基于PLC的沥青路面热再生养护车控制系统研究
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摘要
沥青路面热再生养护车是目前高等级沥青路面和市政道路养护中不可缺少的养护设备。国内生产厂家众多,但普遍采用的是继电器、接触器控制方式,其自动化水平较低,对路面的加热效果并不理想且能耗大。本文对沥青路面热再生养护车的控制系统进行了深入研究,以“保证机器作业质量和施工安全的前提下追求节能、环保和低成本”为设计原则,注重理论与工程实际的结合,提出了PLC和触摸屏优势互补的自动控制系统,该控制系统控制功能完善、技术先进、人机友好、便于维护管理,大大提高了沥青路面热再生养护车的自动化水平和节能水平。主要研究内容有：
1、综合分析沥青路面热再生养护车对控制系统的要求,对不同的控制系统方案进行了论证,研究了红外热辐射对沥青混合料加热的温度控制规律,研究了节能控制,并确定了控制系统的总体方案。
2、设计了以S7-200 PLC为核心,与触摸屏相结合的燃烧控制系统和温度控制系统,详细介绍了控制系统的硬件设计和关键设备的选型。
3、分析系统的控制流程并编写相应的PLC程序；设计友好的人机界面,实现对沥青路面热再生养护车的实时监控、数据管理和故障显示。
4、研究了一些工程上实用的抗干扰技术在本系统中的应用。
本论文在设计过程中取得了比较全面的资料,解决了一些硬件在实际应用过程中的关键工程问题,积累了设计经验,可为同类产品的设计提供实践指导。
The hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle is indispensable equipment used in the maintenance of high-grade asphalt pavement and municipal road. There are many domestic manufacturers of the maintenance vehicle, but the control system widely used is relay-contactor control system and the control level is low, the heating effect is not good and the energy consumption is large. This paper research on the control system of hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle, taking "Pursuing energy-saving, environmental protection and low cost on the premise of making sure the machine's operation quality and safety" as the design principle, combinating the theory with the practical engineering, then developed a set of PLC control system with perfect function, advanced technology, friendly human-machine interface, facilitate maintenance and management. This control system greatly improves the automatic level and energy-saving level of the hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle. The main research can be summarized as follows:
1. Analysed the machine's control requirements and studied about different control system schemes and temperature control pattern in heating asphalt pavement and asphalt concrete and studied about energy-saving control, then determined the overall system scheme.
2. Designed a S7-200 PLC control system combined with a touch-screen.Introduced the hardware design in detail and the selection of related equipments.
3. Analysed the control process and write PLC program. Designed a friendly human-machine interface in order to realize the machine's real-time monitoring, data management and fault display.
4. Researched on the application of some practical anti-interference techniques in this system
During the research, we got the general information, solved some key engineering problems during the hardware's application which can be used by the research of other hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle.
1、综合分析沥青路面热再生养护车对控制系统的要求,对不同的控制系统方案进行了论证,研究了红外热辐射对沥青混合料加热的温度控制规律,研究了节能控制,并确定了控制系统的总体方案。
2、设计了以S7-200 PLC为核心,与触摸屏相结合的燃烧控制系统和温度控制系统,详细介绍了控制系统的硬件设计和关键设备的选型。
3、分析系统的控制流程并编写相应的PLC程序；设计友好的人机界面,实现对沥青路面热再生养护车的实时监控、数据管理和故障显示。
4、研究了一些工程上实用的抗干扰技术在本系统中的应用。
本论文在设计过程中取得了比较全面的资料,解决了一些硬件在实际应用过程中的关键工程问题,积累了设计经验,可为同类产品的设计提供实践指导。
The hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle is indispensable equipment used in the maintenance of high-grade asphalt pavement and municipal road. There are many domestic manufacturers of the maintenance vehicle, but the control system widely used is relay-contactor control system and the control level is low, the heating effect is not good and the energy consumption is large. This paper research on the control system of hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle, taking "Pursuing energy-saving, environmental protection and low cost on the premise of making sure the machine's operation quality and safety" as the design principle, combinating the theory with the practical engineering, then developed a set of PLC control system with perfect function, advanced technology, friendly human-machine interface, facilitate maintenance and management. This control system greatly improves the automatic level and energy-saving level of the hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle. The main research can be summarized as follows:
1. Analysed the machine's control requirements and studied about different control system schemes and temperature control pattern in heating asphalt pavement and asphalt concrete and studied about energy-saving control, then determined the overall system scheme.
2. Designed a S7-200 PLC control system combined with a touch-screen.Introduced the hardware design in detail and the selection of related equipments.
3. Analysed the control process and write PLC program. Designed a friendly human-machine interface in order to realize the machine's real-time monitoring, data management and fault display.
4. Researched on the application of some practical anti-interference techniques in this system
During the research, we got the general information, solved some key engineering problems during the hardware's application which can be used by the research of other hot-reclaimed asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle.
引文
[1]霍太林.道路综合养护车现状及产品开发研究[J].养护机械及施工技术,2006,(3)：27-30
[2]耿跃海,林晓磊.我国沥青路面综合养护车的现状和发展方向[J].工程机械,2002,(1)：38-39
[3]高雁北,刘祥平,程松平.沥青路面就地热再生技术的发展及应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006,(2)：1-3
[4]蒋永河.先进的沥青路面修补设备——修路王[J].工程机械,1999,(4)：4-6
[5]姜芳,张义珍,付健.两种沥青路面热再生修补车的比较[J].建筑机械,2005,(7)：97
[6]解锋.三一SY5150TYHRQ型热墙式路面养护车[J].工程机械与维修,2006,(2)：132
[7]赵光,夏磐夫,张忠海.徐工LYL50沥青路面多功能养护车[J].建筑机械化,2005,(2)：39-40
[8]张兰俊,张军,杨振峰.ZYL118型沥青路面综合养护车研究报告[J].山西交通科技,2001,(6)：57-58
[9]Liping Fu, Mathieu Trudel, Valeri Kim. Mechanistic-empirical mixture design for hot mix asphalt pavement recycling[R]. European Journal of Operational Research. 2000,5(3):250-255
[10]吕宁.沥青路面微波养护车实验与结构研究[D].西安：长安大学,2007
[11]吴中俊,黄永红.可编程序控制器原理及应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[12]高子渝,顾海荣,焦生杰.浅沥青路面养护车加热板面积取值大小的研究[J].公路交通科技(应用技术版),2006,(3)：157-159
[13]Tsuyoshi Sakaki, Seiji Yasuda, Seiji Arita, Hideharu Hirosue. Reduction in size of coal particles by heating with petroleum asphalt. Bn Fuel Processing Technology [J],1999, 28(3):278-285
[14]L. Ya. Filipenko, A. A. Baturin, Yu. B. Amerik, et al. Study of anisotropic pitches formed during heat treatment of residual petroleum asphalts. Petroleum Chemistry U. S. S. R [R],1997,27(4):298-305
[15]Yue Huang, Roger N. Bird, Oliver Heidrich. A review of the use of recycled solid waste materials in asphalt pavements. Conservation and Recycling[J],2003,52(1):57-81
[16]张奕,王艳丽,郭金山,等.沥青路面热修补的加热方式[M].设计与研究,2005,10：14-19
[17]陶文辉,陈立权,沈志宇.沥青加热方式的探讨[J].建设机械技术与管理,2007,20(5)：5-20
[18]凌杰.沥青混凝土热再生加热方法的研究[J].中国工程机械学报,2004,2(2)：225-229
[19]贾生全.沥青路面加热方法与控制系统研究[D].上海：同济大学,2007
[20]张铁军.沥青加热和加热工艺分析[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,1995,(3)：38-41
[21]秦朝葵,吴念郇.燃气节能技术[M].上海：同济大学出版社,1998
[22]SIEMENS. S7-200可编程序控制器系统手册[M].2005
[23]SIEMENS. S7-200CN可编程序控制器产品样本[M].2008
[24]张万忠.可编程控制器入门与应用实例：西门子S7-200系列[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2005
[25]张运刚,宋小春,郭武强.从入门到精通：西门子S7-200PLC技术与应用[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007
[26]章静.多孔陶瓷板红外线燃烧器的着火过程[J].煤气与热力,2001,21(6)：515-517
[27]夏雅君.传热学[M].北京：中国电力出版社,1999
[28]金志刚.燃气测试技术手册[M].天津：天津大学出版社,1994
[29]吕佐周.燃气工程[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,1999
[30]YAMATAKE.山武燃烧安全控制产品技术手册[M].2005
[31]刘亚飞.直流点火器的工作原理及应用[J].摩托车,2006,(5)：20
[32]YAMATAKE.山武燃烧安全知识[M].2005
[33]李智伟,冯驰.红外测温系统设计与实现[J].应用科技,2010,37(5)：24-28
[34]步科电气.触摸屏技术手册[M].2010
[35]张运刚.从入门到精通：触摸屏技术与应用[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007
[36]严盈富.触摸屏与PLC入门[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2006
[37]田明.触摸式可编程终端[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006
[38]宋伯生.PLC编程理论、算法及技巧[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2005
[39]国家标准局.电气制图及图形符号国家标准汇编[S].北京：中国标准出版社.1989.2
[40]刘思文.触摸屏界面通用设计原则研究[D].上海：上海交通大学,2009
[41]刘建清.从零开始学电气控制与PLC技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2006
[2]耿跃海,林晓磊.我国沥青路面综合养护车的现状和发展方向[J].工程机械,2002,(1)：38-39
[3]高雁北,刘祥平,程松平.沥青路面就地热再生技术的发展及应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006,(2)：1-3
[4]蒋永河.先进的沥青路面修补设备——修路王[J].工程机械,1999,(4)：4-6
[5]姜芳,张义珍,付健.两种沥青路面热再生修补车的比较[J].建筑机械,2005,(7)：97
[6]解锋.三一SY5150TYHRQ型热墙式路面养护车[J].工程机械与维修,2006,(2)：132
[7]赵光,夏磐夫,张忠海.徐工LYL50沥青路面多功能养护车[J].建筑机械化,2005,(2)：39-40
[8]张兰俊,张军,杨振峰.ZYL118型沥青路面综合养护车研究报告[J].山西交通科技,2001,(6)：57-58
[9]Liping Fu, Mathieu Trudel, Valeri Kim. Mechanistic-empirical mixture design for hot mix asphalt pavement recycling[R]. European Journal of Operational Research. 2000,5(3):250-255
[10]吕宁.沥青路面微波养护车实验与结构研究[D].西安：长安大学,2007
[11]吴中俊,黄永红.可编程序控制器原理及应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[12]高子渝,顾海荣,焦生杰.浅沥青路面养护车加热板面积取值大小的研究[J].公路交通科技(应用技术版),2006,(3)：157-159
[13]Tsuyoshi Sakaki, Seiji Yasuda, Seiji Arita, Hideharu Hirosue. Reduction in size of coal particles by heating with petroleum asphalt. Bn Fuel Processing Technology [J],1999, 28(3):278-285
[14]L. Ya. Filipenko, A. A. Baturin, Yu. B. Amerik, et al. Study of anisotropic pitches formed during heat treatment of residual petroleum asphalts. Petroleum Chemistry U. S. S. R [R],1997,27(4):298-305
[15]Yue Huang, Roger N. Bird, Oliver Heidrich. A review of the use of recycled solid waste materials in asphalt pavements. Conservation and Recycling[J],2003,52(1):57-81
[16]张奕,王艳丽,郭金山,等.沥青路面热修补的加热方式[M].设计与研究,2005,10：14-19
[17]陶文辉,陈立权,沈志宇.沥青加热方式的探讨[J].建设机械技术与管理,2007,20(5)：5-20
[18]凌杰.沥青混凝土热再生加热方法的研究[J].中国工程机械学报,2004,2(2)：225-229
[19]贾生全.沥青路面加热方法与控制系统研究[D].上海：同济大学,2007
[20]张铁军.沥青加热和加热工艺分析[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,1995,(3)：38-41
[21]秦朝葵,吴念郇.燃气节能技术[M].上海：同济大学出版社,1998
[22]SIEMENS. S7-200可编程序控制器系统手册[M].2005
[23]SIEMENS. S7-200CN可编程序控制器产品样本[M].2008
[24]张万忠.可编程控制器入门与应用实例：西门子S7-200系列[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2005
[25]张运刚,宋小春,郭武强.从入门到精通：西门子S7-200PLC技术与应用[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007
[26]章静.多孔陶瓷板红外线燃烧器的着火过程[J].煤气与热力,2001,21(6)：515-517
[27]夏雅君.传热学[M].北京：中国电力出版社,1999
[28]金志刚.燃气测试技术手册[M].天津：天津大学出版社,1994
[29]吕佐周.燃气工程[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,1999
[30]YAMATAKE.山武燃烧安全控制产品技术手册[M].2005
[31]刘亚飞.直流点火器的工作原理及应用[J].摩托车,2006,(5)：20
[32]YAMATAKE.山武燃烧安全知识[M].2005
[33]李智伟,冯驰.红外测温系统设计与实现[J].应用科技,2010,37(5)：24-28
[34]步科电气.触摸屏技术手册[M].2010
[35]张运刚.从入门到精通：触摸屏技术与应用[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007
[36]严盈富.触摸屏与PLC入门[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2006
[37]田明.触摸式可编程终端[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006
[38]宋伯生.PLC编程理论、算法及技巧[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2005
[39]国家标准局.电气制图及图形符号国家标准汇编[S].北京：中国标准出版社.1989.2
[40]刘思文.触摸屏界面通用设计原则研究[D].上海：上海交通大学,2009
[41]刘建清.从零开始学电气控制与PLC技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2006