羌塘盆地侏罗系储层地质特征及流体包裹体研究
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摘要
羌塘盆地是发育于前泥盆纪结晶基底之上的以中生界海相沉积为主体的复合型残留盆地。本文在充分收集、整理前人研究成果的基础上,探讨了侏罗系储层地质特征和流体包裹体特征。羌塘盆地侏罗系储集层分布广泛,岩性以碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩为主。其中雀莫错组(J2q)、夏里组(J2x)以碎屑岩储集层为主,布曲组(J2b)、索瓦组(J3s)以碳酸盐岩储集层为主,雪山组(J3x)碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩储集层均有分布。羌塘盆地储层流体包裹体数量较少,个体较小,最小者小于3μm,最大者不足30μm,一般为5～10μm。包裹体形态有近方形、浑圆形、椭圆形等较规则的包裹体,也有不规则的包裹体。包裹体在主矿物中一般随机分布,如孤立状、星点状、星散状等。按室温(25℃)下的成分相态特征主要可分为液相H_2O包裹体、气液H_2O包裹体以及液态烃包裹体、气-液烃包裹体、沥青包裹体和气态烃包裹体。经测试,气液H_2O包裹体均一温度范围为103℃～195℃(多为130℃～180℃),平均为147℃;流体包裹体的盐度变化范围为0.35%～2.07%,平均为1.08%。激光拉曼光谱分析表明,液相H_2O包裹体和气液H_2O包裹体的液相和气相组分均主要为水。根据包裹体均一温度可知,本区油气为高成熟阶段。由包裹体均一温度以及古地温梯度计算得知,本区古埋藏深度范围为2075m～4375m,多为3100m～4025m,投影在羌塘盆地埋藏史曲线图上可知,油气生成时间为100Ma～150Ma,处于晚侏罗世至早白垩世。
Qiangtang Basin is the composite basin with the main structure of Mesozoic marine deposits developed on the base of pre-Devonian crystal. This paper discusses the features of Jurassic reservoir and fluid inclusions based on adequate collecting and arrangement of the former research productions. The Jurassic reservoir in Qiangtang Basin is widely distributing with the main lithology of clastic reservoir and carbonate reservoir rocks, in which Qoimaco formation (J2q) and Xiali formation (J2x) composite mainly by clastic reservoir, Buqu formation(J2b) and Suowa formation(J3s) composite mainly by carbonate reservoirs, and Xueshan formation(J3x) composites with both. The reservoir fluid inclusions is comparatively with less quantity and smaller size. The smallest one is below 3mm, and the biggest one is no more than 30mm, with normal size between 5 and 10mm. The shape of the fluid inclusions is similar square, or rotundity or ellipse, and so on with comparatively regular, as well as other irregular inclusion. The inclusions are naturally random distributing with situation, as isolated, starred, scattered and so on. The Phase behaviors under the indoor temperature(25℃) are main including liquid H_2O inclusion, gas-liquid H_2O inclusion, liquid state hydrocarbon inclusion, gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusion, asphaltum inclusion and gas state hydrocarbon inclusion. After testing, the gas-liquid inclusion homogenization temperature varies between 103℃and 195℃(mostly varies between 130℃and 180℃),with average of 147℃; The salinity variation range varies between 0.35% and 2.07%,with average of 1.08%. Laser Raman Spectroscopic Analyses shows that the component of either the liquid state inclusion or the gas-liquid inclusion mainly is water. According to the homogenization temperature, we can find out that the oil and gas in this area are in maturation-high maturation evolution stage. From the calculation result of inclusion homogenization temperature and paleogeothermal gradients, the depth of oil reservoir varies between 2075m and 4375m,with mainly between 3100m and 4025m. From the shadow on the curve graph of geothemal bury history in Qiangtang basin, the oil-gas generated between 100Ma and 150Ma, in the late Jurassic to early cretaceous.
Qiangtang Basin is the composite basin with the main structure of Mesozoic marine deposits developed on the base of pre-Devonian crystal. This paper discusses the features of Jurassic reservoir and fluid inclusions based on adequate collecting and arrangement of the former research productions. The Jurassic reservoir in Qiangtang Basin is widely distributing with the main lithology of clastic reservoir and carbonate reservoir rocks, in which Qoimaco formation (J2q) and Xiali formation (J2x) composite mainly by clastic reservoir, Buqu formation(J2b) and Suowa formation(J3s) composite mainly by carbonate reservoirs, and Xueshan formation(J3x) composites with both. The reservoir fluid inclusions is comparatively with less quantity and smaller size. The smallest one is below 3mm, and the biggest one is no more than 30mm, with normal size between 5 and 10mm. The shape of the fluid inclusions is similar square, or rotundity or ellipse, and so on with comparatively regular, as well as other irregular inclusion. The inclusions are naturally random distributing with situation, as isolated, starred, scattered and so on. The Phase behaviors under the indoor temperature(25℃) are main including liquid H_2O inclusion, gas-liquid H_2O inclusion, liquid state hydrocarbon inclusion, gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusion, asphaltum inclusion and gas state hydrocarbon inclusion. After testing, the gas-liquid inclusion homogenization temperature varies between 103℃and 195℃(mostly varies between 130℃and 180℃),with average of 147℃; The salinity variation range varies between 0.35% and 2.07%,with average of 1.08%. Laser Raman Spectroscopic Analyses shows that the component of either the liquid state inclusion or the gas-liquid inclusion mainly is water. According to the homogenization temperature, we can find out that the oil and gas in this area are in maturation-high maturation evolution stage. From the calculation result of inclusion homogenization temperature and paleogeothermal gradients, the depth of oil reservoir varies between 2075m and 4375m,with mainly between 3100m and 4025m. From the shadow on the curve graph of geothemal bury history in Qiangtang basin, the oil-gas generated between 100Ma and 150Ma, in the late Jurassic to early cretaceous.
引文
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