线管放电系统中颗粒物运动状态分析
摘要
随着人类社会的发展与进步,人们对生存环境的要求越来越高。然而在现代以煤为主要能源的大工业生产过程中,会产生大量的烟尘。就目前来说,电除尘器是大气粉尘污染控制的主要技术手段和设备,其基础理论和实际应用技术都已经发展的相当成熟,然而电除尘器对于PM2.5的收集效果并不理想,所以,这也成为现在除尘工业的重点和难点课题。本文讨论了电除尘器的工作原理以及电除尘器工作过程中对其除尘效率产生影响的各种因素。利用线管放电系统在实验室条件下模拟除尘器的实际工作情况,分区间对煤粉尘样品进行收集；利用激光粒度分布仪对所收集的样品进行测量,并对测量结果进行理论分析。本文主要工作如下：
1分析了总粒径区间的粉尘粒子在线管放电系统中的运动情况,讨论了不同电压不同区间及同一区间不同电压情况下的粉尘粒径分布情况。结果表明,不同电压、不同收集区间对不同粒径的粉尘粒子都具有选择性。电压较低时,小粒径粒子收集优先级比大粒径粒子要高；电压较高时,情况正好相反。
2重点分析了PM2.5在放电系统中的运动情况及其在收尘极的粒径分布情况。结果表明,由于PM2.5是处于紊流状态的气溶胶流体中,其运动轨迹是无规律可循的。此外,微细粉尘的荷电和运动很容易受离子风及其它因素的影响。同时,通过分析可知,较高电压有利于微细粉尘的凝聚,从而提高收集效果。
With the development of human society, it is the higher requirement of the living environment. However, a large amount of dust and smoke be produced in modern industrial production processes because of coal as the main energy. Right now, the ESP is the main technology and equipment for dust pollution control, its basic theory and practical application of technology has quite perfect, but ESP for the collection of PM2.5 has not yet ideal, therefore, this problem has become a key and difficult issue. The paper discusses the working principle of ESP, as well as the influencing factors of collection efficiency. Using the ray-tube discharge system in the laboratory simulation of the actual work of ESP, then collect the dust of different collection interval; furthermore, the collection dust be measured by Laser Particle Size Analyzer and the measuring results to be analyzed. Main results as follows:
1. Analysis the movement of the total particle size dust in the discharge system, and discuss the particle size distribution of dust about the different voltage and different interval, the different voltage and same interval. It turn out that the different voltage, different collection interval have the selectivity for the dust of different particle size. And the small particle size dust collected first when the voltage is low, the high voltage against.
2. Emphasis analyze the movement and particle size distribution in the collecting pole of PM2.5, the results indicate that the movement of fine dust is disorderly and unsystematic. In addition, the charging and movement can be easily influenced by ion wind and other factors. Simultaneously, by analyzing, the high voltage is good for the agglomeration of fine dust, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the collection.
1分析了总粒径区间的粉尘粒子在线管放电系统中的运动情况,讨论了不同电压不同区间及同一区间不同电压情况下的粉尘粒径分布情况。结果表明,不同电压、不同收集区间对不同粒径的粉尘粒子都具有选择性。电压较低时,小粒径粒子收集优先级比大粒径粒子要高；电压较高时,情况正好相反。
2重点分析了PM2.5在放电系统中的运动情况及其在收尘极的粒径分布情况。结果表明,由于PM2.5是处于紊流状态的气溶胶流体中,其运动轨迹是无规律可循的。此外,微细粉尘的荷电和运动很容易受离子风及其它因素的影响。同时,通过分析可知,较高电压有利于微细粉尘的凝聚,从而提高收集效果。
With the development of human society, it is the higher requirement of the living environment. However, a large amount of dust and smoke be produced in modern industrial production processes because of coal as the main energy. Right now, the ESP is the main technology and equipment for dust pollution control, its basic theory and practical application of technology has quite perfect, but ESP for the collection of PM2.5 has not yet ideal, therefore, this problem has become a key and difficult issue. The paper discusses the working principle of ESP, as well as the influencing factors of collection efficiency. Using the ray-tube discharge system in the laboratory simulation of the actual work of ESP, then collect the dust of different collection interval; furthermore, the collection dust be measured by Laser Particle Size Analyzer and the measuring results to be analyzed. Main results as follows:
1. Analysis the movement of the total particle size dust in the discharge system, and discuss the particle size distribution of dust about the different voltage and different interval, the different voltage and same interval. It turn out that the different voltage, different collection interval have the selectivity for the dust of different particle size. And the small particle size dust collected first when the voltage is low, the high voltage against.
2. Emphasis analyze the movement and particle size distribution in the collecting pole of PM2.5, the results indicate that the movement of fine dust is disorderly and unsystematic. In addition, the charging and movement can be easily influenced by ion wind and other factors. Simultaneously, by analyzing, the high voltage is good for the agglomeration of fine dust, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the collection.
引文
[1]郝吉明 马广大主编,大气污染控制工程,北京：高等教育出版社[M],2002.10,3
[2]孙玉荣,颗粒物在现场电除尘器中运动状态分析,河北大学硕士论文,2008.6
[3]Soud H N. Developments in Particulate Control for Coal Combustion [A]. London, UK:IEA Coal Research,1995(April).
[4]Sloss L L. Sampling and Analysis of PM10/PM2.5 [A]. London, UK:IEA Coal Research,1998(October).
[5]Anderson R R, Martello D V, Rohar P C, et al. Sources and composition of PM2.5 at the National Energy Technology Laboratory in Pittsburgh during July and August 2000 [J]. Energy & Fules,2002, 16:261-269.
[6]Berico M, Luciani A, Formignani M. Atmospheric aerosol in urban area-measurements of TSP and PM10 standards and pulmonary deposition assessments [J]. Atmospheric Environment,1997, 31(21):3659-3665.
[7]Peters A, Dockery D W, Muller J E, et al. Increased particulate air pollution and the triggering of myocardial infarction [J]. Circulation,2001,103(23):2810-2815.
[8]S. Oglesby Jr, Future directions of particulate control technology. A Perspective[J]. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.1990,40(8):1183-1185.
[9]Hautanen J, et al. Electrical agglomeration of aerosol particles in an alternating electric field. Aerosol Sci.Technol.1995,22(2):181-189.
[10]黎在时,静电除尘器[M],北京：冶金工业出版社,1993
[11]白希尧 朱克明 贾凤林等,净化高比电阻烟尘电收尘器研究[J],环境科技 Vol.11,No.4,2001,29～33
[12]王连泽 贺美陆 孟亚力,双极荷电粉尘颗粒凝聚的初步研究[J],环境工程,Vol.20,No.3,2002,31～33
[13]陈旺生 董伟 郭俊一 向晓东,微细颗粒物电凝并技术研究的新进展[J],工业安全与环保,Vol.34,No.5,2008,1～3
[14]高正平 罗惕乾 康灿 王晓英,静电凝并中荷电粒子的运动方程及近似解[J],中国农机化,No.4,2006,465～68
[15]王启民 杨海瑞 吕俊复 岳光溪,外电场作用下R-R分布的荷电颗粒的凝聚,清华大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.47,No.5,2007,663～665
[16]原乃武 杨武 娄建勇,引入磁场的预荷电集尘空气净化效率的研究,西安交通大学学报,Vol.35,No.8,2001,785～789
[17]隋建才 徐明厚 丘纪华 郭欣 刘小伟 高翔鹏,燃煤锅炉PM10形成与排放特性实验研究[J],工程热物理学报,Vol.27,No.3,2006,335～338
[18]赵爽,电凝并脱除可吸入颗粒物的实验研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2006.2
[19]Tiwary R, Reethof G. Numerical Simulation of Acoustic Agglomeration and Experimental Verification. Journal of Vibration, Acoustics, Stress, and Reliability in Design,1987,109:185-191.
[20]Groguss P. The applications of airborne and Liquid-borne sounds to industrial technology ultrasonic. SCI. and Tech,1964,12:25-31.
[21]Reethof G. Acoustic agglomeration of power plant fly ash for environmental and hot gas clean-up. Journal of Vibration, Acoustics, Stress, and Reliability in Design,1988,110:552-558.
[22]向晓东陈旺生,烟尘在交变电场中电凝并收集的实验研究[J],建筑热能通风空调,No.1,2000,9～11
[23]向晓东,陈旺生,交变电场中电凝并收尘理论与实验研究[J],环境科学学报,Vol.20,No.2,2000,187-191
[24) Watanabe T, Tochikubo F, Koizumi Y. Submicron particle agglomeration by an electrostatic agglomerator[J]. Electrostatics,1995,43:367-383.
[25]Coghe Aldo, Mantegna Michele, Sotgia Giorgio. Fluid Dynamic Aspects of Electrostatic Precipatators: Turbulence Characteristics in Scale Models[J]. Fluids Eng,2003,125:694-700.
[26]Zamankhan Parsa, Ahmadi Goodarz, Fan Fa-Gung. Coupling effects of the flow and electric fields in electrostatic precipitators[J]. Appl. Phys,2004,96:7002-7010.
[27]李庆,煤粉尘的区域污染的激光测量及治理方法研究,河北大学博士学位论文,2008.6
[28]王凤鸣,高压静电除尘器电晕放电特性研究,河北大学硕士学位论文,2005.6
[29]蒲恩奇,大气污染治理工程,北京：高等教育出版社[M],1997.12
[30]刘后起,电除尘器,北京：中国建筑工业出版社[M],1987
[31]祈君田,现代烟气除尘技术,北京；化学工业出版社[M],2008.1
[32]刘志强何寿杰等,线筒式电晕放电伏安特性关系的研究,河北大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.28,No.6,2008,604～607
[33]吴忠标主编,实用环境工程手册,大气污染控制工程,化学工业出版社[M],2001.9,168～262
[34]徐学基,气体放电物理,复旦大学出版社[M],1996.8
[35]Jun-Ho Ji, Jungho Hwang. Particle charging and agglomeration in DC and AC electric fields[M]. Electrostatics,2004,31(1):57-68.
[36]陈旺生董伟等,微细颗粒物电凝并技术研究的新进展[J],工业安全与环保,Vol.34,No.5,2008,1～3.
[37]Williams M. M. R, Loyalka S.K. Aerosol Science Theory and Practice[M], NewYork, Pergamon Press, 1991.
[38]毛程奇,交变电场粒子荷电凝并实验研究,大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2007.3
[39]卢涛,气固两相流中粒子双极荷电凝并研究,江苏大学硕士学位论文,2007.6
[40]高军凯黄超田莉,提高电除尘器除尘效率措施的研究进展[J],环境污染与防治,Vol.29,No.10, 763～766
[41]包清华 刘秀梅 赵国君,提高电除尘器除尘效率措施的研究,长春理工大学学报,Vol.28,No.4,120～123
[42]朱峰,电除尘器除尘效率影响因素分析及应用[J],湖北电力,Vol.31,No.3,2007,85～87
[43]杨晔 张镇西 蒋大为,微粒直径及直径分布的激光测量技术[J],激光技术,Vol.21,No.2,1997,122～127
[44]蔡小舒 潘咏志 吴伟亮,电厂煤粉粒径、浓度和速度的在线测量技术研究[J],动力工程,Vol.19,No.6,1999,466～469
[45]徐忠 徐志清 吕心起等,除尘效率在线测量系统研究[J],电力环境保护,Vol.16,No.4,2000,23～24
[46]许德玄,静电除尘预荷电研究[J],环境工程,Vol.15,No.6,1997,25～28
[47]Rongyi Wang, et al, Apparent energy yield of a high efficiency pulse generator with respect to SO2 and NOx removal, [J], Journal of Electrostatics,1995,34:355-366.
[48]颜金培,杨林军,张霞,燃煤PM2.5相变脱除实验研究[J],环境科学,Vol.29,NO.12,2008,3337～3341
[49]Park S S, Wexler A S. Particle deposition in the pulmonary region of the human lung:A semi-empirical model of single breath transport and deposition [J]. Journal of Aerosol Science,2007,38(2):228-245.
[2]孙玉荣,颗粒物在现场电除尘器中运动状态分析,河北大学硕士论文,2008.6
[3]Soud H N. Developments in Particulate Control for Coal Combustion [A]. London, UK:IEA Coal Research,1995(April).
[4]Sloss L L. Sampling and Analysis of PM10/PM2.5 [A]. London, UK:IEA Coal Research,1998(October).
[5]Anderson R R, Martello D V, Rohar P C, et al. Sources and composition of PM2.5 at the National Energy Technology Laboratory in Pittsburgh during July and August 2000 [J]. Energy & Fules,2002, 16:261-269.
[6]Berico M, Luciani A, Formignani M. Atmospheric aerosol in urban area-measurements of TSP and PM10 standards and pulmonary deposition assessments [J]. Atmospheric Environment,1997, 31(21):3659-3665.
[7]Peters A, Dockery D W, Muller J E, et al. Increased particulate air pollution and the triggering of myocardial infarction [J]. Circulation,2001,103(23):2810-2815.
[8]S. Oglesby Jr, Future directions of particulate control technology. A Perspective[J]. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.1990,40(8):1183-1185.
[9]Hautanen J, et al. Electrical agglomeration of aerosol particles in an alternating electric field. Aerosol Sci.Technol.1995,22(2):181-189.
[10]黎在时,静电除尘器[M],北京：冶金工业出版社,1993
[11]白希尧 朱克明 贾凤林等,净化高比电阻烟尘电收尘器研究[J],环境科技 Vol.11,No.4,2001,29～33
[12]王连泽 贺美陆 孟亚力,双极荷电粉尘颗粒凝聚的初步研究[J],环境工程,Vol.20,No.3,2002,31～33
[13]陈旺生 董伟 郭俊一 向晓东,微细颗粒物电凝并技术研究的新进展[J],工业安全与环保,Vol.34,No.5,2008,1～3
[14]高正平 罗惕乾 康灿 王晓英,静电凝并中荷电粒子的运动方程及近似解[J],中国农机化,No.4,2006,465～68
[15]王启民 杨海瑞 吕俊复 岳光溪,外电场作用下R-R分布的荷电颗粒的凝聚,清华大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.47,No.5,2007,663～665
[16]原乃武 杨武 娄建勇,引入磁场的预荷电集尘空气净化效率的研究,西安交通大学学报,Vol.35,No.8,2001,785～789
[17]隋建才 徐明厚 丘纪华 郭欣 刘小伟 高翔鹏,燃煤锅炉PM10形成与排放特性实验研究[J],工程热物理学报,Vol.27,No.3,2006,335～338
[18]赵爽,电凝并脱除可吸入颗粒物的实验研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2006.2
[19]Tiwary R, Reethof G. Numerical Simulation of Acoustic Agglomeration and Experimental Verification. Journal of Vibration, Acoustics, Stress, and Reliability in Design,1987,109:185-191.
[20]Groguss P. The applications of airborne and Liquid-borne sounds to industrial technology ultrasonic. SCI. and Tech,1964,12:25-31.
[21]Reethof G. Acoustic agglomeration of power plant fly ash for environmental and hot gas clean-up. Journal of Vibration, Acoustics, Stress, and Reliability in Design,1988,110:552-558.
[22]向晓东陈旺生,烟尘在交变电场中电凝并收集的实验研究[J],建筑热能通风空调,No.1,2000,9～11
[23]向晓东,陈旺生,交变电场中电凝并收尘理论与实验研究[J],环境科学学报,Vol.20,No.2,2000,187-191
[24) Watanabe T, Tochikubo F, Koizumi Y. Submicron particle agglomeration by an electrostatic agglomerator[J]. Electrostatics,1995,43:367-383.
[25]Coghe Aldo, Mantegna Michele, Sotgia Giorgio. Fluid Dynamic Aspects of Electrostatic Precipatators: Turbulence Characteristics in Scale Models[J]. Fluids Eng,2003,125:694-700.
[26]Zamankhan Parsa, Ahmadi Goodarz, Fan Fa-Gung. Coupling effects of the flow and electric fields in electrostatic precipitators[J]. Appl. Phys,2004,96:7002-7010.
[27]李庆,煤粉尘的区域污染的激光测量及治理方法研究,河北大学博士学位论文,2008.6
[28]王凤鸣,高压静电除尘器电晕放电特性研究,河北大学硕士学位论文,2005.6
[29]蒲恩奇,大气污染治理工程,北京：高等教育出版社[M],1997.12
[30]刘后起,电除尘器,北京：中国建筑工业出版社[M],1987
[31]祈君田,现代烟气除尘技术,北京；化学工业出版社[M],2008.1
[32]刘志强何寿杰等,线筒式电晕放电伏安特性关系的研究,河北大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.28,No.6,2008,604～607
[33]吴忠标主编,实用环境工程手册,大气污染控制工程,化学工业出版社[M],2001.9,168～262
[34]徐学基,气体放电物理,复旦大学出版社[M],1996.8
[35]Jun-Ho Ji, Jungho Hwang. Particle charging and agglomeration in DC and AC electric fields[M]. Electrostatics,2004,31(1):57-68.
[36]陈旺生董伟等,微细颗粒物电凝并技术研究的新进展[J],工业安全与环保,Vol.34,No.5,2008,1～3.
[37]Williams M. M. R, Loyalka S.K. Aerosol Science Theory and Practice[M], NewYork, Pergamon Press, 1991.
[38]毛程奇,交变电场粒子荷电凝并实验研究,大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2007.3
[39]卢涛,气固两相流中粒子双极荷电凝并研究,江苏大学硕士学位论文,2007.6
[40]高军凯黄超田莉,提高电除尘器除尘效率措施的研究进展[J],环境污染与防治,Vol.29,No.10, 763～766
[41]包清华 刘秀梅 赵国君,提高电除尘器除尘效率措施的研究,长春理工大学学报,Vol.28,No.4,120～123
[42]朱峰,电除尘器除尘效率影响因素分析及应用[J],湖北电力,Vol.31,No.3,2007,85～87
[43]杨晔 张镇西 蒋大为,微粒直径及直径分布的激光测量技术[J],激光技术,Vol.21,No.2,1997,122～127
[44]蔡小舒 潘咏志 吴伟亮,电厂煤粉粒径、浓度和速度的在线测量技术研究[J],动力工程,Vol.19,No.6,1999,466～469
[45]徐忠 徐志清 吕心起等,除尘效率在线测量系统研究[J],电力环境保护,Vol.16,No.4,2000,23～24
[46]许德玄,静电除尘预荷电研究[J],环境工程,Vol.15,No.6,1997,25～28
[47]Rongyi Wang, et al, Apparent energy yield of a high efficiency pulse generator with respect to SO2 and NOx removal, [J], Journal of Electrostatics,1995,34:355-366.
[48]颜金培,杨林军,张霞,燃煤PM2.5相变脱除实验研究[J],环境科学,Vol.29,NO.12,2008,3337～3341
[49]Park S S, Wexler A S. Particle deposition in the pulmonary region of the human lung:A semi-empirical model of single breath transport and deposition [J]. Journal of Aerosol Science,2007,38(2):228-245.