石灰软化—微滤技术处理电厂循环冷却排污水的应用研究
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摘要
随着水资源短缺和水污染情况的日益严重,水已成为火力发电行业发展的制约因素。在电厂用水中,循环冷却水用量占相当比重,其中循环冷却水的排污水损失量较多,具有很大的节水潜力。保定热电厂采用石灰软化和微滤工艺处理该电厂的循环冷却排污水,处理出水回用作电厂循环水补充水。本文对该厂所采用的工艺进行了理论分析和工业性应用实验研究。结果表明,石灰软化法可大大降低循环冷却排污水的硬度和碱度,微滤可有效去除水中的悬浮物,降低胶体含量,保证出水SDI<4,处理出水水质完全满足厂内对循环补充水水质的要求,而且该系统运行稳定可靠,经济效益和社会效益显著。
With the pollution and shortage of water resource being serious day by day, water resource has already become the restriction factor of the power industry. Recycling cooling water takes great proportion in the power plant water dosage, and the recycling cooling water blowdown always lost so much during the process of circulating, that the potential of saving the cooling water was great. Lime softening and Microfiltration were used to treat the Baoding power plant circulating cooling sewage so as to use it for the make-up circulation water. The theory of lime softening and MF was analyzed and experimentation and research was carried through to the actual project. The results of the project showed that lime softening could effectively reduce the rigidity and hardness of the circulating cooling water. At the same time, the MF could mostly wipe off the suspended particles and reduce the content of colloid in the circulating cooling water. The SDI of output water could be ensured fewer than 4. The worked water fufiled the very request of the water quality of the plant.
The research and development of this technology will open up a new way in order to solve the water resource of power plant problem of our country.
With the pollution and shortage of water resource being serious day by day, water resource has already become the restriction factor of the power industry. Recycling cooling water takes great proportion in the power plant water dosage, and the recycling cooling water blowdown always lost so much during the process of circulating, that the potential of saving the cooling water was great. Lime softening and Microfiltration were used to treat the Baoding power plant circulating cooling sewage so as to use it for the make-up circulation water. The theory of lime softening and MF was analyzed and experimentation and research was carried through to the actual project. The results of the project showed that lime softening could effectively reduce the rigidity and hardness of the circulating cooling water. At the same time, the MF could mostly wipe off the suspended particles and reduce the content of colloid in the circulating cooling water. The SDI of output water could be ensured fewer than 4. The worked water fufiled the very request of the water quality of the plant.
The research and development of this technology will open up a new way in order to solve the water resource of power plant problem of our country.
引文
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[27] 赵广英,罗敏,王占生.地下水净化中的膜污染研究.给水排水,1999,25(8):5～7
[28] Bacterial Adhesion and Fouling of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Jour.of AWWA
[29] Microfiltration:a case study Jour. of AWWA 1995, (3):38～ 49
[30]Assessing Hollow-Fiber Ultrafiltration for Particulate Removed Jour.of AWWA 1989, (9):68～75
[31] Mass Transport Consideration for Pressure-Driven Membrane processes Jour.of AWWA 1992, (1):88～95
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[34] B.Chakravorty, A.Layson.Ideal feed pretreatment for reverse osmosis by continuous microfiltration. Desalination .1997, (110):143～150
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[36] G. Tanny, R. D Agostino and M. Wilf, Membrane microfiltration as a pretreatment for seawater reverse osmosis. Proceedings of the 7th International Symposiμm on Fresh Water from the Sea. Amsterdam ,1980 ,307～317
[37] B. Ericson and B. Hallmans. Membrane filtration as a pretreatment method a cost comparison. proceedings of IDA world Conference onDesalination and Water Reuse, Washington,August 1991. 318～330
[38] 沙中魁,李永河,王同春.微滤膜及微滤技术用于反渗透预处理的研究.电力建设,2001,22(10):26-29
[39] 王平,李立新,曹培刚,等.浅谈反渗透脱盐的预处理.河北电力技术,2004,23(4):36～40
[40] B.Chakravorty, A.Layson.Ideal feed pretreatment for reverse osmosis by continuous microfiltration. Desalination . 1997, (110):143-150
[2] 龙荷云.循环冷却水处理(第三版).江苏科学技术出版,2001.17～18
[3] 万仪,杨娟.我国水资源的严峻性及其处理对策.福建水土保持,2001,13(1):15～19
[4] 肖锦.城市污水处理及回用技术(第一版) .北京:化学工业出版社
[5] 董辅祥.节约用水原理及方法指南.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995.121～123
[6] 龙荷云.循环冷却水处理(第三版).江苏科学技术出版,2001.49～50
[7] 施燮钧.火力发电厂水质净化(第一版) .水利电力出版社. 76～77
[8] 邹利安,刘灿.二级城市污水处理厂出水直接过滤回用的研究与实践.给水排水,1997, 23(8): 21～23
[9] 施燮钧. 热力发电厂水处理[M] .北京:中国电力出版社,1996.66～69
[10] 李金荣,王鼎臣,等.石灰处理去除水中有机物.华东电力,1993,(7):1 4
[11] 沈继军,潘浩,李玉刚.石灰软化法处理循环冷却水[J].东北电力技术,2004,25(6):30-33
[12] 许振良.污水处理膜技术的研究进展. 净水技术,2000,19(1):3～7
[13] 张玉忠,郑领英,高从楷.液体分离膜技术及应用.北京:化学工业出版社,2003.72～73
[14] Karimi,A A,Vickers J C,Harasick R F. Micro filtration goes Hollyond: the los Angeles experience jour AWWA,2001: 93～103
[15] Spencer P. International membrane directory [J]. Filtration & Separation,1998,35(1):45～58
[16] Spencer P. 1999 ～ 2000 world buyers’ guide and directory of filtration and separation manufactures and suppliers-membrane filters[J]. Filtration & Separation1999,36(7):112～120
[17] Mellvaine Company. Cross-flow filtration sales this year will top US$4.7 billion .forecasts market study [J]. Membrane Technology, 2000:121～129
[18] 邵刚.膜法水处理技术.北京:冶金工业出版社,1991.4～7
[19] 郑领英,王学松.膜技术.化学工业出版社,2002. 4～5
[20] Taylor J S.Reduction of disinfection by-product precursors bynanofiltration Washington:EPA 600/SR -92/023, 1992.92～99
[21] 张玉忠,郑领英,等. 液体分离膜技术及应用[M].化学工业出版社.2004
[22] 刘茉娥.膜分离技术.北京:化学工业出版社,1998
[23] [美] Winston Ho W S,Sirkar K K.膜手册.(张金诚等编译)北京:海洋出版社,1999
[24] 王湛.膜分离技术基础.北京:化学工业出版社,2000
[25] 罗敏,王占生,侯立安.纳滤膜污染的分析与机理研究.水处理技术,1998, 24(6):318～322
[26] 刘昌胜,邬行彦.膜的污染及其清洗.膜科学与技术,1996,16(2):25～30
[27] 赵广英,罗敏,王占生.地下水净化中的膜污染研究.给水排水,1999,25(8):5～7
[28] Bacterial Adhesion and Fouling of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Jour.of AWWA
[29] Microfiltration:a case study Jour. of AWWA 1995, (3):38～ 49
[30]Assessing Hollow-Fiber Ultrafiltration for Particulate Removed Jour.of AWWA 1989, (9):68～75
[31] Mass Transport Consideration for Pressure-Driven Membrane processes Jour.of AWWA 1992, (1):88～95
[32] 董秉直,曹达文,熊毅.UF 膜与混凝联用处理淮河水的中试研究.给水排水.2003, 29(7):31～34
[33] 徐峰,操家顺,蔡娟.反渗透工艺处理电厂循环冷却排污水.工业给排水,2004:30(6)40～42
[34] B.Chakravorty, A.Layson.Ideal feed pretreatment for reverse osmosis by continuous microfiltration. Desalination .1997, (110):143～150
[35] Bruce Durham, Andy Walton.Membrance pretreatment of reverse osmosis: long term experience on difficult waters , Desalination.1999, (122):157～158
[36] G. Tanny, R. D Agostino and M. Wilf, Membrane microfiltration as a pretreatment for seawater reverse osmosis. Proceedings of the 7th International Symposiμm on Fresh Water from the Sea. Amsterdam ,1980 ,307～317
[37] B. Ericson and B. Hallmans. Membrane filtration as a pretreatment method a cost comparison. proceedings of IDA world Conference onDesalination and Water Reuse, Washington,August 1991. 318～330
[38] 沙中魁,李永河,王同春.微滤膜及微滤技术用于反渗透预处理的研究.电力建设,2001,22(10):26-29
[39] 王平,李立新,曹培刚,等.浅谈反渗透脱盐的预处理.河北电力技术,2004,23(4):36～40
[40] B.Chakravorty, A.Layson.Ideal feed pretreatment for reverse osmosis by continuous microfiltration. Desalination . 1997, (110):143-150