离子型聚丙烯酰胺的制备及应用
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摘要
聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)是丙烯酰胺均聚或与其它单体共聚而成的含量在50 %以上的线型水溶性高分子化学品的总称,它是一种重要的水溶性聚合物,在水中能够溶解或溶胀,而形成溶液或分散液。
随着聚合科学的不断发展,聚丙烯酰胺类聚合物的种类不断增多。目前聚丙烯酰胺按离子性质可分为:非离子聚丙烯酰胺、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺及两性聚丙烯酰胺。本论文分别采用水溶液聚合法合成了阴离子型PAM和三元阳离子P(AM-DMC-DMDAAC),采用乳液聚合法合成了二元阳离子型P(AM-DMC),并对它们的絮凝性能进行了一系列研究。
采用水溶液聚合法,以丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸钠为原料,氧化-还原引发剂为引发体系,调节反应温度、pH值、引发剂用量等条件,合成出了一系列阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺,且其对实验室模拟水与实际某厂的印染废水表现出较好的絮凝效果。?
采用水溶液聚合法,以丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为原料,合成出了三元共聚型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺。三种单体AM:DMC:DMDAAC质量比5:4:1,水溶性偶氮V-50质量分数为0.07%,EDTA-2Na质量分数为0.1%,反应时间为5h,反应温度50℃,单体质量分数为40%,为最优化条件,此时可制备出溶解性好,分子量达到5.1×10~6的三元聚合产物,且与其它自制絮凝剂以及一些市售的优秀絮凝剂相比三元聚合物在对模拟煤泥水的处理中表现出较好的絮凝效果。?
采用反相乳液聚合发,以丙烯酰胺(AM)与二甲基二烯丙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为反应单体,span80-op10为复配乳化剂,合成出了二元阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺。油水比为1.1:1,转速为1000r/min,单体质量分数为30%,反应温度50℃,水溶性偶氮V-50用量0.07%,AM与DMC的摩尔比为95:5,EDTA-2Na的用量为0.1%,乳化剂用量8%,HLB值为6,为最优化条件,此时可制备出分子量达5.0×10~6且溶解性较好的聚合产物,且其在对模拟煤泥水的处理中表现出较好的絮凝效果。
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a general term of water-soluble polymer, which is homopolymer of acrylamide monomer or copolymerization with other monomers and content is over 50% .It is an important water-soluble polymer and can dissolve or swell in water, forming solution or dispersion .
With the continuous development of polymerization science, the kinds of polyacrylamide polymers is increased. Polyacrylamide is mainly divided into:non-ionic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide and amphoteric polyacrylamide. In this work, anionic PAM and ternary cationic P (AM-DMC-DMDAAC) was synthesized by solution polymerization and P(AM-DMC) was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization, and then examined their flocculent property.
Series of anionic polyacrylamide was synthesized by solution polymerization with acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid as raw materials by oxidation– reduction initiator under appropriate conditions. And the polymer shows good flocculating performance to laboratory simulative wastewater .
The ternary cationic flocculant P(AM-DMC-DMDAAC) was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization with raw meterials of acrylamide (AM), methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC).The ratio of three monomers(AM:DMC:DMDAAC) was 5:4:1, amount of water-soluble azocompound V-50 was 0.07%, amount of EDTA-2Na was 0.1%, monomer mess concentration was 40%, reacted at 50℃for 4hs to get the copolymer with the molecular weight up to 5.0×10~6and it has excellent water-dissolubility. And, the terpolymer shows better flocculating performance to slurry compared with other kinds of flocculants.
The cationic copolymer P (AM-DMC) was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization with monomers of acrylamide (AM) and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) , span80-op10 as emulsifier. The oil-water ratio was 1.1:1, speed was 1000r/min, monomer mess concentration was 30%, amount of water-soluble azocompound V-50 was 0.07%, molar ratio of AM and DMC was 95:5, amount of EDTA-2Na was 0.1% , amount of emulsifier was 8%, value of HLB was 6, reacted at 50℃for 4hs to get the copolymer with the molecular weight up to 5.0×10~6 and it has excellent water-dissolubility. This copolymer shows a good flocculating performance to slurry.
随着聚合科学的不断发展,聚丙烯酰胺类聚合物的种类不断增多。目前聚丙烯酰胺按离子性质可分为:非离子聚丙烯酰胺、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺及两性聚丙烯酰胺。本论文分别采用水溶液聚合法合成了阴离子型PAM和三元阳离子P(AM-DMC-DMDAAC),采用乳液聚合法合成了二元阳离子型P(AM-DMC),并对它们的絮凝性能进行了一系列研究。
采用水溶液聚合法,以丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸钠为原料,氧化-还原引发剂为引发体系,调节反应温度、pH值、引发剂用量等条件,合成出了一系列阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺,且其对实验室模拟水与实际某厂的印染废水表现出较好的絮凝效果。?
采用水溶液聚合法,以丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为原料,合成出了三元共聚型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺。三种单体AM:DMC:DMDAAC质量比5:4:1,水溶性偶氮V-50质量分数为0.07%,EDTA-2Na质量分数为0.1%,反应时间为5h,反应温度50℃,单体质量分数为40%,为最优化条件,此时可制备出溶解性好,分子量达到5.1×10~6的三元聚合产物,且与其它自制絮凝剂以及一些市售的优秀絮凝剂相比三元聚合物在对模拟煤泥水的处理中表现出较好的絮凝效果。?
采用反相乳液聚合发,以丙烯酰胺(AM)与二甲基二烯丙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为反应单体,span80-op10为复配乳化剂,合成出了二元阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺。油水比为1.1:1,转速为1000r/min,单体质量分数为30%,反应温度50℃,水溶性偶氮V-50用量0.07%,AM与DMC的摩尔比为95:5,EDTA-2Na的用量为0.1%,乳化剂用量8%,HLB值为6,为最优化条件,此时可制备出分子量达5.0×10~6且溶解性较好的聚合产物,且其在对模拟煤泥水的处理中表现出较好的絮凝效果。
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a general term of water-soluble polymer, which is homopolymer of acrylamide monomer or copolymerization with other monomers and content is over 50% .It is an important water-soluble polymer and can dissolve or swell in water, forming solution or dispersion .
With the continuous development of polymerization science, the kinds of polyacrylamide polymers is increased. Polyacrylamide is mainly divided into:non-ionic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide and amphoteric polyacrylamide. In this work, anionic PAM and ternary cationic P (AM-DMC-DMDAAC) was synthesized by solution polymerization and P(AM-DMC) was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization, and then examined their flocculent property.
Series of anionic polyacrylamide was synthesized by solution polymerization with acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid as raw materials by oxidation– reduction initiator under appropriate conditions. And the polymer shows good flocculating performance to laboratory simulative wastewater .
The ternary cationic flocculant P(AM-DMC-DMDAAC) was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization with raw meterials of acrylamide (AM), methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC).The ratio of three monomers(AM:DMC:DMDAAC) was 5:4:1, amount of water-soluble azocompound V-50 was 0.07%, amount of EDTA-2Na was 0.1%, monomer mess concentration was 40%, reacted at 50℃for 4hs to get the copolymer with the molecular weight up to 5.0×10~6and it has excellent water-dissolubility. And, the terpolymer shows better flocculating performance to slurry compared with other kinds of flocculants.
The cationic copolymer P (AM-DMC) was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization with monomers of acrylamide (AM) and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) , span80-op10 as emulsifier. The oil-water ratio was 1.1:1, speed was 1000r/min, monomer mess concentration was 30%, amount of water-soluble azocompound V-50 was 0.07%, molar ratio of AM and DMC was 95:5, amount of EDTA-2Na was 0.1% , amount of emulsifier was 8%, value of HLB was 6, reacted at 50℃for 4hs to get the copolymer with the molecular weight up to 5.0×10~6 and it has excellent water-dissolubility. This copolymer shows a good flocculating performance to slurry.
引文
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initiated and atom transfer radical polymerization.Macromolecules,2000,(33):9166-9168.
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James P, Richard G J. Direct evidence for the interaction of the mechanism of thermally
initiated and atom transfer radical polymerization.Macromolecules,2000,(33):9166-9168.
Haruma Kawaguch,Hirotomo Hoshino,Yasuji Ohtsuka. Preparation of amphoteric latex by modification of styrene-acrylamide copolymer latex. Journal of Applied Science Polymer, 1981, 26(6): 2015-2022.
Kallon K Ghosh, Lallan Kjumar Tiwary.Influence of sodium Bis(2-ethyl-1-Hexyl) sulfosuccinate/Isooctane/Water Microemulsions on the Hydrolysis of salicylhydroxamic Acid. Journal of molecular liquids,2003,102(l-3):183-195.
Liu Cui-yun, Feng Wei. Development of cationic and amphoteric polyacrylamide coagulants . Corrosion & Protection in Petrochemical Industry, 2002, 12(2):45-48.
Meier W. Poly(oxyethylene) adsorption in water/oil microemulsions:a conductivity study.Langmuir,1996,12:1188-1192.
Ovenden Cherie, Xiao Hui-ning. Flocculation behavior and mechanisms of cationic inorganic microparticle/polymer system. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2002, (197):1-3.
Paul J C, David M D, Gary A E. 3-Demensional submicron Polymerization of acrylamide by multiphoton excitation of Xanthene dyes.Macromolecules,2001(33):1511-1513.
Suzuki A, Maruyama H, Seki H, etal. Adsorption characteristics and optimal dosage of flocculants in the solid separation of suspensions.Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2006,45(3):1123-1127.
Venkataramana Runkana, Omasundaran P S,Kapu P C. A population balance model forflocculation of colloidal suspensions by polymer bridging. Chemical Engineering Science,2006, 61(1):182-191.
Wan Jiang,Wu Li-Yang,Xian bao-Zeng. Structure and Properties of Poly (methylmethacrylate) Particles Prepared by a Modified Microemulsion. Polymerization Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer chemistry, 2004(42):733-741.
Wei M, Rank N J,Fu S K.Synthesis of nanosized ploy(methyl methacrylate)micro latexes with high polymer content by a modifled microemulsion Polymerization.Polymer Bulletin, 1998,40(6):749-756.
Yan Ze-gui,Yu lin.Cationic microparticle based flocculation and retention systems. Chemical Engineering Journal,2000,80(5):1-3.
Zhang Li-Ming,Tan Ye-bang,Li Zhou-mei.New amphoteric graft copolymers of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with acrylamide an aqueous solution properties.J Polym Sci:Part A,2000,76(3):305-318.
车现红,徐妙侠,廖玖明等.阳离子絮凝剂的反相乳液聚合研究.油气田地工程,2008(6):24-26.
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