九子连环草、矮桃和桂花化学成分研究
|
摘要
本论文分为3章。第一章对九子连环草和矮桃中化学成分进行研究;第二章对3种桂花叶脂肪酸成分、花和叶的α-葡萄糖苷酶活性进行研究;第三章对虾脊兰属植物化学成分和药理作用研究进展进行综述。
一、九子连环草和矮桃化学成分研究
对来源于兰科虾脊兰属虾脊兰(Calanthe discolor Lindl.)(九子连环草)全草化学成分进行研究,从醋酸乙酯部位分离和鉴定了6个化合物;对报春花科植物矮桃(Lysimachia clethroides Duby)的全草进行化学成分研究,从醋酸乙酯部位分离得到2个化合物,从甲醇部位分离得到4个化合物,鉴定了其中5个。
二、桂花脂肪酸成分和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性研究
桂花(Osmanthus fragrans Lour. )为木犀科木犀属常绿灌木或乔木,是我国传统十大名花之一。贵妃红、晚银桂、窈窕淑女分属于桂花中丹桂、银桂品种群。通过GC-MS分析,3种桂花中脂肪酸含量丰富,亚麻酸、14-甲基-十五烷酸、亚油酸、植醇是三者共有的主要成分。
对贵妃红、晚银桂、窈窕淑女花和叶的α-葡萄糖苷酶活性研究表明,3种桂花均具有一定的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,且所有提取物的活性高于阳性对照Acarbose。其中,桂花叶提取物的活性好于花的活性。桂花提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率随着提取物浓度增大,先迅速增加,达到阈值后无显著变化。
三、虾脊兰属植物化学成分和药理作用研究进展
本章对我国虾脊兰属(Calanthe)植物化学成分及药理活性进行了综述。
This dissertation is composed of three chapters. The first chapter discusses the chemical constituents of Calanthe discolor Lindl. and Lysimachia clethroides Duby. The second chapter discusses the fatty acids among three species of Osmanthus fragrans Lour., andα-glucosidase activity of flowers and leaves were preliminarily assayed. The third chapter elaborates calanthe plants’chemical constituents and pharmacological research in recent years.
1. Chemical constituents of Calanthe discolor Lindl. and Lysimachia clethroides Duby
Calanthe discolor Lindl. belongs to Orchidaceae family, and six compounds were isolated and identified from ethyl acetate extract of C. discolor. Lysimachia clethroides Duby belongs to Primulaceae family,two compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate extract and four from methanol extract of L. clethroides. Five compounds were identified.
2. Fatty acid composition andα-glucosidase enzyme activities of Osmanthus fragrans Lour.
Osmanthus fragrans Lour., belongs to Oleaceae, is an evergreen shrub or tree and one of Chinese traditional famous flowers. Guifeihong, Yaotiaoshunv, Wanyingui belong to O.fragrans var. 1atius Makino and O. fragrans var. aurantiacus as sequence. linolenic acid, 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid, 9,12-linoleic acid and plant alcohol were main compounds in three species of O. fragrans Lour. by the method of GC-MS analysis.
Six extracts from 3 species of O. fragrans Lour. flowers and leaves had a certain degree ofα-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The activity of all extracts were higher than that of positive control-Acarbose. Among them, leaf extract had better activity than that of flowers. O. fragrans extract inhibitory activity was correlated with the concentration, first it had rapidly increases and then reached a threshold, no siginificant change .
3. Chemical constituents and pharmacological research of Calanthe plants
This chapter discusses chemical constituents and pharmcological activities about plants of Calanthe genus in China.
一、九子连环草和矮桃化学成分研究
对来源于兰科虾脊兰属虾脊兰(Calanthe discolor Lindl.)(九子连环草)全草化学成分进行研究,从醋酸乙酯部位分离和鉴定了6个化合物;对报春花科植物矮桃(Lysimachia clethroides Duby)的全草进行化学成分研究,从醋酸乙酯部位分离得到2个化合物,从甲醇部位分离得到4个化合物,鉴定了其中5个。
二、桂花脂肪酸成分和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性研究
桂花(Osmanthus fragrans Lour. )为木犀科木犀属常绿灌木或乔木,是我国传统十大名花之一。贵妃红、晚银桂、窈窕淑女分属于桂花中丹桂、银桂品种群。通过GC-MS分析,3种桂花中脂肪酸含量丰富,亚麻酸、14-甲基-十五烷酸、亚油酸、植醇是三者共有的主要成分。
对贵妃红、晚银桂、窈窕淑女花和叶的α-葡萄糖苷酶活性研究表明,3种桂花均具有一定的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,且所有提取物的活性高于阳性对照Acarbose。其中,桂花叶提取物的活性好于花的活性。桂花提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率随着提取物浓度增大,先迅速增加,达到阈值后无显著变化。
三、虾脊兰属植物化学成分和药理作用研究进展
本章对我国虾脊兰属(Calanthe)植物化学成分及药理活性进行了综述。
This dissertation is composed of three chapters. The first chapter discusses the chemical constituents of Calanthe discolor Lindl. and Lysimachia clethroides Duby. The second chapter discusses the fatty acids among three species of Osmanthus fragrans Lour., andα-glucosidase activity of flowers and leaves were preliminarily assayed. The third chapter elaborates calanthe plants’chemical constituents and pharmacological research in recent years.
1. Chemical constituents of Calanthe discolor Lindl. and Lysimachia clethroides Duby
Calanthe discolor Lindl. belongs to Orchidaceae family, and six compounds were isolated and identified from ethyl acetate extract of C. discolor. Lysimachia clethroides Duby belongs to Primulaceae family,two compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate extract and four from methanol extract of L. clethroides. Five compounds were identified.
2. Fatty acid composition andα-glucosidase enzyme activities of Osmanthus fragrans Lour.
Osmanthus fragrans Lour., belongs to Oleaceae, is an evergreen shrub or tree and one of Chinese traditional famous flowers. Guifeihong, Yaotiaoshunv, Wanyingui belong to O.fragrans var. 1atius Makino and O. fragrans var. aurantiacus as sequence. linolenic acid, 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid, 9,12-linoleic acid and plant alcohol were main compounds in three species of O. fragrans Lour. by the method of GC-MS analysis.
Six extracts from 3 species of O. fragrans Lour. flowers and leaves had a certain degree ofα-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The activity of all extracts were higher than that of positive control-Acarbose. Among them, leaf extract had better activity than that of flowers. O. fragrans extract inhibitory activity was correlated with the concentration, first it had rapidly increases and then reached a threshold, no siginificant change .
3. Chemical constituents and pharmacological research of Calanthe plants
This chapter discusses chemical constituents and pharmcological activities about plants of Calanthe genus in China.
引文
[1]王伟.兰科植物现状令人忧保护初见成效[J].森林与人类, 2004, 5: 4-5.
[2]钱定权.中国兰科族属分类及贵州兰科族属研究[J].种子, 2003, 1: 42- 43.
[3]关璟,王春兰,肖培根,等.地生型兰科药用植物化学成分及其药理作用研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2005, 30(14): 1053-1061.
[4]鞠建华,刘东,杨俊山.兰科植物化学成分研究进展[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 2000, 15(3): 95-104.
[5]李墅,王春兰,郭顺星,等.附生型兰科药用植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展[J].中国中药杂志, 2005, 30(19): 1489-1496.
[6]徐刚,汪一婷,牟豪杰,等.虾脊兰无菌播种技术[J].中国花卉园艺, 2003, 8: 26-27.
[7]侯鸣.虾脊兰的观赏和栽培[J].中国花卉园艺, 2008, 10: 27-29.
[8] Tokiko Nagashima. Studies on the Seed Germination and Embryogenesis in the Bletillastriata Rchb.f. and Calanthe discolor Lindl[J]. Engei Gakkai zasshi, 1982, 51(1): 82-93.
[9] K. Miyoshi, M. Mii. Phytohormone pre-treatment for the enhancement of seed germination and protocorm formation by the terrestrial orchid, Calanthe discolor (Orchidaceae), in asymbiotic culture[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1995, 63: 263-267.
[10] Masayuki Yoshikawa, Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, et al. Novel indole S-O-Bisdesmoside, calanthoside, the precursor glycoside of tryptanthrin, indirubin, and isantin, with increasing skin blood flow promoting effects, from two Calanthe species (Orchidaceae)[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1998, 46(5): 886-888.
[11] Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, Tetsuo Sakurma, et al. Chemical constituents of two oriental orchids, Calanthe discolor and C.Liukiuensis: precursor indole glycoside of tryptanherin and indirbin[J]. Heterocycles, 2001, 54(2): 957-966.
[12] Toshihiro Akihisa, Ken Yasukawa, Yumiko Kimura, , et al. Triterpene Alcohols from Camellia and Sasanqua Oils and Their Anti-inlflammatory Effects[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1997, 45(12): 2016-2023.
[13] Anne Caroline Keller, Marc P. Maillard, Kurt Hstettmann. Aantimicrobial steroids form the fungus Fomitopsis Pinicola[J]. Phytochemistry, 1996, 4: 1041-1046.
[14]李媛,邱澄,张东明,等.狭叶山麻黄化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2004, 29(3): 235-237.
[15]于德全,杨竣山.分析化学手册(第七分册第二版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 1999: 797.
[16]海力茜,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.多序岩黄芪化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2002, 27(11): 843-845.
[17]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2008, 33(17): 2118-2121.
[1]陈封怀,胡启明.中国植物志(第59卷第1分册)[M].北京:科学出版社, 1989, 59(1): 1-137.
[2]郝刚,胡启明.珍珠菜属系统发育关系的初步研究[J].热带亚热带植物学报, 2001, 9(2): 93-100.
[3]田景奎,邹忠梅,徐丽珍等.珍珠菜属植物化学成分研究进展[J].国外医学中医中药分册, 2002, 24( 2): 80- 85.
[4]黄新安,杨仁洲.珍珠菜属三萜类化合物研究进展[J].热带亚热带植物学报, 2007, 15(2): 175-182.
[5]郭宝林,肖培根,杨世林.中国珍珠菜属植物药用种类和研究概况[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 1995, 10(4): 159-162.
[6]张德权,台建祥,付勤等.生物类黄酮的研究及应用概况[J].食品与发酵工业, 1999, 25(6): 52-56.
[7] Beate Baderschneider. Isolation and Caracterzation of Novel Benzoates, Cinamates, Flavonoids, and Lingmans from Riesling Wine and Screening for A- ntioxidant Activity, [J]. Agric Food Chem, 2001, 49(6): 2788- 2798.
[8]徐任生,叶阳,赵维民,等.天然产物化学(第2版)[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004: 418-420.
[9]郭宝林,肖培根,杨世林.中国珍珠菜属植物用药种类和研究概况[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 1995, 10(4): 159.
[10] Kitagawa I, Matsuda A, Nishimura T, et al. Comparative study on the sapogenin constituents of five primulaceous plants[J]. ChemPharm Bull, 1967, 15(9): 1435-1437.
[11] Yasukawa K, TakidoM. Studies on the chemical constituents of genus Lysimachia I. On the whole parts of Lysimachia japonica Thumb and Lysi m achia clethroides Duby [J]. Yakugaku Zasshi, 1986, 106(10): 939-941.
[12] Kim J S, Kim H J, Park H. Studies on the chemical constituents of Lysimachia clethroides [J]. Yakhak Hoechi, 1993, 37(4): 325-328.
[13]王祎茜,唐丽华,梁中琴,等.珍珠菜提取物ZE4对宫颈癌抑制作用的初步研究[J].中国药理学通报, 2007, 23(7): 925-929.
[14]李媛,邱澄,张东明,等.狭叶山麻黄化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2004, 29(3): 235-237.
[15]于德全,杨竣山.分析化学手册(第七分册第二版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 1999: 797.
[16]海力茜,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.多序岩黄芪化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2002, 27(11): 843-845.
[17]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2008, 33(17): 2118-2121.
[18] Menezes, F. S., Borsatto, A. S., Pereira, F. J., et al. Chamaedry diol, an ursane triterpene from Marsypianthes chamaedrys[J]. Photochemistry, 1998, 48(2): 323-325.
[1]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社, 1992, 61: 107.
[2]汤庚国.中国桂花资源及其利用与开发(下)[J].资源节约和综合利用, 1994, 9(4): 22-26.
[3]彭国全.中国木犀属(桂花属Osmanthus)植物的研究概况和开发利用[J].江西科学, 2004, 22(3): 221-226.
[4]吴光洪,胡绍庆,宣子灿,等.桂花品种分类标准与应用[J]浙江林学院学报, 2004, 21(3): 281-284.
[5]丁宝章,王遂义.河南植物志(第三卷)[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社, 1997, 243.
[6]康文艺,王金梅,苑鹏飞.木犀属植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].河南大学学报(医学版), 2008, 27(3): 8-13.
[7]袁王俊,张维瑞,尚福德.桂花茎尖离体培养体系的建立[J].西北植物学报, 2008, 28(2): 244-248.
[8]王学利,曹华茹,谢绍军.桂花叶中总黄酮提取方法的研究[J].浙江林业科技, 2008, 28(5): 50-53.
[9]徐继明,吕金顺.桂花精油化学成分研究[J].分析实验室, 2007, 26(1): 37-41.
[10] Sisido K S, Kurozumi Kvtimoto, Isida T. Fragrans flower constituents of Osmanthus fragrans[J]. Perf Essnt OilRec, 1967, 58: 212-215.
[11] Kaiser E, Lamparsky D. Inhaltsstoffe des Osmanthus absolues 1, Mitteilung: 2, 5-epoxy-megastigma-6, 8-diene[J]. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1978, 373-382.
[12] Li-chen Wu, Li-Hui Chang, Si-Han Chen, et al (2009). Antioxidant activity and melanogenesis inhibitory effect of the acetonic extract of Osmanthus fragrans: A potential natural and functional food ?avor additive[J]. LWT– Food Science and Technology, 42 (9): 1513-1519.
[13]张俊会.桂花体外抗氧化活性初探[J].农产品加工(学刊), 2005, 34(3): 73-75.
[14] Martin S, Padilla E, Ocete M A , et al . Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Essential Oil of Bupleurum fruticescens[J]. Planta Med, 1993, 59 (6): 533.
[15] Lorente I, Ocete M A, Zarzuelo A, et al . Bioactivity of the Essential Oil of Bupleurum fruticosum[J]. J . Nat. Prod. , 1989, 52(2): 267.
[16]胡雄星,韩中豪,刘必寅,等.邻苯二甲酸酯的毒性及其在环境中的分布[J].环境科学与管理, 2007, 32(1): 37-40.
[17]李昌勤,刘瑜新,康文艺.酸模叶蓼和绵毛酸模叶蓼脂肪酸的研究[J].精细化工, 2009, 26(3): 266-268.
[18]康文艺,武小红.槐花、槐米和槐叶脂肪酸成分的GC-MS分析[J].河南大学学报(医学版), 2009, 28(1): 17-20.
[19]康文艺,张东娣,宋艳丽,等.两种开封产黄菊花脂肪酸成分研究[J].精细化工, 2009, 26(1): 24-27.
[20]康文艺,姬志强,王金梅.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔脂肪酸成分的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发, 2009, 21: 203-207.
[21]康文艺,张东娣,刘瑜新,等.七种菊花对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性[J].精细化工, 2009, 26(4): 351-354.
[22]康文艺,张丽,宋艳丽.滇丁香中抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2009, 34(4): 406-409.
[23]康文艺,张丽,宋艳丽.茜草抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2009, 32(5): 1104-1107.
[24]张丽,李晓梅,李彩芳,等.加拿大蓬α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用研究[J].河南大学学报(医学版), 2008, 27(4): 39-41.
[1]侯鸣.虾脊兰的观赏与栽培[J].中国花卉园艺, 2008, 10: 27-29.
[2]关璟,王春兰,肖培根,等.地生型兰科药用植物化学成分及其药理作用研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2005, 30(14): 1053-1061.
[3]徐刚,汪一婷,牟豪杰,等.虾脊兰无菌播种技术[J].中国花卉园艺, 2003, 8: 26-27.
[4] Tokiko Nagashima. Studies on the Seed Germination and Embryogenesis in the Bletillastriata Rchb.f. and Calanthe discolor Lindl[J]. Engei Gakkai zasshi, 1982, 51(1): 82-93.
[5] K. Miyoshi, M. Mii. Phytohormone pre-treatment for the enhancement of seed germination and protocorm formation by the terrestrial orchid, Calanthe discolor (Orchidaceae), in asymbiotic culture[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1995, 63: 263-267.
[6] Masayuki Yoshikawa, Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, et al. Novel indole S-O-Bisdesmoside, calanthoside, the precursor glycoside of tryptanthrin, indirubin, and isantin, with increasing skin blood flow promoting effects, from two Calanthe species (Orchidaceae)[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1998, 46(5): 886-888.
[7] Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, Tetsuo Sakurma, et al. Chemical constituents of two oriental orchids, Calanthe discolor and C.Liukiuensis: precursor indole glycoside of tryptanherin and indirbin[J]. Heterocycles, 2001, 54(2): 957-966.
[8]国家中医药管理局中华本草编委会.中华本草[M].第24卷.上海:上海科技出版社, 1999: 671.
[9]鞠建华,刘东,杨俊山.兰科植物化学成分研究进展[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 2000, 15(3): 95-104.
[10] Juneja R, Sharma S, Tandon J. Two substituted bibenzyls and a dihyrophenanthrene from Cymbidium aloifolium[J]. Phytochemistry, 1987, 26(4): 1123.
[11] Tsksgi S, Yamaki M, Inoue K. Antimicrobial agents from Bletillastriata[J]. Phytochemistry, 1983, 22(4): 1011.
[12] Tezuka Y, Nagashima K, Hirano H. Dihydrophenanthrenens from Spiranthes sinensis[J]. Chem Pharm Bull, 1989, 37(6): 1667.
[13] Murakami T, Kishi A, Sakurma T. Chemical constituents of two oriental orchids, Calanthe discolor and C.Liukiuensis: precursor indole glycoside of tryptanherin and indirbin[J]. Heterocycles, 2001, 54(2): 957-966.
[14] DU Xiao-ming, SUN Ning-yi, CHEN Yang. Hepatoprotective aliphatic glycosides from three Goodyera species[J]. Bid Pharm Bull, 2000, 23(6): 731.
[15] Ito A, Yasumoto K, Kasai R. A sterol with an unusal side chain from Anoectochilus koshunensis[J]. Phytochemistry, 1994, 36(6): 1465.
[16] Wang Sheng Yang, Kuo Yueh-hsiung, Chang Hsing-ning. Profiling and charactorization of antioxidant activities in Anoectochilus for mosanus Hayata[J]. J Agric &Food Chem, 2002, 50(7): 1859.
[17] Toshihiro Akihisa, Ken Yasukawa, Yumiko Kimura, et al. Triterpene Alcohols from Camellia and Sasanqua Oils and Their Anti-inlflammatory Effects[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1997, 45(12): 2016-2023.
[18] Saito N, Xa M, Tatsuzawa F. Acylated cyaniding glycosides in the purple-red flowers of Bletilla striata[J]. Phytochemistry, 1995, 40(5): 1523.
[19]黄胜阳,石建功,杨永春.长苞凹舌兰化学成分研究(Ⅰ)[J].药学学报, 2002, 37(3): 199.
[20] Kikuchi T, Kadota S, Suehara H. Studies on the constituents of orchida ceous plants.Ⅱ. Isolation, structures, and stereochemistry of cyclonervilol, cyclohomonervilol, and dihydrocycloeucalenol C-24epimers, new triterpenes from Nervilia purpurea Schlechter[J]. Chem Pharm Bull, 1985, 33(5):914.
[21] Majumder P, Sabari G. Arundinol, a new triterpene from the orchid Arundina bambusifolia[J]. J Indian Chem Soc, 1991, 68(2): 88.
[22] Lee C L, Nakagawa-Goto K, Yu D, Liu YN, Bastow KF, Morris-Natschke SL, Chang FR, Wu YC, Lee KH. Cytotoxic calanquinone A from Calanthe arisanensis and its first total synthesis[J]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008, 18(15): 4275-4277.
[2]钱定权.中国兰科族属分类及贵州兰科族属研究[J].种子, 2003, 1: 42- 43.
[3]关璟,王春兰,肖培根,等.地生型兰科药用植物化学成分及其药理作用研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2005, 30(14): 1053-1061.
[4]鞠建华,刘东,杨俊山.兰科植物化学成分研究进展[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 2000, 15(3): 95-104.
[5]李墅,王春兰,郭顺星,等.附生型兰科药用植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展[J].中国中药杂志, 2005, 30(19): 1489-1496.
[6]徐刚,汪一婷,牟豪杰,等.虾脊兰无菌播种技术[J].中国花卉园艺, 2003, 8: 26-27.
[7]侯鸣.虾脊兰的观赏和栽培[J].中国花卉园艺, 2008, 10: 27-29.
[8] Tokiko Nagashima. Studies on the Seed Germination and Embryogenesis in the Bletillastriata Rchb.f. and Calanthe discolor Lindl[J]. Engei Gakkai zasshi, 1982, 51(1): 82-93.
[9] K. Miyoshi, M. Mii. Phytohormone pre-treatment for the enhancement of seed germination and protocorm formation by the terrestrial orchid, Calanthe discolor (Orchidaceae), in asymbiotic culture[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1995, 63: 263-267.
[10] Masayuki Yoshikawa, Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, et al. Novel indole S-O-Bisdesmoside, calanthoside, the precursor glycoside of tryptanthrin, indirubin, and isantin, with increasing skin blood flow promoting effects, from two Calanthe species (Orchidaceae)[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1998, 46(5): 886-888.
[11] Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, Tetsuo Sakurma, et al. Chemical constituents of two oriental orchids, Calanthe discolor and C.Liukiuensis: precursor indole glycoside of tryptanherin and indirbin[J]. Heterocycles, 2001, 54(2): 957-966.
[12] Toshihiro Akihisa, Ken Yasukawa, Yumiko Kimura, , et al. Triterpene Alcohols from Camellia and Sasanqua Oils and Their Anti-inlflammatory Effects[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1997, 45(12): 2016-2023.
[13] Anne Caroline Keller, Marc P. Maillard, Kurt Hstettmann. Aantimicrobial steroids form the fungus Fomitopsis Pinicola[J]. Phytochemistry, 1996, 4: 1041-1046.
[14]李媛,邱澄,张东明,等.狭叶山麻黄化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2004, 29(3): 235-237.
[15]于德全,杨竣山.分析化学手册(第七分册第二版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 1999: 797.
[16]海力茜,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.多序岩黄芪化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2002, 27(11): 843-845.
[17]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2008, 33(17): 2118-2121.
[1]陈封怀,胡启明.中国植物志(第59卷第1分册)[M].北京:科学出版社, 1989, 59(1): 1-137.
[2]郝刚,胡启明.珍珠菜属系统发育关系的初步研究[J].热带亚热带植物学报, 2001, 9(2): 93-100.
[3]田景奎,邹忠梅,徐丽珍等.珍珠菜属植物化学成分研究进展[J].国外医学中医中药分册, 2002, 24( 2): 80- 85.
[4]黄新安,杨仁洲.珍珠菜属三萜类化合物研究进展[J].热带亚热带植物学报, 2007, 15(2): 175-182.
[5]郭宝林,肖培根,杨世林.中国珍珠菜属植物药用种类和研究概况[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 1995, 10(4): 159-162.
[6]张德权,台建祥,付勤等.生物类黄酮的研究及应用概况[J].食品与发酵工业, 1999, 25(6): 52-56.
[7] Beate Baderschneider. Isolation and Caracterzation of Novel Benzoates, Cinamates, Flavonoids, and Lingmans from Riesling Wine and Screening for A- ntioxidant Activity, [J]. Agric Food Chem, 2001, 49(6): 2788- 2798.
[8]徐任生,叶阳,赵维民,等.天然产物化学(第2版)[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004: 418-420.
[9]郭宝林,肖培根,杨世林.中国珍珠菜属植物用药种类和研究概况[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 1995, 10(4): 159.
[10] Kitagawa I, Matsuda A, Nishimura T, et al. Comparative study on the sapogenin constituents of five primulaceous plants[J]. ChemPharm Bull, 1967, 15(9): 1435-1437.
[11] Yasukawa K, TakidoM. Studies on the chemical constituents of genus Lysimachia I. On the whole parts of Lysimachia japonica Thumb and Lysi m achia clethroides Duby [J]. Yakugaku Zasshi, 1986, 106(10): 939-941.
[12] Kim J S, Kim H J, Park H. Studies on the chemical constituents of Lysimachia clethroides [J]. Yakhak Hoechi, 1993, 37(4): 325-328.
[13]王祎茜,唐丽华,梁中琴,等.珍珠菜提取物ZE4对宫颈癌抑制作用的初步研究[J].中国药理学通报, 2007, 23(7): 925-929.
[14]李媛,邱澄,张东明,等.狭叶山麻黄化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2004, 29(3): 235-237.
[15]于德全,杨竣山.分析化学手册(第七分册第二版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 1999: 797.
[16]海力茜,梁鸿,赵玉英,等.多序岩黄芪化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2002, 27(11): 843-845.
[17]康文艺,臧鑫炎,王金梅,等.勐醒芒毛苣苔三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2008, 33(17): 2118-2121.
[18] Menezes, F. S., Borsatto, A. S., Pereira, F. J., et al. Chamaedry diol, an ursane triterpene from Marsypianthes chamaedrys[J]. Photochemistry, 1998, 48(2): 323-325.
[1]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社, 1992, 61: 107.
[2]汤庚国.中国桂花资源及其利用与开发(下)[J].资源节约和综合利用, 1994, 9(4): 22-26.
[3]彭国全.中国木犀属(桂花属Osmanthus)植物的研究概况和开发利用[J].江西科学, 2004, 22(3): 221-226.
[4]吴光洪,胡绍庆,宣子灿,等.桂花品种分类标准与应用[J]浙江林学院学报, 2004, 21(3): 281-284.
[5]丁宝章,王遂义.河南植物志(第三卷)[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社, 1997, 243.
[6]康文艺,王金梅,苑鹏飞.木犀属植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].河南大学学报(医学版), 2008, 27(3): 8-13.
[7]袁王俊,张维瑞,尚福德.桂花茎尖离体培养体系的建立[J].西北植物学报, 2008, 28(2): 244-248.
[8]王学利,曹华茹,谢绍军.桂花叶中总黄酮提取方法的研究[J].浙江林业科技, 2008, 28(5): 50-53.
[9]徐继明,吕金顺.桂花精油化学成分研究[J].分析实验室, 2007, 26(1): 37-41.
[10] Sisido K S, Kurozumi Kvtimoto, Isida T. Fragrans flower constituents of Osmanthus fragrans[J]. Perf Essnt OilRec, 1967, 58: 212-215.
[11] Kaiser E, Lamparsky D. Inhaltsstoffe des Osmanthus absolues 1, Mitteilung: 2, 5-epoxy-megastigma-6, 8-diene[J]. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1978, 373-382.
[12] Li-chen Wu, Li-Hui Chang, Si-Han Chen, et al (2009). Antioxidant activity and melanogenesis inhibitory effect of the acetonic extract of Osmanthus fragrans: A potential natural and functional food ?avor additive[J]. LWT– Food Science and Technology, 42 (9): 1513-1519.
[13]张俊会.桂花体外抗氧化活性初探[J].农产品加工(学刊), 2005, 34(3): 73-75.
[14] Martin S, Padilla E, Ocete M A , et al . Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Essential Oil of Bupleurum fruticescens[J]. Planta Med, 1993, 59 (6): 533.
[15] Lorente I, Ocete M A, Zarzuelo A, et al . Bioactivity of the Essential Oil of Bupleurum fruticosum[J]. J . Nat. Prod. , 1989, 52(2): 267.
[16]胡雄星,韩中豪,刘必寅,等.邻苯二甲酸酯的毒性及其在环境中的分布[J].环境科学与管理, 2007, 32(1): 37-40.
[17]李昌勤,刘瑜新,康文艺.酸模叶蓼和绵毛酸模叶蓼脂肪酸的研究[J].精细化工, 2009, 26(3): 266-268.
[18]康文艺,武小红.槐花、槐米和槐叶脂肪酸成分的GC-MS分析[J].河南大学学报(医学版), 2009, 28(1): 17-20.
[19]康文艺,张东娣,宋艳丽,等.两种开封产黄菊花脂肪酸成分研究[J].精细化工, 2009, 26(1): 24-27.
[20]康文艺,姬志强,王金梅.卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔脂肪酸成分的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发, 2009, 21: 203-207.
[21]康文艺,张东娣,刘瑜新,等.七种菊花对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性[J].精细化工, 2009, 26(4): 351-354.
[22]康文艺,张丽,宋艳丽.滇丁香中抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2009, 34(4): 406-409.
[23]康文艺,张丽,宋艳丽.茜草抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2009, 32(5): 1104-1107.
[24]张丽,李晓梅,李彩芳,等.加拿大蓬α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用研究[J].河南大学学报(医学版), 2008, 27(4): 39-41.
[1]侯鸣.虾脊兰的观赏与栽培[J].中国花卉园艺, 2008, 10: 27-29.
[2]关璟,王春兰,肖培根,等.地生型兰科药用植物化学成分及其药理作用研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2005, 30(14): 1053-1061.
[3]徐刚,汪一婷,牟豪杰,等.虾脊兰无菌播种技术[J].中国花卉园艺, 2003, 8: 26-27.
[4] Tokiko Nagashima. Studies on the Seed Germination and Embryogenesis in the Bletillastriata Rchb.f. and Calanthe discolor Lindl[J]. Engei Gakkai zasshi, 1982, 51(1): 82-93.
[5] K. Miyoshi, M. Mii. Phytohormone pre-treatment for the enhancement of seed germination and protocorm formation by the terrestrial orchid, Calanthe discolor (Orchidaceae), in asymbiotic culture[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1995, 63: 263-267.
[6] Masayuki Yoshikawa, Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, et al. Novel indole S-O-Bisdesmoside, calanthoside, the precursor glycoside of tryptanthrin, indirubin, and isantin, with increasing skin blood flow promoting effects, from two Calanthe species (Orchidaceae)[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1998, 46(5): 886-888.
[7] Toshiyuki Murakami, Akinobu Kishi, Tetsuo Sakurma, et al. Chemical constituents of two oriental orchids, Calanthe discolor and C.Liukiuensis: precursor indole glycoside of tryptanherin and indirbin[J]. Heterocycles, 2001, 54(2): 957-966.
[8]国家中医药管理局中华本草编委会.中华本草[M].第24卷.上海:上海科技出版社, 1999: 671.
[9]鞠建华,刘东,杨俊山.兰科植物化学成分研究进展[J].国外医药·植物药分册, 2000, 15(3): 95-104.
[10] Juneja R, Sharma S, Tandon J. Two substituted bibenzyls and a dihyrophenanthrene from Cymbidium aloifolium[J]. Phytochemistry, 1987, 26(4): 1123.
[11] Tsksgi S, Yamaki M, Inoue K. Antimicrobial agents from Bletillastriata[J]. Phytochemistry, 1983, 22(4): 1011.
[12] Tezuka Y, Nagashima K, Hirano H. Dihydrophenanthrenens from Spiranthes sinensis[J]. Chem Pharm Bull, 1989, 37(6): 1667.
[13] Murakami T, Kishi A, Sakurma T. Chemical constituents of two oriental orchids, Calanthe discolor and C.Liukiuensis: precursor indole glycoside of tryptanherin and indirbin[J]. Heterocycles, 2001, 54(2): 957-966.
[14] DU Xiao-ming, SUN Ning-yi, CHEN Yang. Hepatoprotective aliphatic glycosides from three Goodyera species[J]. Bid Pharm Bull, 2000, 23(6): 731.
[15] Ito A, Yasumoto K, Kasai R. A sterol with an unusal side chain from Anoectochilus koshunensis[J]. Phytochemistry, 1994, 36(6): 1465.
[16] Wang Sheng Yang, Kuo Yueh-hsiung, Chang Hsing-ning. Profiling and charactorization of antioxidant activities in Anoectochilus for mosanus Hayata[J]. J Agric &Food Chem, 2002, 50(7): 1859.
[17] Toshihiro Akihisa, Ken Yasukawa, Yumiko Kimura, et al. Triterpene Alcohols from Camellia and Sasanqua Oils and Their Anti-inlflammatory Effects[J]. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1997, 45(12): 2016-2023.
[18] Saito N, Xa M, Tatsuzawa F. Acylated cyaniding glycosides in the purple-red flowers of Bletilla striata[J]. Phytochemistry, 1995, 40(5): 1523.
[19]黄胜阳,石建功,杨永春.长苞凹舌兰化学成分研究(Ⅰ)[J].药学学报, 2002, 37(3): 199.
[20] Kikuchi T, Kadota S, Suehara H. Studies on the constituents of orchida ceous plants.Ⅱ. Isolation, structures, and stereochemistry of cyclonervilol, cyclohomonervilol, and dihydrocycloeucalenol C-24epimers, new triterpenes from Nervilia purpurea Schlechter[J]. Chem Pharm Bull, 1985, 33(5):914.
[21] Majumder P, Sabari G. Arundinol, a new triterpene from the orchid Arundina bambusifolia[J]. J Indian Chem Soc, 1991, 68(2): 88.
[22] Lee C L, Nakagawa-Goto K, Yu D, Liu YN, Bastow KF, Morris-Natschke SL, Chang FR, Wu YC, Lee KH. Cytotoxic calanquinone A from Calanthe arisanensis and its first total synthesis[J]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008, 18(15): 4275-4277.