拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器研究
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摘要
拖曳线列阵的工作方式、环境条件和结构安装等特点对光纤水听器的性能提出了许多特殊的要求,特别是加速度灵敏度,它关系到拖曳线列阵声纳能否有效地抑制由拖缆抖动及拖曳力变化等引起的振动噪声的干扰,因此降低拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器加速度灵敏度是光纤水听器拖曳线列阵系统性能的重要保障。
本论文对拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器基元性能进行了深入的理论及实验研究。从降低光纤水听器加速度灵敏度的结构设计入手,运用有限元方法,建立理论模型,分析其降低加速度灵敏度的机理,深入研究了结构和材料参数对加速度和声压灵敏度的影响,并建立了理论仿真平台。根据理论设计结果,制作了光纤水听器样品,实验与理论分析结果相一致。在解决了低加速度光纤水听器制造的工艺技术问题的基础上,成功研制出基于全保偏光纤技术的高性能拖曳阵用光纤水听器。对所研制的光纤水听器进行了声压和加速度灵敏度测试,并对其温度和压力特性进行了实验研究。在国防水声一级计量站对所研制的拖曳线列阵光纤水听器的综合性能指标进行了全面测试,测试结果表明本论文研制的拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器具有很低的加速度灵敏度和很好的综合性能,已能满足光纤水听器拖曳线列阵的应用要求,这为光纤水听器拖曳线列阵的发展奠定了基础。
本论文的主要成果和创新在于:
1、提出了耦合器内嵌、带加速度灵敏度微调补偿的低加速度灵敏度光纤水听器结构,最大程度保证了工艺结构的对称性,实现了对工艺误差的有效补偿,提高了低加速度灵敏度光纤水听器研制的成品率。
2、采用弹性力学和有限元方法建立了拖曳线列阵光纤水听器理论设计平台,实验与理论分析结果相一致,这为优化光纤水听器的结构设计提供了有效的技术手段。
3、解决了拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器制造的关键技术问题,研制出声压灵敏度为-143.0dB,加速度灵敏度低于-30dB的拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器,其加速度灵敏度优于国际上已报导的结果,并在国防水声一级计量站对其进行了性能指标测试。
Acceleration sensitivity, which determines the noise level of sensing array induced by cable dithering and towing instability, as a result of the special working scheme, circumstance and structure installation of the towed linear array, is a key parameter of the fiber optic hydrophone (FOH) for the towed linear array application. Therefore, the reduction of FOH acceleration sensitivity is important for the towed linear hydrophone array to achieve an excellent performance.
This dissertation presents both theoretical and experimental studies on reducing FOH acceleration sensitivity for towed linear array application. The structure of FOH is carefully studied. A theoretical model is established, utilizing finite element method, to analyze the principle of FOH acceleration sensitivity reduction. The influence on the acceleration and acoustic sensitivity of various structures and material parameters is thoroughly studied and a theoretical simulation platform is established. A practical FOH is made under theoretical instruction, and the experimental result is in good agreement with that of the theoretical analysis. Based on the reduction of the acceleration sensitivity, a novel FOH, with all polarization-holding optical fiber, is made for high quality towed linear array application. The acoustic and acceleration sensitivity of the novel FOH are measured, and its performances under different temperatures and pressures are also tested. The test results obtained by National Defense Underwater Acoustic Metrology center show that, the FOH presented in this dissertation has extremely low acceleration sensitivity and excellent performance, which can completely satisfy the towed linear array application.
The main results and the creative points of the present dissertation are as follows:
1. A novel FOH structure is presented. With coupler embedded and acceleration sensitivity compensation design, the structure symmetry is insured, which can induce the acceleration sensitivity effectively. The acceleration sensitivity compensation design also improves the production efficiency of FOH for towed linear array application.
2. A good theoretical simulation platform, utilizing the method of elastic mechanics and the finite element method, is established, which can provide an effect predictive design for FOH. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysises.
3. Some key technology problems in the making of FOH for towed linear array application are conquered. The new developed FOH, with an acoustic sensitivity of -143.0dB, has acceleration sensitivity less than -30dB, which exceeded to results from other international reports. The performance is tested by National Defense Underwater Acoustic Metrology center.
本论文对拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器基元性能进行了深入的理论及实验研究。从降低光纤水听器加速度灵敏度的结构设计入手,运用有限元方法,建立理论模型,分析其降低加速度灵敏度的机理,深入研究了结构和材料参数对加速度和声压灵敏度的影响,并建立了理论仿真平台。根据理论设计结果,制作了光纤水听器样品,实验与理论分析结果相一致。在解决了低加速度光纤水听器制造的工艺技术问题的基础上,成功研制出基于全保偏光纤技术的高性能拖曳阵用光纤水听器。对所研制的光纤水听器进行了声压和加速度灵敏度测试,并对其温度和压力特性进行了实验研究。在国防水声一级计量站对所研制的拖曳线列阵光纤水听器的综合性能指标进行了全面测试,测试结果表明本论文研制的拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器具有很低的加速度灵敏度和很好的综合性能,已能满足光纤水听器拖曳线列阵的应用要求,这为光纤水听器拖曳线列阵的发展奠定了基础。
本论文的主要成果和创新在于:
1、提出了耦合器内嵌、带加速度灵敏度微调补偿的低加速度灵敏度光纤水听器结构,最大程度保证了工艺结构的对称性,实现了对工艺误差的有效补偿,提高了低加速度灵敏度光纤水听器研制的成品率。
2、采用弹性力学和有限元方法建立了拖曳线列阵光纤水听器理论设计平台,实验与理论分析结果相一致,这为优化光纤水听器的结构设计提供了有效的技术手段。
3、解决了拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器制造的关键技术问题,研制出声压灵敏度为-143.0dB,加速度灵敏度低于-30dB的拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器,其加速度灵敏度优于国际上已报导的结果,并在国防水声一级计量站对其进行了性能指标测试。
Acceleration sensitivity, which determines the noise level of sensing array induced by cable dithering and towing instability, as a result of the special working scheme, circumstance and structure installation of the towed linear array, is a key parameter of the fiber optic hydrophone (FOH) for the towed linear array application. Therefore, the reduction of FOH acceleration sensitivity is important for the towed linear hydrophone array to achieve an excellent performance.
This dissertation presents both theoretical and experimental studies on reducing FOH acceleration sensitivity for towed linear array application. The structure of FOH is carefully studied. A theoretical model is established, utilizing finite element method, to analyze the principle of FOH acceleration sensitivity reduction. The influence on the acceleration and acoustic sensitivity of various structures and material parameters is thoroughly studied and a theoretical simulation platform is established. A practical FOH is made under theoretical instruction, and the experimental result is in good agreement with that of the theoretical analysis. Based on the reduction of the acceleration sensitivity, a novel FOH, with all polarization-holding optical fiber, is made for high quality towed linear array application. The acoustic and acceleration sensitivity of the novel FOH are measured, and its performances under different temperatures and pressures are also tested. The test results obtained by National Defense Underwater Acoustic Metrology center show that, the FOH presented in this dissertation has extremely low acceleration sensitivity and excellent performance, which can completely satisfy the towed linear array application.
The main results and the creative points of the present dissertation are as follows:
1. A novel FOH structure is presented. With coupler embedded and acceleration sensitivity compensation design, the structure symmetry is insured, which can induce the acceleration sensitivity effectively. The acceleration sensitivity compensation design also improves the production efficiency of FOH for towed linear array application.
2. A good theoretical simulation platform, utilizing the method of elastic mechanics and the finite element method, is established, which can provide an effect predictive design for FOH. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysises.
3. Some key technology problems in the making of FOH for towed linear array application are conquered. The new developed FOH, with an acoustic sensitivity of -143.0dB, has acceleration sensitivity less than -30dB, which exceeded to results from other international reports. The performance is tested by National Defense Underwater Acoustic Metrology center.
引文
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