学报,2000,(5):521~524
    24.朱庆保,圆度误差的自适应测评及应用,计量技术,2001,(4):7~10
    25.卓兴任,刘焕文,王永波等,圆度误差4种评定结果关系的研究[J],北京工业大学学报,1996,(2):111~114
    26.朱庆宝,圆度仪的微机化改造。计量技术,1997,(2):11~13
    27.刘杰锋,王建华,刘桂珍等,圆度误差的计算机检测系统,佳木斯大学学报,1999,(2)
    28.黎永前,朱名铨,实用化圆度测量软件[J],计量技术,1999,(6):15~18
    29. Frennberg M,Scconi A.International Comparision of High Accuracy Roundness Measurements.Metrologia,1996,33(1):539-544
    30.SUN Yu-qin,CHE Ren-sheng,N0vel methold for solving maxi mum inscribed circle,Optics and Precision Engineering,Aprl.2003(2):181~187
    Wei Gao,Satoshi Kiyono,A new multiprobe method of roundness measurements ,Precision Engineering American
    31.谭浩强,C程序设计,北京:清华大学出版社,1998
    32. 徐士良,C常用算法程序集,北京:清华大学出版社,1997
    33.丁喜波,杨玉春,孙宝军等,圆度误差评定快速算法,哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学学报,1997(2):15~17
    34.王德平,计算最小区域圆及圆度误差的交叉弦线法,哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学学报
    ,1998(8):14~17
    35.谷春栋,圆度误差测量的数学模型,鞍山:鞍山钢铁学院学报,2000(5):379~381

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700