工业废水回用于锅炉补给水的应用研究
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摘要
废水回用是解决水资源短缺与水污染问题的有效途径;本文结合某电厂的工程实况,通过对工程原有水系统的分析,提出了用MF或UF膜处理工业废水回用于锅炉补给水的工艺方案,并对此方案的技术与经济可行性进行了分析;然后,分析对比了几家MF和UF处理厂家的现场中试结果,证实了用MF和UF处理工业废水回用于锅炉补给水的可行性,通过对各厂家的运行稳定性、出水水质、运行费用等方面的分析对比,确定了CMF-S处理工艺系统;而后,分析了原水水质、膜材质、操作参数对微滤膜过滤特性的影响,对微滤膜污染的防治进行了研究,实现了系统的优化。最后对处理能力为610m~3/h的CMF-S工业废水处理系统的工艺部分进行了设计。
Wastewater reusing is a means to solve water scarcity and pollution. Based on analysis of the existing water system about one power plant’s wastewater treatment project, a scheme employing MF or UF membrane system to reuse industrial wastewater as boiler feed-water make-up is put forward and it’s technology and economic feasibility is studied. Subsequently, the results of several MF/UF companies’pilot study are investigated. The MF or UF treatment system is proved feasible. According to the anlysis and compare of the operating stability, yielding water quality and operating costs between these companies, the CMF-S is selected. Furthermore, the effect of feed water quality, membrane material and operation condition on MF performance is discussed, the control of membrane’fouling is studied and system optimize is realized as a result. Finally, a CMF-S system that can produce 610m~3/h water is designed.
Wastewater reusing is a means to solve water scarcity and pollution. Based on analysis of the existing water system about one power plant’s wastewater treatment project, a scheme employing MF or UF membrane system to reuse industrial wastewater as boiler feed-water make-up is put forward and it’s technology and economic feasibility is studied. Subsequently, the results of several MF/UF companies’pilot study are investigated. The MF or UF treatment system is proved feasible. According to the anlysis and compare of the operating stability, yielding water quality and operating costs between these companies, the CMF-S is selected. Furthermore, the effect of feed water quality, membrane material and operation condition on MF performance is discussed, the control of membrane’fouling is studied and system optimize is realized as a result. Finally, a CMF-S system that can produce 610m~3/h water is designed.
引文
[1] 汪恕诚.落实科学发展观 全面推进节水型社会建设.人民日报,2004-3-22
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[3] 陆柱,陈中兴,蔡兰坤,等.水处理技术.上海:华东理工大学出版社,2000
[4] 何亚丹,刘东,李波.辽河流域水环境现状及其污染防止对策.东北水利水电,1997(4):21～24
[5] 孙创发,姚生勤.涑水河水污染现状及对策.山西水利,2004(2):37～38
[6] 王晓明,仲铭锦,廖文波,等.珠江口沿岸地区资源环境及其可持续发展措施.中山大学学报(自然科学版),2003,42(6):73～77
[7] 李万江,杨菊,张惠芳等.奎河污染对沿岸少年儿童血红蛋白含量影响的调查研究.安徽预防医学杂志,1998,4(2):125～128
[8] 罗玉芳.污染水及对污染致病问题的研究.地下水,2001,23(3):121
[9] Magazzu, G.; Romeo, G.; Azzaro, F.; et al. Chemical pollution from uban and industrial sewages in Augusta Bay (Sicily). Water Science and Technology,1995,32,(9-10):221～229
[10] Zoran, Maria. Northwestern black sea coastal zone environmental changes detection by satellite remote sensing data. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,5239, Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring, GIS Applications, and Geology III,2004,81～88
[11] M. Masson, G. Deans. Membrane filtration and reverse osmosis purification of sewage: Secondary effluent for re-use at Eraring Power Station. Desalination,1996,106:11～15
[12] Michael Wethern , William Katzaras. Reverse osmosis treatment of municipal sewage effluent for industrial reuse. Desalination,1995,102:293～299
[13] Manuel P. del Pino, Bruce Durham. Wastewater reuse through dual-membrane processes: opportunities for sustainable water resources. Desalination,1999,124:271～277
[14] 沙中魁,谢长血,李杰.火电厂循环水排污水的回收利用.电力建设,2001,22(8):50～52
[15] 张贵祥,董建国,李志民,等. 火电厂废水“零排放”设计研究与应用. 电力建设,2004,25(2):52～54,69
[16] 李进,许兆义,于海琴.微滤/反渗透处理、回用循环冷却排水.中国给水排水,2004,20(9):47～49
[17] 许本辉.电厂锅炉补给水系统全膜水处理技术应用研究.科技情报开发与经济,2004,14(1):169～171
[18] 莫莉萍.双膜法回用电厂循环冷却排污水的研究:[华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2005
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[20] 尹秋生,罗衍一.试论污水无害化治理对生态环境的影响及对策.2003 年内蒙古自治区自然科学学术年会优秀论文集,2003,10 月,176-178
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[22] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T18916.1-2002.取水定额第一部分:火力发电.北京:中国标准出版社,2002-12-20
[23] 王佩璋.火电厂节水减排的水务管理技术与考核指标.电力设备,2005,6(3):74～76
[24] 张萍,姚念民,雅菁,等.城市污水再生利用的生物安全性.中国给水排水,2003,19(8):95～96
[25] 张捍民,张威,王宝贞.膜技术处理饮用水的研究.给排水,2002,28(3):21～24
[26] 郑领英,王学松.膜技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2000.11:4～6
[27] 邵刚.膜法水处理技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社,2002.3～4
[28] 王静,张雨山.超滤膜和微滤膜在污(废)水处理中的应用研究现状及发展趋势.工业水处理,2001,21(3):4～8
[29] Bruce Durham, Marie Marguerite Bourbigot, Tom Panktatz.Membranes as pretreatment to desalination in wastewater reuse:operating experience in the municipal and industrial sectors. Desalination, 2001,138:83～90
[30] 付伟,王琼琳,项贤富.浅述工业废水回用技术.水处理技术,2004,30(3):185～186
[31] 丁志斌,查吕应,张平等.微滤技术再处理地表原水中的应用探讨.工业水处理,2003,23(7):16～19
[32] R.W. Field,D. Wu, J.A. Howell,et al. Critical flux concept for microfiltration fouling. Journal of Membrane Science,1995,100:259～272
[33] John A.Howell.Sub-critical flux operation of microfiltration.Journal of Membrane Science,1995,107:165~171
[34] 王春梅,谷和平用微滤膜处理含油废水过程的数学模型及验证.南京师大学报(工程技术版),2001,1(2):42～48
[35] 邢卫红,童金忠,徐南平,等.陶瓷微滤膜回收钛白粉水洗液中 TiO2颗粒中试与现场考核.化学工程,2001,29(3):44～48,4
[36] 徐农,黄江丽,施汉昌等.无机膜过滤黑液的操作条件选择.环境科学研究,2004,17(4):67～69
[37] 王虹,谷和平,王义刚,等.膜分离技术处理含胶乳废水的研究.江苏化工,2001,29(6):40～43
[38] S. P. Hong, T. H. Bae, T. M. Tak, et al. Fouling control in activated sludge submerged hollow fiber membrane bioreactors. Desalination, 2002,143:219～228
[39] Kyu-Hong Ahn,Kyung-Guen Song.Application of microfiltration with a novel fouling control method for reuse of wastewater from a large-scale resort complex.Desalination,2000,129:207～216
[40] E.M. van Voorthuizen, N.J. Ashbolt, A.I. Sch?fer. Role of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions for initial enteric virus retention by MF membranes.2001,194:69～79
[41] 张颖,顾平,齐庚申.膜技术应用于饮用水处理的进展,2001,17(5):29～32.
[42] 童金忠,邢卫红,徐南平,等.陶瓷微滤膜强化过程的工艺条件研究.膜科学与技术,1999,19(3):36～40,43
[43] A. L. Lim,Renbi Bai.Membrane fouling and cleaning in microfiltration of activated sludge wastewater. Journal of Membrane Science,2003,216:279~290
[44] 张颖,顾平,谭丁.膜混凝反应器处理轻度污染地表水.天津大学学报,2003,36(2):187～191
[45] W.S. Guo, S. Vigneswaran,H.H. Ngo,H. Chapman.Experimental investigation of adsorption-flocculation-microfiltration hybrid system in wastewater reuse.Journal of Membrane Science,2004,242:27~35
[46] 白晓琴,赵英,顾平.膜分离技术在饮用水处理中的应用.水处理技术,2005,31(9):1～5
[47] 莫罹,黄霞,李琳.混凝-微滤膜净化微污染水源水的研究.给水排水,2001,27(8):12～15
[48] B. Schlichter, V. Mavrov, H. Chmiel.Study of hybrid process combining ozonation and membrane filtration—filtration of model solutions. Desalination,2003,156:257~265
[49] 张世军,谢刚.膜集成污水再生技术.甘肃环境研究与监测,2002,15(4):278～281
[50] S.B. Sadr Ghayeni, S.S. Madaeni, A.G. Fane et al. Aspects of microfiltration and reverse osmosis in municipal wastewater reuse. Desalination,1996,106:25~29
[51] Kaichang Yu, Xianghua Wen, QingJie Bu, et al.Critical flux enhancements with air sparging in axial hollow fibers cross-flow microfiltration of biologically treated wastewater.Journal of Membrane Science,2003,224:69~79
[52] Kyu-Hong Ahn,Kyung-Guen Song. Application of microfiltration with a novel fouling control method for reuse of wastewater from a large-scale resort complex.Dseslination,2000,129:207~216
[53] 莫罹,黄霞.微滤膜处理微污染原水研究.中国给水排水,2002,18(4):40～43
[54] 莫罹,黄霞,吴金铃.混凝-微滤膜组合净水工艺中膜过滤特性及其影响因素.环境科学,2002,23(2):45～49
[55] Rishi Sondhi, Ramesh Bhave.Role of backpulsing in fouling minimization in crossflow filtration with ceramic membranes.Journal of Membrane Science,2001,186:41~52
[56] 莫罹,黄霞,吴金铃,等.混凝-微滤膜净水工艺的膜污染特征及其清洗.中国环境科学,2002,22(3):258～262
[57] J. Paul Chen, S.L. Kim, Y.P. Ting.Optimization of membrane physical and chemical cleaning by a statistically designed approach. Journal of Membrane Science,2003,219:27~45
[58] Kyu-Hong Ahn, Kyung-Guen Song.Treatment of domestic wastewater using microfiltration for reuse of wastewater. Desalination,1999,126:7~14
[59] 钟璟,孙晓娟,蒋培华等.处理炼油厂“三泥”水相的陶瓷微滤膜再生方法的研究.江苏石油化工学院学报,2001,13(3):32～34
[2] 贾绍凤,何希吾,夏军.中国水资源安全问题及对策.中国科学院院刊,2004,19(5):347～351
[3] 陆柱,陈中兴,蔡兰坤,等.水处理技术.上海:华东理工大学出版社,2000
[4] 何亚丹,刘东,李波.辽河流域水环境现状及其污染防止对策.东北水利水电,1997(4):21～24
[5] 孙创发,姚生勤.涑水河水污染现状及对策.山西水利,2004(2):37～38
[6] 王晓明,仲铭锦,廖文波,等.珠江口沿岸地区资源环境及其可持续发展措施.中山大学学报(自然科学版),2003,42(6):73～77
[7] 李万江,杨菊,张惠芳等.奎河污染对沿岸少年儿童血红蛋白含量影响的调查研究.安徽预防医学杂志,1998,4(2):125～128
[8] 罗玉芳.污染水及对污染致病问题的研究.地下水,2001,23(3):121
[9] Magazzu, G.; Romeo, G.; Azzaro, F.; et al. Chemical pollution from uban and industrial sewages in Augusta Bay (Sicily). Water Science and Technology,1995,32,(9-10):221～229
[10] Zoran, Maria. Northwestern black sea coastal zone environmental changes detection by satellite remote sensing data. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,5239, Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring, GIS Applications, and Geology III,2004,81～88
[11] M. Masson, G. Deans. Membrane filtration and reverse osmosis purification of sewage: Secondary effluent for re-use at Eraring Power Station. Desalination,1996,106:11～15
[12] Michael Wethern , William Katzaras. Reverse osmosis treatment of municipal sewage effluent for industrial reuse. Desalination,1995,102:293～299
[13] Manuel P. del Pino, Bruce Durham. Wastewater reuse through dual-membrane processes: opportunities for sustainable water resources. Desalination,1999,124:271～277
[14] 沙中魁,谢长血,李杰.火电厂循环水排污水的回收利用.电力建设,2001,22(8):50～52
[15] 张贵祥,董建国,李志民,等. 火电厂废水“零排放”设计研究与应用. 电力建设,2004,25(2):52～54,69
[16] 李进,许兆义,于海琴.微滤/反渗透处理、回用循环冷却排水.中国给水排水,2004,20(9):47～49
[17] 许本辉.电厂锅炉补给水系统全膜水处理技术应用研究.科技情报开发与经济,2004,14(1):169～171
[18] 莫莉萍.双膜法回用电厂循环冷却排污水的研究:[华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2005
[19] Cotman,M;Zagorc-Koncan,J;Drolc,A.Study of impacts of treated wastewater to the Krka river, Slovenia. Water Science and Technology,2001,44(6):47～54
[20] 尹秋生,罗衍一.试论污水无害化治理对生态环境的影响及对策.2003 年内蒙古自治区自然科学学术年会优秀论文集,2003,10 月,176-178
[21] 国家环境保护总局和国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB3838-2002.地表水环境质量标准. 北京:中国标准出版社,2002-4-26
[22] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T18916.1-2002.取水定额第一部分:火力发电.北京:中国标准出版社,2002-12-20
[23] 王佩璋.火电厂节水减排的水务管理技术与考核指标.电力设备,2005,6(3):74～76
[24] 张萍,姚念民,雅菁,等.城市污水再生利用的生物安全性.中国给水排水,2003,19(8):95～96
[25] 张捍民,张威,王宝贞.膜技术处理饮用水的研究.给排水,2002,28(3):21～24
[26] 郑领英,王学松.膜技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2000.11:4～6
[27] 邵刚.膜法水处理技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社,2002.3～4
[28] 王静,张雨山.超滤膜和微滤膜在污(废)水处理中的应用研究现状及发展趋势.工业水处理,2001,21(3):4～8
[29] Bruce Durham, Marie Marguerite Bourbigot, Tom Panktatz.Membranes as pretreatment to desalination in wastewater reuse:operating experience in the municipal and industrial sectors. Desalination, 2001,138:83～90
[30] 付伟,王琼琳,项贤富.浅述工业废水回用技术.水处理技术,2004,30(3):185～186
[31] 丁志斌,查吕应,张平等.微滤技术再处理地表原水中的应用探讨.工业水处理,2003,23(7):16～19
[32] R.W. Field,D. Wu, J.A. Howell,et al. Critical flux concept for microfiltration fouling. Journal of Membrane Science,1995,100:259～272
[33] John A.Howell.Sub-critical flux operation of microfiltration.Journal of Membrane Science,1995,107:165~171
[34] 王春梅,谷和平用微滤膜处理含油废水过程的数学模型及验证.南京师大学报(工程技术版),2001,1(2):42～48
[35] 邢卫红,童金忠,徐南平,等.陶瓷微滤膜回收钛白粉水洗液中 TiO2颗粒中试与现场考核.化学工程,2001,29(3):44～48,4
[36] 徐农,黄江丽,施汉昌等.无机膜过滤黑液的操作条件选择.环境科学研究,2004,17(4):67～69
[37] 王虹,谷和平,王义刚,等.膜分离技术处理含胶乳废水的研究.江苏化工,2001,29(6):40～43
[38] S. P. Hong, T. H. Bae, T. M. Tak, et al. Fouling control in activated sludge submerged hollow fiber membrane bioreactors. Desalination, 2002,143:219～228
[39] Kyu-Hong Ahn,Kyung-Guen Song.Application of microfiltration with a novel fouling control method for reuse of wastewater from a large-scale resort complex.Desalination,2000,129:207～216
[40] E.M. van Voorthuizen, N.J. Ashbolt, A.I. Sch?fer. Role of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions for initial enteric virus retention by MF membranes.2001,194:69～79
[41] 张颖,顾平,齐庚申.膜技术应用于饮用水处理的进展,2001,17(5):29～32.
[42] 童金忠,邢卫红,徐南平,等.陶瓷微滤膜强化过程的工艺条件研究.膜科学与技术,1999,19(3):36～40,43
[43] A. L. Lim,Renbi Bai.Membrane fouling and cleaning in microfiltration of activated sludge wastewater. Journal of Membrane Science,2003,216:279~290
[44] 张颖,顾平,谭丁.膜混凝反应器处理轻度污染地表水.天津大学学报,2003,36(2):187～191
[45] W.S. Guo, S. Vigneswaran,H.H. Ngo,H. Chapman.Experimental investigation of adsorption-flocculation-microfiltration hybrid system in wastewater reuse.Journal of Membrane Science,2004,242:27~35
[46] 白晓琴,赵英,顾平.膜分离技术在饮用水处理中的应用.水处理技术,2005,31(9):1～5
[47] 莫罹,黄霞,李琳.混凝-微滤膜净化微污染水源水的研究.给水排水,2001,27(8):12～15
[48] B. Schlichter, V. Mavrov, H. Chmiel.Study of hybrid process combining ozonation and membrane filtration—filtration of model solutions. Desalination,2003,156:257~265
[49] 张世军,谢刚.膜集成污水再生技术.甘肃环境研究与监测,2002,15(4):278～281
[50] S.B. Sadr Ghayeni, S.S. Madaeni, A.G. Fane et al. Aspects of microfiltration and reverse osmosis in municipal wastewater reuse. Desalination,1996,106:25~29
[51] Kaichang Yu, Xianghua Wen, QingJie Bu, et al.Critical flux enhancements with air sparging in axial hollow fibers cross-flow microfiltration of biologically treated wastewater.Journal of Membrane Science,2003,224:69~79
[52] Kyu-Hong Ahn,Kyung-Guen Song. Application of microfiltration with a novel fouling control method for reuse of wastewater from a large-scale resort complex.Dseslination,2000,129:207~216
[53] 莫罹,黄霞.微滤膜处理微污染原水研究.中国给水排水,2002,18(4):40～43
[54] 莫罹,黄霞,吴金铃.混凝-微滤膜组合净水工艺中膜过滤特性及其影响因素.环境科学,2002,23(2):45～49
[55] Rishi Sondhi, Ramesh Bhave.Role of backpulsing in fouling minimization in crossflow filtration with ceramic membranes.Journal of Membrane Science,2001,186:41~52
[56] 莫罹,黄霞,吴金铃,等.混凝-微滤膜净水工艺的膜污染特征及其清洗.中国环境科学,2002,22(3):258～262
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[58] Kyu-Hong Ahn, Kyung-Guen Song.Treatment of domestic wastewater using microfiltration for reuse of wastewater. Desalination,1999,126:7~14
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