构筑具有各向异性性质的纳微米仿生结构表面
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摘要
生物体中特殊的微米结构、纳米结构可赋予其特殊的表面性能。例如,在自然界中某些植物叶与昆虫翅膀表面的自清洁性,超疏水性,以及定向水滴传输性质,减反射性质,特殊的固体界面之间的粘附力以及定向粘附力,等等。这些都与它们表面的特殊微观结构与材料性质密切相关。
我们利用双亲性的CTAB疏水化处理亲水的二氧化硅微球,并通过气液界面组装法在聚合物基底上制备了大面积有序的单层二氧化硅微球阵列。通过两步法氧等离子体刻蚀(RTE),将紧密堆积的微球刻蚀成非紧密堆积阵列,再以微球为模板倾斜刻蚀聚合物,制备了倾斜聚合物纳米柱结构。
我们首先测试了该结构对于对水滴浸润性的各向异性性质。我们发现了条带图案化的纳米柱阵列在沿着条带和垂直于条带方向的静态接触角有差别,并且非图案化的纳米柱阵列在沿着刻蚀方向和逆着刻蚀方向的水滴的动态接触角(滚动角)具有差别。此外,我们还发现随着刻蚀聚合物时间的增加,得到的聚合物纳米柱阵列由于长径比的增加,水滴的滚动角减小,证明了可以通过控制刻蚀的条件,控制表面对于水滴的粘附力,这对于水滴的粘附力在微流体等领域具有潜在应用。
我们还研究了该结构对于固体界面之间粘附力的各向异性。对于聚合物干态胶带而言,聚合物的弹性模量,柱结构的长径比和倾斜角是影响粘附力的重要因素。我们改变了这三种主要的参数,制备了一系列聚合物纳米柱阵列。经过微摩擦测试,发现该结构确实在沿着刻蚀方向和逆着刻蚀方向具有不同的摩擦系数,证明了该结构具有一定的各向异性粘附力的性质。具有各向异性粘附力的表面在爬行机器人,生物医药领域具有重要应用前景。
Specific micro/nano-scale structure endows special properties to biological surfaces in nature, for example, self-cleaning phenomenon, superhydrophobic surfaces, anisotropic water transportation, anti-reflection, anisotropic adhesion, etc. All those special properties are closely related to materials properties and microstructures.
We hydrophobic treated hydrophilic silica nanospheres with amphiphilic CTAB, and self-assembled silica nanospheres via water/air interface self-assembly into large are monolayer on polymer substrate. Through two steps Reactive Ionic Etching (RIE), we first etched close-packed nanosphere arrays into non-close-packed ones. Next, we utilized smaller silica nanospheres as mask, etched polymer substrate, which led to inclined polymer nanopillar arrays.
We first examined the anisotropic properties related to wetting phenomena. It was found that static contact angle was different between the directions along the patterned strip microstructure and perpendicular to it. It was also found that dynamic contact angle (sliding angle) was different between the directions along the RIE etching and against it. Moreover, we found that by increasing polymer RIE treatment time, we obtained nanopillar arrays with higher aspect ratio, as long as smaller dynamic contact angle. This finding illustrated that the adhesion to water of the fabricated surfaces could be controlled by RIE treatment parameters. Such surfaces with controllable adhesion to water had potential in microfluid fields.
Secondly, we also study the anisotropic solid-solid interface adhesion properties of the polymer nanopillar arrays. As for dry polymer adhesives, polymer elastic modulus, pillar aspect ratio, and inclined angle are three most important parameters which impact adhesion behavior. We modulated these three parameters, and prepared a series of polymer nanopillar arrays. After micro-scale adhesion test, it was found that the prepared microstructures had anisotropic adhesion properties to some extent. Such surfaces with anisotropic adhesion had potential in climbing robots, biomedical applications, etc.
我们利用双亲性的CTAB疏水化处理亲水的二氧化硅微球,并通过气液界面组装法在聚合物基底上制备了大面积有序的单层二氧化硅微球阵列。通过两步法氧等离子体刻蚀(RTE),将紧密堆积的微球刻蚀成非紧密堆积阵列,再以微球为模板倾斜刻蚀聚合物,制备了倾斜聚合物纳米柱结构。
我们首先测试了该结构对于对水滴浸润性的各向异性性质。我们发现了条带图案化的纳米柱阵列在沿着条带和垂直于条带方向的静态接触角有差别,并且非图案化的纳米柱阵列在沿着刻蚀方向和逆着刻蚀方向的水滴的动态接触角(滚动角)具有差别。此外,我们还发现随着刻蚀聚合物时间的增加,得到的聚合物纳米柱阵列由于长径比的增加,水滴的滚动角减小,证明了可以通过控制刻蚀的条件,控制表面对于水滴的粘附力,这对于水滴的粘附力在微流体等领域具有潜在应用。
我们还研究了该结构对于固体界面之间粘附力的各向异性。对于聚合物干态胶带而言,聚合物的弹性模量,柱结构的长径比和倾斜角是影响粘附力的重要因素。我们改变了这三种主要的参数,制备了一系列聚合物纳米柱阵列。经过微摩擦测试,发现该结构确实在沿着刻蚀方向和逆着刻蚀方向具有不同的摩擦系数,证明了该结构具有一定的各向异性粘附力的性质。具有各向异性粘附力的表面在爬行机器人,生物医药领域具有重要应用前景。
Specific micro/nano-scale structure endows special properties to biological surfaces in nature, for example, self-cleaning phenomenon, superhydrophobic surfaces, anisotropic water transportation, anti-reflection, anisotropic adhesion, etc. All those special properties are closely related to materials properties and microstructures.
We hydrophobic treated hydrophilic silica nanospheres with amphiphilic CTAB, and self-assembled silica nanospheres via water/air interface self-assembly into large are monolayer on polymer substrate. Through two steps Reactive Ionic Etching (RIE), we first etched close-packed nanosphere arrays into non-close-packed ones. Next, we utilized smaller silica nanospheres as mask, etched polymer substrate, which led to inclined polymer nanopillar arrays.
We first examined the anisotropic properties related to wetting phenomena. It was found that static contact angle was different between the directions along the patterned strip microstructure and perpendicular to it. It was also found that dynamic contact angle (sliding angle) was different between the directions along the RIE etching and against it. Moreover, we found that by increasing polymer RIE treatment time, we obtained nanopillar arrays with higher aspect ratio, as long as smaller dynamic contact angle. This finding illustrated that the adhesion to water of the fabricated surfaces could be controlled by RIE treatment parameters. Such surfaces with controllable adhesion to water had potential in microfluid fields.
Secondly, we also study the anisotropic solid-solid interface adhesion properties of the polymer nanopillar arrays. As for dry polymer adhesives, polymer elastic modulus, pillar aspect ratio, and inclined angle are three most important parameters which impact adhesion behavior. We modulated these three parameters, and prepared a series of polymer nanopillar arrays. After micro-scale adhesion test, it was found that the prepared microstructures had anisotropic adhesion properties to some extent. Such surfaces with anisotropic adhesion had potential in climbing robots, biomedical applications, etc.
引文
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