电泳芯片非接触电导检测器的研究
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摘要
作为微全分析系统重要研究方向的毛细管电泳芯片以其高效、快速、微量、易自动化等优点,在生命科学、医学药物、环境保护等领域得到了极其广泛的应用。但是,目前其检测器尚未实现与电泳芯片一体化集成,严重阻碍了电泳芯片分析系统向集成化、微型化方向发展。本论文针对这一问题,根据非接触电导检测器具有结构简单、易于与电泳芯片一体化集成的优点,进行非接触电导检测器的相关理论和关键技术研究。
本论文在国家自然科学基金的资助下,围绕电泳芯片检测器难以微型化、集成化的问题,在分析研究国内外电泳芯片检测器集成化现状和趋势的基础上,提出在电泳芯片分离沟道上集成非接触电导检测器的方案;通过对两电极和四电极非接触电导检测器理论分析和实验研究,获得了这两种非接触电导检测器的相关参数。为在电泳芯片上研制非接触电导检测器奠定了一定的技术基础。论文主要研究工作是:
1.在查阅电泳芯片检测器集成化研究文献的基础上,分析了目前国内外电泳芯片检测器集成化研究的现状与趋势,比较了几种检测器在集成技术上面临的问题,提出了在电泳芯片分离沟道上集成非接触电导检测器的方案。
2.在了解非接触电导检测器的结构及工作原理的基础上,根据非接触电导检测器响应电流公式,分析了绝缘层、电极尺寸、电极数目、检测对象对电导响应电流的影响。
3.建立了两电极和四电极非接触电导检测器等效模型,计算了等效模型中的电容、电阻,利用OrCAD软件,对不同的激励源频率、溶液浓度、电极尺寸、电极数目等条件下电导响应电流的输出进行了模拟分析。
4.进行了两电极和四电极非接触电导检测器响应实验,对不同激励源幅值、激励源频率、溶液浓度、电极尺寸、电极数目等条件下电导响应电流进行了测试。
5.研究了基于锁相放大原理的非接触电导检测器检测电路,并对信号发生器、相敏检波器、低通滤波电路进行了初步设计。
As an important research direction of micro total analytical system (μ-TAS), the electrophoresis chip, with the characteristics of high performance, fast speed, low regent consumption and easy automation, is more and more frequently being employed in life science, biomedicine, environment protection, and so on. But the detection part can’t be integrated into the microchip at present, which sets back the development of electrophoresis chip analysis system to be a minimized and integrated micro analytical system. With a simple structure, contactless conductivity detector is a just detector which can solve this problem and can be easily integrated on electrophoresis chip. So this paper focus on the theory and key technology research about contactless conductivity detector.
This project aims to solve the problem of integrating detector into the micro electrophoresis chip, which is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China. Based on reference about the development of integrated detectors on microchip, contactless conductivity detector is proposed to integrate into the end of the separation channel of electrophoresis chip. The referred parameter of the two-electrode and four-electrode contactless conductivity detector is achieved by the way of theory analysis and experiment. So this paper is the basic work of developing contactless conductivity detector on the electrophoresis chip. The main work of this paper is as following:
1. Based on a large amount references about the current development of integrated detectors on micro electrophoresis chip, the problem of integrating those detectors on electrophoresis chip is compared, then the concept of integrating the contactless conductivity detector into the end of the separation channel is proposed.
2. According to the structure and work principle of the contactless conductivity detector, analyze the affection of the insulated film, electrode size, and the electrode number on the conductivity reaction current according to the current express
3.The equivalent model of the two-electrode and four-electrode contactless conductivity detector is set up, and the value of capacitance and resistance of the model is computed, then simulate is done to the model using software OrCAD with the condition of different resource frequency, sample concentration, electrode size, electrode number.
4. Experiment is done to measure the reaction current of the two-electrode and four-electrode contactless conductivity detector with the condition of different resource frequency, sample concentration, electrode size, electrode number, then compare this current with the current in theory.
5. Research is done on the detection circuit which is based on the principle of phrased locked magnifier, primary design is done on the key part of the circuit, such as synchronous phase detector and low-pass filter.
本论文在国家自然科学基金的资助下,围绕电泳芯片检测器难以微型化、集成化的问题,在分析研究国内外电泳芯片检测器集成化现状和趋势的基础上,提出在电泳芯片分离沟道上集成非接触电导检测器的方案;通过对两电极和四电极非接触电导检测器理论分析和实验研究,获得了这两种非接触电导检测器的相关参数。为在电泳芯片上研制非接触电导检测器奠定了一定的技术基础。论文主要研究工作是:
1.在查阅电泳芯片检测器集成化研究文献的基础上,分析了目前国内外电泳芯片检测器集成化研究的现状与趋势,比较了几种检测器在集成技术上面临的问题,提出了在电泳芯片分离沟道上集成非接触电导检测器的方案。
2.在了解非接触电导检测器的结构及工作原理的基础上,根据非接触电导检测器响应电流公式,分析了绝缘层、电极尺寸、电极数目、检测对象对电导响应电流的影响。
3.建立了两电极和四电极非接触电导检测器等效模型,计算了等效模型中的电容、电阻,利用OrCAD软件,对不同的激励源频率、溶液浓度、电极尺寸、电极数目等条件下电导响应电流的输出进行了模拟分析。
4.进行了两电极和四电极非接触电导检测器响应实验,对不同激励源幅值、激励源频率、溶液浓度、电极尺寸、电极数目等条件下电导响应电流进行了测试。
5.研究了基于锁相放大原理的非接触电导检测器检测电路,并对信号发生器、相敏检波器、低通滤波电路进行了初步设计。
As an important research direction of micro total analytical system (μ-TAS), the electrophoresis chip, with the characteristics of high performance, fast speed, low regent consumption and easy automation, is more and more frequently being employed in life science, biomedicine, environment protection, and so on. But the detection part can’t be integrated into the microchip at present, which sets back the development of electrophoresis chip analysis system to be a minimized and integrated micro analytical system. With a simple structure, contactless conductivity detector is a just detector which can solve this problem and can be easily integrated on electrophoresis chip. So this paper focus on the theory and key technology research about contactless conductivity detector.
This project aims to solve the problem of integrating detector into the micro electrophoresis chip, which is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China. Based on reference about the development of integrated detectors on microchip, contactless conductivity detector is proposed to integrate into the end of the separation channel of electrophoresis chip. The referred parameter of the two-electrode and four-electrode contactless conductivity detector is achieved by the way of theory analysis and experiment. So this paper is the basic work of developing contactless conductivity detector on the electrophoresis chip. The main work of this paper is as following:
1. Based on a large amount references about the current development of integrated detectors on micro electrophoresis chip, the problem of integrating those detectors on electrophoresis chip is compared, then the concept of integrating the contactless conductivity detector into the end of the separation channel is proposed.
2. According to the structure and work principle of the contactless conductivity detector, analyze the affection of the insulated film, electrode size, and the electrode number on the conductivity reaction current according to the current express
3.The equivalent model of the two-electrode and four-electrode contactless conductivity detector is set up, and the value of capacitance and resistance of the model is computed, then simulate is done to the model using software OrCAD with the condition of different resource frequency, sample concentration, electrode size, electrode number.
4. Experiment is done to measure the reaction current of the two-electrode and four-electrode contactless conductivity detector with the condition of different resource frequency, sample concentration, electrode size, electrode number, then compare this current with the current in theory.
5. Research is done on the detection circuit which is based on the principle of phrased locked magnifier, primary design is done on the key part of the circuit, such as synchronous phase detector and low-pass filter.
引文
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[5] 莫建华,林斌. 微流控芯片光学检测系统集成化新进展. 光学仪器. 2004. vol.26,No.6. pp63～68
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[2] 金亚,温涛,王义明,罗国安. 集成毛细管电泳芯片(微流控芯片)系统的检测器研究和应用. 第 165 次香山科学会议报告文集
[3] 李艳,岑兆丰, 李晓彤. 集成毛细管电泳芯片荧光检测的研究. 光学仪器. 2003,Vol 25,No.1,pp8～13
[4] 杨蕊,邹明强,翼伟,牟颖,金钦汉. 微流控分析系统的最新研究进展. 生命科学仪器. 2004 vol.3,NO.6,pp41～44
[5] 莫建华,林斌. 微流控芯片光学检测系统集成化新进展. 光学仪器. 2004. vol.26,No.6. pp63～68
[6] 朱睿,肖松山,范世福. 微流控芯片检测技术进展. 纳米技术与精密工程. 2005. vol.3, No.1. pp74～79
[7] 曹小丹,方群,方肇伦. 基于复合型微流控芯片的紫外检测毛细管电泳系统. 高等学校化学学报. 2004. Vol.25,No.7. pp1231～1234
[8] 聂舟,何治柯,庞代文,程介克. 微流控芯片化学发光检测系统研究. 分析科学学报. 2003. Vol.19,No.4.pp 321～323
[9] Arora A,Mello A J,Manz A.Sub microliter electroche-detector-a model for small volume analysis systems[J].Anal Commun,1997,34:393-395
[10] Arora A,Eijkel J C T,Morf W E,et a1.A wireless electro-chemiluminescence detector applied to direct and indirect detection for electrophoresis on a microfabricated glass device[J].Anal Chem,2001,73:3 282-3 288
[11] 魏培海, 刘芹,许青. 芯片毛细管电泳-电化学检测. 山东教育学院学报. 2004. Vol 6,NO.6, 82～84
[12] Woolley A T, Lao K, Mathies R A et a1.Ana1.Chem.[J],l998.70:684-689
[13] Wu C C,Wu R G,Huang J G,et a1.Three.electrode electrochemical detector and platinum film decoupler integrated with a capillary electrophoresis microchip for ampe-rometric detection[J].Anal Chem,2003,75: 947-952
[14] Klett O,Nyholm L.Separation high voltage field driven on-chip amperometric detection in capillary electrophoresis[J].Anal Chem,2003,75:1 245一l 250
[15] Martin R S,Gawron A J,Lunte S M,et a1.Carbon paste-based electrochemical detectors formicrochip capillary electmphoresis/electmchemistry[J]. Analyst,2001, 126:277- 280
[16] Gawron A J.Martin R S,Lunte S M.Fabrication and evaluation of a carbon-based dual-electrode detector for poly-electrophoresis chips[J].Electrophoresis,2001,22:242～ 248
[17] Hilmi A,Luong J H T.Micromachined electrophoresis chips with electrochemical detectors for analysis of explosive conpounds in soil and groundwater[J].Environ Sci-Technology,2000,34:3046~ 3050
[18] Hilmi A, Luong J H T.Electrochemical detectors prepared by electroless deposition for microfabricated electrophoresis chips[J].Anal Chem,2000,72:4 677 682
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