基于服务元网络体系结构的NIC服务元的研究与实现
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摘要
在当今的互联网络世界中,TCP/IP协议簇是计算机通信的事实标准。TCP/IP体系是基于层次体系结构的。采用层次体系结构,其出发点在于简化协议设计的复杂性。层具有封装性、隐蔽性和抽象性。随着宽带网络和多媒体技术的发展,对实时语音视频传送、网络安全,QoS等方面提出了更高的要求,TCP/IP层次网络体系所带来的矛盾也不断突出。为了保证QoS,TCP/IP协议不得不在各层(甚至在层间)打了一系列的补丁:资源预留协议RSVP、实时传输协议RTP、实时传输控制协议RTCP、IEEE802.1D协议、区分服务DeffServ。这种问题的根源在于现有网络体系结构不够合理。
针对传统的层次结构网络存在的层间功能重叠和复杂的分层处理过程所带来的网络服务效率低下的问题,通过对现有网络中服务类别的分析、归纳,我们提出了服务元网络体系结构。它不同于层次网络系统结构,具有简洁、可扩展和容易实现的特点。
本文阐述了服务元网络体系结构的思想,分析了服务元网络体系结构的特点,服务元的定义以及提供的服务等,详细地描述了服务元网络体系结构原型主机的总体设计,模块的划分及功能实现。在此基础上,本文重点描述了NIC服务元,介绍了NIC服务元的特点和功能。为了简化设计难度,将NIC服务元按照功能划分为三个子模块:QoS流量整形模块、NIC虚模块和网络设备驱动模块。本文分别对这三个模块进行了深入的研究,并详细地阐述了它们的实现。文章最后,对NIC服务元以及原型网络系统的功能和性能进行了测试,结论证实了理论的正确性和设计的合理性。
In the computer network world, TCP/IP protocols have been the defacto standard. TCP/IP protocols are based on the layered network architecture. The architecture was designed as layers to simplify the complexity of the design. Layers have the functions of encapsulation, concealment and abstraction. As broad-band applications and multimedia applications have become the main usage of the computer network, technologies like real-time audio and vidio data transmission, quality of service (QoS) and network security have been emphasized. To insure Qos, Some new protocols as RSVP (resources reserved protocol), RTP (real time protocol), IEEE802.1D and DeffServ are appeared as mends in the TCP/IP protocols. The essential of the the prblem lies in the improper architecture.
To overcome such limitations and improve poor network service efficiency, which is mainly due to the redundant function overlaps between neighbouring layers and complicated hierarchical processes existing in the conventional layered network, by analysing and classifying network services, a novel network architecture called the service unit based network architecture (SUNA) were presented. The SUNA is a brand new network architecture which is quite different from the current layered network architecture. It is easy to design and implement and has greater flexibility.
This thesis illuminates the idea of SUNA, analyses the traits of SUNA, the definition of service units (SU) and services they provide. It also state the design of the prototype host including the definitions and functions of the modules. Based on these content, this thesis emphatically discusses NIC SU, presenting the characteristic and function of NIC SU. NIC SU is disassembled into three sub-modules to simplify design work: QoS flow-shaping sub-module, NIC virtual sub-module and network device driver sub-module. Each sub-module is studied deeply and discussed detailedly. At last the test for NIC SU and the whole network system is carried out both on functions and performance, and the test result prove that the theory and the design are both correct and reasonable.
针对传统的层次结构网络存在的层间功能重叠和复杂的分层处理过程所带来的网络服务效率低下的问题,通过对现有网络中服务类别的分析、归纳,我们提出了服务元网络体系结构。它不同于层次网络系统结构,具有简洁、可扩展和容易实现的特点。
本文阐述了服务元网络体系结构的思想,分析了服务元网络体系结构的特点,服务元的定义以及提供的服务等,详细地描述了服务元网络体系结构原型主机的总体设计,模块的划分及功能实现。在此基础上,本文重点描述了NIC服务元,介绍了NIC服务元的特点和功能。为了简化设计难度,将NIC服务元按照功能划分为三个子模块:QoS流量整形模块、NIC虚模块和网络设备驱动模块。本文分别对这三个模块进行了深入的研究,并详细地阐述了它们的实现。文章最后,对NIC服务元以及原型网络系统的功能和性能进行了测试,结论证实了理论的正确性和设计的合理性。
In the computer network world, TCP/IP protocols have been the defacto standard. TCP/IP protocols are based on the layered network architecture. The architecture was designed as layers to simplify the complexity of the design. Layers have the functions of encapsulation, concealment and abstraction. As broad-band applications and multimedia applications have become the main usage of the computer network, technologies like real-time audio and vidio data transmission, quality of service (QoS) and network security have been emphasized. To insure Qos, Some new protocols as RSVP (resources reserved protocol), RTP (real time protocol), IEEE802.1D and DeffServ are appeared as mends in the TCP/IP protocols. The essential of the the prblem lies in the improper architecture.
To overcome such limitations and improve poor network service efficiency, which is mainly due to the redundant function overlaps between neighbouring layers and complicated hierarchical processes existing in the conventional layered network, by analysing and classifying network services, a novel network architecture called the service unit based network architecture (SUNA) were presented. The SUNA is a brand new network architecture which is quite different from the current layered network architecture. It is easy to design and implement and has greater flexibility.
This thesis illuminates the idea of SUNA, analyses the traits of SUNA, the definition of service units (SU) and services they provide. It also state the design of the prototype host including the definitions and functions of the modules. Based on these content, this thesis emphatically discusses NIC SU, presenting the characteristic and function of NIC SU. NIC SU is disassembled into three sub-modules to simplify design work: QoS flow-shaping sub-module, NIC virtual sub-module and network device driver sub-module. Each sub-module is studied deeply and discussed detailedly. At last the test for NIC SU and the whole network system is carried out both on functions and performance, and the test result prove that the theory and the design are both correct and reasonable.
引文
[1] 曾 家 智 , 徐 洁 等 . 服 务 元 网 络 体 系 结 构 和 微 通 信 元 系 统 构 架 . 电 子 学 报Vol.32,No.5,2004,p745-749。
[2] Andrew S. Tanenbaum. Computer Networks,Prentice Hall,1998
[3] 曾家智,李毅超. 计算机网络.成都:电子科技大学出版社,2002
[4] 曾家智,赵继东,易发胜. 微通信元系统构架的 QoS,计算机科学,2004-12-8
[5] 曾华燊，现代网络通信技术[M].成都.西南交通大学出版社 2004.1
[6] Xiao X, Ni L M. Internet QoS: A Big Picture [J]. IEEE Network, 1999,13(2), pp.8—18.
[7] D. Tennenhouse, D. Wetherall. Towards an Active Network Architecture[J]. Computer Communication Review, 1996-04, Vol. 26, No.2.
[8] Realtek Semiconductor Corp.Realtek 3.3V Single Chip Fast Ethernet Controller with Power Management RTL8139C(L),2002
[9] 林闯单,单志光,任丰原.计算机网络地服务质量(QoS),清华大学出版社,2004,4
[10] Faraz Shamim,Zaheer Aziz,Johnson Liu,Abe Martey.IP路由协议疑难解析.人民邮电出版社,2003,4
[11] DANIEL P.BOVET&MARCO CESATI著 陈莉君,冯锐,牛欣源.深入理解LINUX内核.北京.中国电力出版社.2004
[12] Alessandro Rubini & Jonathan Corbet著 魏永明,骆刚,姜君译.Linux Device Drevers,Second Edition.北京.中国电力出版社.2002
[13] [美]W.Richard Stevens著 TCP/IP详解 卷1:协议 北京:机械工业出版社 2002
[14] Douglas E.Comer著, 林瑶等译用TCP/IP进行网际互联 Vol 1,2 电子工业出版社
[15] 毛德操,胡希明.Linux 内核源代码情景分析. 杭州:浙江大学出版社,2001
[16] 李善平,陈文智.边干边学 Linux 内核指导.杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002
[17] David A.Rusling. Linux 编程白皮书.北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[2] Andrew S. Tanenbaum. Computer Networks,Prentice Hall,1998
[3] 曾家智,李毅超. 计算机网络.成都:电子科技大学出版社,2002
[4] 曾家智,赵继东,易发胜. 微通信元系统构架的 QoS,计算机科学,2004-12-8
[5] 曾华燊，现代网络通信技术[M].成都.西南交通大学出版社 2004.1
[6] Xiao X, Ni L M. Internet QoS: A Big Picture [J]. IEEE Network, 1999,13(2), pp.8—18.
[7] D. Tennenhouse, D. Wetherall. Towards an Active Network Architecture[J]. Computer Communication Review, 1996-04, Vol. 26, No.2.
[8] Realtek Semiconductor Corp.Realtek 3.3V Single Chip Fast Ethernet Controller with Power Management RTL8139C(L),2002
[9] 林闯单,单志光,任丰原.计算机网络地服务质量(QoS),清华大学出版社,2004,4
[10] Faraz Shamim,Zaheer Aziz,Johnson Liu,Abe Martey.IP路由协议疑难解析.人民邮电出版社,2003,4
[11] DANIEL P.BOVET&MARCO CESATI著 陈莉君,冯锐,牛欣源.深入理解LINUX内核.北京.中国电力出版社.2004
[12] Alessandro Rubini & Jonathan Corbet著 魏永明,骆刚,姜君译.Linux Device Drevers,Second Edition.北京.中国电力出版社.2002
[13] [美]W.Richard Stevens著 TCP/IP详解 卷1:协议 北京:机械工业出版社 2002
[14] Douglas E.Comer著, 林瑶等译用TCP/IP进行网际互联 Vol 1,2 电子工业出版社
[15] 毛德操,胡希明.Linux 内核源代码情景分析. 杭州:浙江大学出版社,2001
[16] 李善平,陈文智.边干边学 Linux 内核指导.杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002
[17] David A.Rusling. Linux 编程白皮书.北京:机械工业出版社,2000