交叉场天线的场分析
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摘要
交叉场天线（Crossed-Field-Antennas）是一种新型的中波天线，它是由单独产生的辐射E场和H场直接合成坡印廷矢量并向外辐射能量的。CFA是一种非谐振天线，与传统的铁塔天线相比，具有尺寸小，占地面积小，传输效率高。而且CFA比铁塔天线有更大的地波辐射，感应场小，电磁兼容友好。因此，CFA提供了中波广播天线小型化的新思路，不仅安装方便，而且广播质量好。本文主要分析CFA的场，及场与尺寸之间的关系。
本文利用模拟电荷法及麦克斯韦方程对CFA的场进行仿真和计算，获得CFA的电场，磁场，及合成的坡印廷矢量的分布。考虑到天线尺寸对产生的场有影响，所以我们总结其规律，对设计实际天线提供参考。本文使用变尺度法对模拟电荷法进行了优化，并对选取的模拟电荷进行分析，提出经验化的选法。
本文程序采用C++与Matlab语言混合编制，结合两者的优点，既简化了程序又保持了C语言速度快的特点，成为CFA场研究的有力工具。经过大量的计算及理论分析，计算结果与已知结论一致，实现预期目的，证明了所编制的程序的正确性。
Crossed-Field-Antennas is a new kind of medium wave antenna,its electromagnetic waves are synthesized or captured in a small volume by two separately fed electrode systems,one produces the electric field,and the other produces the magnetic field. CFA is not a resonance antenna. Compares to the traditional antenna,it has many merits, such as small size, hige transmitted efficiency,more ground wave and friendly EMC.In this paper, we will analyse the field of CFA,and the relation of field and size.
CFA are calculated with Charge Simulation Method (CSM)and Maxwell equation in this paper. through which we will obtain the electic field,magntic field and Poynting vector.Then the effection of CFA’s size to field can sun up.We use DFP to optimize CSM,and obtain the rule of choosing the charge simulations.
The optimization CSM is programmed with the blend of C++ and Matlab languages, which combines the merits of the two languages. So the program is both simple and fast computing, that make it a powerful tool of studying CFA. The esults are accord well with the known conclusion, which prove the validity of the CSM program.
本文利用模拟电荷法及麦克斯韦方程对CFA的场进行仿真和计算，获得CFA的电场，磁场，及合成的坡印廷矢量的分布。考虑到天线尺寸对产生的场有影响，所以我们总结其规律，对设计实际天线提供参考。本文使用变尺度法对模拟电荷法进行了优化，并对选取的模拟电荷进行分析，提出经验化的选法。
本文程序采用C++与Matlab语言混合编制，结合两者的优点，既简化了程序又保持了C语言速度快的特点，成为CFA场研究的有力工具。经过大量的计算及理论分析，计算结果与已知结论一致，实现预期目的，证明了所编制的程序的正确性。
Crossed-Field-Antennas is a new kind of medium wave antenna,its electromagnetic waves are synthesized or captured in a small volume by two separately fed electrode systems,one produces the electric field,and the other produces the magnetic field. CFA is not a resonance antenna. Compares to the traditional antenna,it has many merits, such as small size, hige transmitted efficiency,more ground wave and friendly EMC.In this paper, we will analyse the field of CFA,and the relation of field and size.
CFA are calculated with Charge Simulation Method (CSM)and Maxwell equation in this paper. through which we will obtain the electic field,magntic field and Poynting vector.Then the effection of CFA’s size to field can sun up.We use DFP to optimize CSM,and obtain the rule of choosing the charge simulations.
The optimization CSM is programmed with the blend of C++ and Matlab languages, which combines the merits of the two languages. So the program is both simple and fast computing, that make it a powerful tool of studying CFA. The esults are accord well with the known conclusion, which prove the validity of the CSM program.
引文
[1] Kabbary Fmand & Fhattab M et al, Egyptian Broadcast Crossed-Field-Antennas, ABU Techn. Rev. 1999(9-10),11-22
[2] Hately Mcand and Kabbary Fmand, Radio Antenna , Patent Nos. Eg. UK 2215524; US5155495, AUS626210. 1989. 02. 02
[3] Kabbary Fmand, Hately Mcand and Stesart BG.. Maxwell’s Equations and the Crossed-Field-Antennas. Elestronics and Wireless World. V. 95. 1989. 3:216-218
[4] Hately Mcand, Kabbary Fmand and Stewart BG, Crossed-Field-Antennas: Working Assumption, Elestronics and Wireless World. V. 96. 1990. 12: 1094-1099
[5] Kabbary FM, Khattab M and Hately MC, Extremely Small Hige Power MW Broadcast Anteenas. IEE International Broadcast Conference (IBC), Amsterdam, 1997. 9. 10-12
[6] Kabbary FM, Khattab M, Stewart BG, Hately MC and Fayoumi A. Four Egyptian MW Broadcast Crossed-Field-Antennas. NAB 99 Conference, Las Vegas, 1999. 4. 17-22: 235-241
[7] Balinis CA, Antenna theory: Design and Analysis, Wiley and Sons. New York 1982:88
[8] Feyman RP, Leighton RB and Sands M. The Feyman Lectures on Physics v. 2, Addison Wesloy, Palo Alla 1965:23
[9] 广播电视技术手册，第七分册：2-19
[10] 李孝勋，天线，北京国防工业出版社，1995
[11] 谢处方，邱文杰，天线原理与设计，西北电讯工程学院出版社，1985
[12] 褚国桢，CFA--新型中波天线，广播与电视技术，2001，8
[13] 何晶莹，中波广播短天线，天馈线技术，2001.5
[14] Harold A. Wheeler. Fundamental Limitations of Small Anteenas. Proceedings of The I.R.E. 1947:1479-1484
[15] Kabbary FM, Khattab M, Fayoumi A, Swidan A. M and Hately M.C, Phasing and Matching Units for The CFA, Seventeenth National Radio Science Conference , Minufiya University, Egypt. Feb.22-24.
[16] 倪光正，钱秀英，电磁场数值计算，高等教育出版社，1996
[17] 盛剑霓，电磁场数值分析，科学出版社，1984
[18] M. D. R. Beasley et al., Comparative Study of Three Methods for Computing Electric Fields, Proc. IEE, Vol. 126, No.1, 1979, p. 126-134.
[19] B. Bachmann, Models for Computeation Mixed Fields with the Charge Simulation Method, ISH, Milan, 1979
[20] 盛剑霓,距量--模拟电荷法，西安交工大学学报，16卷2期，1982。
[21] W. Murray(Ed.), Numberical Method for Unconstrained Optimization, Academic Press, London, 1972
[22] H. Steinbigler, Combined Application of Finite Element Method and Charge Simulation Method for the Computeation of Electric Field, ISH, Milan, 1979
[23] 席少霖，无约束最优化方法简介，计算机应用与应用数学，1976，11
[24] Y. L. Chow et al., Static-Field Computations by the Method of Optimised Simulated Image, Proc. IEE, Vol. 126, 1979, p.123-125
[25] 文舸一，徐金平，漆一宏，电磁场数值计算的现代方法，河南科学技术出版社，1994
[26] 徐成贤，陈志平，李乃成，近代优化方法，科学出版社，2002
[27] 龚剑，朱亮，MATLAB5.x入门与提高，清华大学出版社，2000
[28] 王沫然，MATLAB 6.0与科学计算，电子工业出版社，2001
[29] MATLAB C++ Book , Publishde by Lephan Publishing, 2002
[2] Hately Mcand and Kabbary Fmand, Radio Antenna , Patent Nos. Eg. UK 2215524; US5155495, AUS626210. 1989. 02. 02
[3] Kabbary Fmand, Hately Mcand and Stesart BG.. Maxwell’s Equations and the Crossed-Field-Antennas. Elestronics and Wireless World. V. 95. 1989. 3:216-218
[4] Hately Mcand, Kabbary Fmand and Stewart BG, Crossed-Field-Antennas: Working Assumption, Elestronics and Wireless World. V. 96. 1990. 12: 1094-1099
[5] Kabbary FM, Khattab M and Hately MC, Extremely Small Hige Power MW Broadcast Anteenas. IEE International Broadcast Conference (IBC), Amsterdam, 1997. 9. 10-12
[6] Kabbary FM, Khattab M, Stewart BG, Hately MC and Fayoumi A. Four Egyptian MW Broadcast Crossed-Field-Antennas. NAB 99 Conference, Las Vegas, 1999. 4. 17-22: 235-241
[7] Balinis CA, Antenna theory: Design and Analysis, Wiley and Sons. New York 1982:88
[8] Feyman RP, Leighton RB and Sands M. The Feyman Lectures on Physics v. 2, Addison Wesloy, Palo Alla 1965:23
[9] 广播电视技术手册，第七分册：2-19
[10] 李孝勋，天线，北京国防工业出版社，1995
[11] 谢处方，邱文杰，天线原理与设计，西北电讯工程学院出版社，1985
[12] 褚国桢，CFA--新型中波天线，广播与电视技术，2001，8
[13] 何晶莹，中波广播短天线，天馈线技术，2001.5
[14] Harold A. Wheeler. Fundamental Limitations of Small Anteenas. Proceedings of The I.R.E. 1947:1479-1484
[15] Kabbary FM, Khattab M, Fayoumi A, Swidan A. M and Hately M.C, Phasing and Matching Units for The CFA, Seventeenth National Radio Science Conference , Minufiya University, Egypt. Feb.22-24.
[16] 倪光正，钱秀英，电磁场数值计算，高等教育出版社，1996
[17] 盛剑霓，电磁场数值分析，科学出版社，1984
[18] M. D. R. Beasley et al., Comparative Study of Three Methods for Computing Electric Fields, Proc. IEE, Vol. 126, No.1, 1979, p. 126-134.
[19] B. Bachmann, Models for Computeation Mixed Fields with the Charge Simulation Method, ISH, Milan, 1979
[20] 盛剑霓,距量--模拟电荷法，西安交工大学学报，16卷2期，1982。
[21] W. Murray(Ed.), Numberical Method for Unconstrained Optimization, Academic Press, London, 1972
[22] H. Steinbigler, Combined Application of Finite Element Method and Charge Simulation Method for the Computeation of Electric Field, ISH, Milan, 1979
[23] 席少霖，无约束最优化方法简介，计算机应用与应用数学，1976，11
[24] Y. L. Chow et al., Static-Field Computations by the Method of Optimised Simulated Image, Proc. IEE, Vol. 126, 1979, p.123-125
[25] 文舸一，徐金平，漆一宏，电磁场数值计算的现代方法，河南科学技术出版社，1994
[26] 徐成贤，陈志平，李乃成，近代优化方法，科学出版社，2002
[27] 龚剑，朱亮，MATLAB5.x入门与提高，清华大学出版社，2000
[28] 王沫然，MATLAB 6.0与科学计算，电子工业出版社，2001
[29] MATLAB C++ Book , Publishde by Lephan Publishing, 2002