我国海洋产业集聚时空特征、驱动机理及其与区域要素协调发展研究
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摘要
产业集聚的研究由来已久,特别是对陆域产业并基于企业微观层面研究,且更注重“自下而上”的或自发形成规律等方面的探讨。本篇论文是以海洋经济地理学中产业布局理论为着眼点,基于省际尺度研究产业集聚活动形成的时空特征与规律及其与资源环境的协调发展。海洋经济地理学是经济地理学的重要组成部分,海洋产业布局是海洋经济地理学研究的重要内容,而产业发展在空间上的非均衡性是产业布局的一般规律,在海洋产业布局中亦同样适用。关于海洋产业集聚问题的研究刚刚起步,它是对原有基于陆域产业形成的集聚理论的延伸与补充,中观尺度是微观产业企业活动与相互作用的综合表现,产业集聚的正负效应相伴而生,自主的形成过程往往带有盲目性,长远来看正效应的取得是以弥补更多的负效应为代价的。地理学视角更注重其时空二维性的特征,以海洋产业布局理论为出发点更注重在认识产业集聚规律基础上的“自上而下”的调控,尽可能减少盲目性,增强正效应,降低负效应,发挥人为因素在其中的积极作用,为我国海洋产业布局规划提供参考和理论依据。
明确本文的立足点和出发点是研究的关键,相关的概念与分类是定量分析的基础,因此,首先对相关学科的相关理论及相关概念和分类进行了整理和简析,并以海洋产业布局为视角进行了国内外相关文献的梳理和评述。在此基础上,以沿海11个省、市、自治区为研究对象,对我国海洋产业的集聚的时空特征进行了定性与定量的描述分析,利用集中化指数对海洋产业的集聚程度进行了测度,主要侧重集聚特征在时间上的变化,依海洋产业的集聚程度进行了类型划分,依在时间上的演变特征进行了阶段划分,并作对比分析；利用区位熵,excel及GIS等对海洋产业整体与各分类产业进行了空间特征的表达、描述与分析。海洋产业集聚的时空特征是各因素、各层次系统内部与系统之间复杂作用及循环累积效应作用下的外在表现。因此这部分的研究在收集分析产业集聚理论基础之上寻找总结海洋产业集聚的驱动因素,并进行逐一分析,最后基于系统论、耗散结构理论、协同学、循环累积因果理论等,构建了海洋产业集聚驱动机理理论模型。海洋产业集聚系统的发展在整体上是否是健康的,怎样发挥人为因素的积极作用是现实最为关注的问题,本文的最后选取了前文中测度的四个强集聚区,引入耦合协调度模型,对这四个区域进行了海洋产业集聚系统与资源环境系统协调度的测度和研究,通过对比四个强集聚区在时间上的变化特征,提出了我国海洋产业集聚发展的结论与建议。
Abstract:The industrial agglomeration has been researched for a long time, especially about terrestrial industries and enterprises based on micro-scale, focusing on the "bottom-up" or spontaneous formation. This thesis takes the industrial layout theory of the marine economic geography as a starting point, and researches spatio-temporal characteristics and formation law of marine industrial agglomeration activities and its coordination with the regional resources and environment in China based on interprovincial scale. Marine economic geography is an important part of economic geography, and marine industrial layout is also an important research. Non-balanced industrial development in space is a general law of industrial layout and it also works for marine industry layout. Research on marine industrial agglomeration begins lately, it is extension and supplement of the original industrial agglomeration theory based on terrestrial industries. The result of meso-scale is an overall performance of the activities and interacts of industries and micro-enterprises. Industrial agglomeration has positive effects accompanied with negative effects, so self-evolution often takes a risk of blindness. In the long run we obtain the positive effect at the cost of compensating for the negative effect. Geographic perspective focus on its Spatio-temporal characteristics, and marine industrial layout theory pay more attention to the "top-down" regulation and control on the basis of the understanding of industrial agglomeration law in order as much as possible to reduce the risk of blindness, to enhance the positive effects, to diminish the negative effects, and in the end to make human factors play a positive role and provide reference and theoretical basis for the layout plan of marine industries in China.
To clear the foothold and the starting point is the key to research, the concept and classification is the basis of quantitative analysis, therefore, this thesis first organizes and takes an brief analysis on the related concepts and classifications of the disciplines relevant to it, and based the perspective on the theory of marine industrial layout, the author arranges and observes the relevant literatures domestic and overseas. On this basis, taking the11coastal regions as the object of study, the thesis makes qualitative and quantitative description and analysis on spatio-temporal characteristics of China's marine industry:measuring the agglomeration degree of the marine by centralization index and mainly focusing on its temporal changes, dividing and phasing the marine industries according to the agglomeration degree and the evolution characteristics and making comparative analysis; on the other hand, this thesis also gives expression, description and analysis of the spatial characteristics to the marine industries by location entropy, excel and GIS. The spatio-tempora characteristics of marine industrial agglomeration is the external manifestation of the complex interaction and mutual interaction of various factors, various systems, with cumulative causation theory. Therefore, the research of this part summarizes the driving factors of marine industry agglomeration based on theories relevant to industrial agglomeration, makes analysis one by one, and constructs an driving mechanism theoretical model on the basis of system theory, dissipative structure theory, synergetics and cumulative causation theory. Whether the development of the marine industrial agglomeration system is healthy on the whole or not, and how to make human factors play an positive role of are questions of most concern. At the end of this thesis, the author selects four specimens, mesures and analysizes the coordination degree between the regional marine industrial agglomeration system and resource-environment system with the coupling coordination model, and through comparation and analysis, puts forword the conclusions and recommendations of the development of marine industrial agglomeration in China.
明确本文的立足点和出发点是研究的关键,相关的概念与分类是定量分析的基础,因此,首先对相关学科的相关理论及相关概念和分类进行了整理和简析,并以海洋产业布局为视角进行了国内外相关文献的梳理和评述。在此基础上,以沿海11个省、市、自治区为研究对象,对我国海洋产业的集聚的时空特征进行了定性与定量的描述分析,利用集中化指数对海洋产业的集聚程度进行了测度,主要侧重集聚特征在时间上的变化,依海洋产业的集聚程度进行了类型划分,依在时间上的演变特征进行了阶段划分,并作对比分析；利用区位熵,excel及GIS等对海洋产业整体与各分类产业进行了空间特征的表达、描述与分析。海洋产业集聚的时空特征是各因素、各层次系统内部与系统之间复杂作用及循环累积效应作用下的外在表现。因此这部分的研究在收集分析产业集聚理论基础之上寻找总结海洋产业集聚的驱动因素,并进行逐一分析,最后基于系统论、耗散结构理论、协同学、循环累积因果理论等,构建了海洋产业集聚驱动机理理论模型。海洋产业集聚系统的发展在整体上是否是健康的,怎样发挥人为因素的积极作用是现实最为关注的问题,本文的最后选取了前文中测度的四个强集聚区,引入耦合协调度模型,对这四个区域进行了海洋产业集聚系统与资源环境系统协调度的测度和研究,通过对比四个强集聚区在时间上的变化特征,提出了我国海洋产业集聚发展的结论与建议。
Abstract:The industrial agglomeration has been researched for a long time, especially about terrestrial industries and enterprises based on micro-scale, focusing on the "bottom-up" or spontaneous formation. This thesis takes the industrial layout theory of the marine economic geography as a starting point, and researches spatio-temporal characteristics and formation law of marine industrial agglomeration activities and its coordination with the regional resources and environment in China based on interprovincial scale. Marine economic geography is an important part of economic geography, and marine industrial layout is also an important research. Non-balanced industrial development in space is a general law of industrial layout and it also works for marine industry layout. Research on marine industrial agglomeration begins lately, it is extension and supplement of the original industrial agglomeration theory based on terrestrial industries. The result of meso-scale is an overall performance of the activities and interacts of industries and micro-enterprises. Industrial agglomeration has positive effects accompanied with negative effects, so self-evolution often takes a risk of blindness. In the long run we obtain the positive effect at the cost of compensating for the negative effect. Geographic perspective focus on its Spatio-temporal characteristics, and marine industrial layout theory pay more attention to the "top-down" regulation and control on the basis of the understanding of industrial agglomeration law in order as much as possible to reduce the risk of blindness, to enhance the positive effects, to diminish the negative effects, and in the end to make human factors play a positive role and provide reference and theoretical basis for the layout plan of marine industries in China.
To clear the foothold and the starting point is the key to research, the concept and classification is the basis of quantitative analysis, therefore, this thesis first organizes and takes an brief analysis on the related concepts and classifications of the disciplines relevant to it, and based the perspective on the theory of marine industrial layout, the author arranges and observes the relevant literatures domestic and overseas. On this basis, taking the11coastal regions as the object of study, the thesis makes qualitative and quantitative description and analysis on spatio-temporal characteristics of China's marine industry:measuring the agglomeration degree of the marine by centralization index and mainly focusing on its temporal changes, dividing and phasing the marine industries according to the agglomeration degree and the evolution characteristics and making comparative analysis; on the other hand, this thesis also gives expression, description and analysis of the spatial characteristics to the marine industries by location entropy, excel and GIS. The spatio-tempora characteristics of marine industrial agglomeration is the external manifestation of the complex interaction and mutual interaction of various factors, various systems, with cumulative causation theory. Therefore, the research of this part summarizes the driving factors of marine industry agglomeration based on theories relevant to industrial agglomeration, makes analysis one by one, and constructs an driving mechanism theoretical model on the basis of system theory, dissipative structure theory, synergetics and cumulative causation theory. Whether the development of the marine industrial agglomeration system is healthy on the whole or not, and how to make human factors play an positive role of are questions of most concern. At the end of this thesis, the author selects four specimens, mesures and analysizes the coordination degree between the regional marine industrial agglomeration system and resource-environment system with the coupling coordination model, and through comparation and analysis, puts forword the conclusions and recommendations of the development of marine industrial agglomeration in China.
引文
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