VFTO下对变压器绕组高频建模与仿真方法的研究
|
摘要
气体绝缘变电站(GIS)中的分合闸操作产生的特快速暂态过电压(VFTO)对电力系统安全运行存在危害,特别是对直接连接到GIS的变压器影响尤为严重。为了研究GIS中VFTO对变压器的影响,也为了解决大型电力变压器建模时方程数目庞大问题,本文前几饼以匝为单元、后面匝合并建立了变压器绕组的多导体传输线(MTL)降阶模型。采用不同变压器绕组参数计算方法比较了其对仿真结果的影响。用降阶模型仿真分析和计算了不同变压器绕组线匝的末端电压和匝间电压分布。仿真结果与试验结果吻合,说明了文中方法的可行性和正确性。
Switching operations in Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) may generate Very Fast Transient Overvoltage (VFTO) which is very dangerous for the power system, especially for the transformer which is directly connected to GIS. For a real transformer winding, if each turn is simulated as one transmission line, a system of very large-scale equations will be obtained. Multi-conductor Transmission line (MTL) model based on the representation of the winding by its individual turns of several coils and some turns combinated are used to analyze the transient response of transformer windings under VFTO. This paper presents a model based on MTL using order-reduced method to simplify the calculation. Using the different methods of calculating the transformer winding parameters compared its impact on the simulation results. For validation, the calculated results are compared with the measurements on a transformer winding model and the result is satisfactory.
Switching operations in Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) may generate Very Fast Transient Overvoltage (VFTO) which is very dangerous for the power system, especially for the transformer which is directly connected to GIS. For a real transformer winding, if each turn is simulated as one transmission line, a system of very large-scale equations will be obtained. Multi-conductor Transmission line (MTL) model based on the representation of the winding by its individual turns of several coils and some turns combinated are used to analyze the transient response of transformer windings under VFTO. This paper presents a model based on MTL using order-reduced method to simplify the calculation. Using the different methods of calculating the transformer winding parameters compared its impact on the simulation results. For validation, the calculated results are compared with the measurements on a transformer winding model and the result is satisfactory.
引文
[1]邱敏昌. GIS装置及其绝缘技术.北京:水利电力出版社,1994
[2] Blahous L, Gysel T. Mathematical investigation of the transient overvoltages during disconnector switching in GIS. IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems,1983,102(9):3088-3097
[3]贺景亮.变电站开关操作引起的暂态干扰.高电压技术,1989,54(4):8-11
[4]何青,王赞基.变压器线圈暂态的频域分析.清华大学学报,1995,35(1):39-45
[5]陈伟根,胡金星等.基于准静态电磁场的变压器线圈中特快速暂态仿真建模.电网技术,2005,29(23):56-60
[6] A Miri, N Riegel, A.Ulbricht. Finite element model for the investigation of the transient oscillations in the ITER toroidal field(TF) model coil. Eleventh International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering, UK, Aug.1999 vol.2: 43-46
[7] H Yamashita, V Cingoski, E Nakamae, et al. Design improvements on graded insulation of power transformers using transient electric field analysis and visualization technique. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1999,14(4): 1379-1384
[8]王晓辉.基于散射参数的VFTO下变压器绕组的过电压研究: [硕士学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2004
[9]梁贵书,王晓辉,张喜乐,崔翔.基于网络函数的VFTO下变压器绕组的响应研究.高压电器, 2004,40(6): 412-416
[10]梁贵书,张喜乐,王晓晖,董华英,崔翔.特快速暂态过电压下变压器绕组高频电路模型的研究.中国电机工程学报, 2006, 26(4): 144-148
[11]王森,郭小川,王莉英. GIS投切主变陡波前过电压的研究.西北电力技术, 2003, 31(4): 2-5
[12]马宜军.陡波前过电压下频变变压器绕组过电压时域算法研究: [硕士学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2007
[13]王赞基.变压器线圈特快速暂态建模.中国电机工程学报, 1996,16(5): 299-304
[14] M Popov, L Sluis, G Paap et al. Computation of very fast transient overvoltages in transformer windings. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2003, l8(4): 1268-1274
[15]张喜乐,梁贵书,孙海峰,崔翔. VFTO作用下变压器绕组的过电压计算.高电压技术, 2005, 31(8):4-6
[16] Peng Ying, Ruan Jiangjun. Investigation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltage Distribution in Taper Winding of Tesla Transformer. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2006,42(3):434-441
[17]王赞基.大型变压器线圈暂态分析的一个模型.清华大学学报(自然科学版), 1993, 33(1):25-32
[18] Shibuya Y, Fujita S, Tamaki, E. Analysis of very fast transients in transformers. IEE Proceedings of Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 2001, 148( 5): 377-383
[19]彭迎,阮江军,张宇,等.脉冲变压器特快速暂态电压分布计算.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(11):140-145
[20]高有华.雷电冲击和快速暂态过电压对GIS及相连设备影响的研究:[博士学位论文].沈阳工业大学,2003
[21] Paul C. Finite-difference time-domain analysis of lossy transmission lines. IEEE Trans. on EMC,1996,38(1):15-23
[22] Guardado J, Cornick K. A computer model for calculating steep-fronted surge distribution in machine windings. IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, 1989, 4(1):95-101
[23] Petrarca C, Maffucci A, Tucci V, et al. Analysis of the voltage distribution in a motor stator winding subjected to steep-fronted surge voltages by means of a multiconductor lossy transmission line model. IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion,2004,19(1):7-17
[24] Keerthipala W, McLaren P. A multiconductor transmission line model for surge propagation studies in large a.c. machine windings. Proceedings of the 33rd Midwest Symp.on Circuits and Systems,12-14 Aug.,1990,2:629-632
[25] Popov M, Sluis L, Paap G, Herdt H. Computation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages in Transformer Windings. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 2003,18(4):1268-1274
[26] Shibuya Y, Fujita, S. High frequency model and transient response of transformer windings. Asia Pacific IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition,2002,3:1839-1844
[27] David Meeker. Finite Element Method Magnetics Version 4.0 User's Manual. http://femm.berlios.de
[28]孙海峰. VFTO作用下变压器绕组中波过程及谐振研究: [硕士学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2004
[29] Paul C. Analysis of Multiconductor Transmission Lines. American: J.Wiley,1994
[30] Ali Mazhab Jafari,Asghar Akbari. Partial discharge localization in transformer windings using multi-conductor transmission line model. Electric Power Systems Research,2008(78):1028-1037
[31] D.J. Wilcox, W.G.. Hurley. Calculation of self and mutual impedances between sections of transformer windings. Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng. C,1989(136):308-314
[32]变压器制造技术丛书编审委员会.变压器绕组制造工艺.北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[33]张嘉祥.变压器线圈波过程.北京:水利电力出版社,1982
[34]沈阳变压器研究所.变压器线圈制造.北京:机械工业出版社, 1983
[35] Lumped Model Approximations of Transmission Lines:Effect of Load Impedances on accuracy,Technical Report,Rome Air Development Center,Griffiss AFB,NY,RADC-TR-82-286, ol.IV E,August 1984(with W.W.Everett,III)
[36] R. Plonsey and R.E Collin, Principles and Applications of Electromagnetic Field, Graw-Hill, Y,1982
[37] M. Popov, L. van der Sluis, R. P. P. Smeets, Modeling, Simulation and Measurement of Fast Transients in Transformer Windings with Consideration of Frequency-Dependent Losses, IET Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 1, No. 1, January, 2007
[38] A. Oguz Soysal, A Method for Wide Frequency Modeling of Power Transformers and Rotating Machines, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, Vol. 8, No. 4, Oct 1993
[39] A. S. Alfuhaid, Frequency Characteristics of Single-Phase Two-Winding Transformers Using Distributed-Parameter Modeling, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, Vol. 16, No. 4, Oct 2001
[40]周程.特快速暂态过电压对气体绝缘变电站变压器影响的研究:[硕士学位论文].河北:华北电力大学电气工程学院,2003
[41] Francisco de leon ,Adam Semlyen. Reduced order model for transformer transients [J]. IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 1992, 7(1) : 361-369
[42] Ali Mazhab Jafari. Patial discharge localization in transformer windings using multi-conductor transmission line model [J]. Electric Power System Research 78(2008):1028-1037
[43] Morched A, Marti L.A High Frequency Transformer Model For EMTP. IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery,1993,8(3):pp945-949
[44] Francisco de leon ,Adam Semlyen. Efficient Calculation of Elementary Paramters of Transformers. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery.1992,7(1):525-531
[45] P.T.M. Vaessen. Transformer Model for High Frequencies. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery.1988,3(4):1761-1768
[46] P.T.M. Vaessen, E. Hanique. A New Frequency Respose Analysis Method for Power Transformer. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery.1992,7(1):384-391
[2] Blahous L, Gysel T. Mathematical investigation of the transient overvoltages during disconnector switching in GIS. IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems,1983,102(9):3088-3097
[3]贺景亮.变电站开关操作引起的暂态干扰.高电压技术,1989,54(4):8-11
[4]何青,王赞基.变压器线圈暂态的频域分析.清华大学学报,1995,35(1):39-45
[5]陈伟根,胡金星等.基于准静态电磁场的变压器线圈中特快速暂态仿真建模.电网技术,2005,29(23):56-60
[6] A Miri, N Riegel, A.Ulbricht. Finite element model for the investigation of the transient oscillations in the ITER toroidal field(TF) model coil. Eleventh International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering, UK, Aug.1999 vol.2: 43-46
[7] H Yamashita, V Cingoski, E Nakamae, et al. Design improvements on graded insulation of power transformers using transient electric field analysis and visualization technique. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1999,14(4): 1379-1384
[8]王晓辉.基于散射参数的VFTO下变压器绕组的过电压研究: [硕士学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2004
[9]梁贵书,王晓辉,张喜乐,崔翔.基于网络函数的VFTO下变压器绕组的响应研究.高压电器, 2004,40(6): 412-416
[10]梁贵书,张喜乐,王晓晖,董华英,崔翔.特快速暂态过电压下变压器绕组高频电路模型的研究.中国电机工程学报, 2006, 26(4): 144-148
[11]王森,郭小川,王莉英. GIS投切主变陡波前过电压的研究.西北电力技术, 2003, 31(4): 2-5
[12]马宜军.陡波前过电压下频变变压器绕组过电压时域算法研究: [硕士学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2007
[13]王赞基.变压器线圈特快速暂态建模.中国电机工程学报, 1996,16(5): 299-304
[14] M Popov, L Sluis, G Paap et al. Computation of very fast transient overvoltages in transformer windings. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2003, l8(4): 1268-1274
[15]张喜乐,梁贵书,孙海峰,崔翔. VFTO作用下变压器绕组的过电压计算.高电压技术, 2005, 31(8):4-6
[16] Peng Ying, Ruan Jiangjun. Investigation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltage Distribution in Taper Winding of Tesla Transformer. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2006,42(3):434-441
[17]王赞基.大型变压器线圈暂态分析的一个模型.清华大学学报(自然科学版), 1993, 33(1):25-32
[18] Shibuya Y, Fujita S, Tamaki, E. Analysis of very fast transients in transformers. IEE Proceedings of Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 2001, 148( 5): 377-383
[19]彭迎,阮江军,张宇,等.脉冲变压器特快速暂态电压分布计算.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(11):140-145
[20]高有华.雷电冲击和快速暂态过电压对GIS及相连设备影响的研究:[博士学位论文].沈阳工业大学,2003
[21] Paul C. Finite-difference time-domain analysis of lossy transmission lines. IEEE Trans. on EMC,1996,38(1):15-23
[22] Guardado J, Cornick K. A computer model for calculating steep-fronted surge distribution in machine windings. IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, 1989, 4(1):95-101
[23] Petrarca C, Maffucci A, Tucci V, et al. Analysis of the voltage distribution in a motor stator winding subjected to steep-fronted surge voltages by means of a multiconductor lossy transmission line model. IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion,2004,19(1):7-17
[24] Keerthipala W, McLaren P. A multiconductor transmission line model for surge propagation studies in large a.c. machine windings. Proceedings of the 33rd Midwest Symp.on Circuits and Systems,12-14 Aug.,1990,2:629-632
[25] Popov M, Sluis L, Paap G, Herdt H. Computation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages in Transformer Windings. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 2003,18(4):1268-1274
[26] Shibuya Y, Fujita, S. High frequency model and transient response of transformer windings. Asia Pacific IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition,2002,3:1839-1844
[27] David Meeker. Finite Element Method Magnetics Version 4.0 User's Manual. http://femm.berlios.de
[28]孙海峰. VFTO作用下变压器绕组中波过程及谐振研究: [硕士学位论文].河北保定:华北电力大学,2004
[29] Paul C. Analysis of Multiconductor Transmission Lines. American: J.Wiley,1994
[30] Ali Mazhab Jafari,Asghar Akbari. Partial discharge localization in transformer windings using multi-conductor transmission line model. Electric Power Systems Research,2008(78):1028-1037
[31] D.J. Wilcox, W.G.. Hurley. Calculation of self and mutual impedances between sections of transformer windings. Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng. C,1989(136):308-314
[32]变压器制造技术丛书编审委员会.变压器绕组制造工艺.北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[33]张嘉祥.变压器线圈波过程.北京:水利电力出版社,1982
[34]沈阳变压器研究所.变压器线圈制造.北京:机械工业出版社, 1983
[35] Lumped Model Approximations of Transmission Lines:Effect of Load Impedances on accuracy,Technical Report,Rome Air Development Center,Griffiss AFB,NY,RADC-TR-82-286, ol.IV E,August 1984(with W.W.Everett,III)
[36] R. Plonsey and R.E Collin, Principles and Applications of Electromagnetic Field, Graw-Hill, Y,1982
[37] M. Popov, L. van der Sluis, R. P. P. Smeets, Modeling, Simulation and Measurement of Fast Transients in Transformer Windings with Consideration of Frequency-Dependent Losses, IET Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 1, No. 1, January, 2007
[38] A. Oguz Soysal, A Method for Wide Frequency Modeling of Power Transformers and Rotating Machines, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, Vol. 8, No. 4, Oct 1993
[39] A. S. Alfuhaid, Frequency Characteristics of Single-Phase Two-Winding Transformers Using Distributed-Parameter Modeling, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, Vol. 16, No. 4, Oct 2001
[40]周程.特快速暂态过电压对气体绝缘变电站变压器影响的研究:[硕士学位论文].河北:华北电力大学电气工程学院,2003
[41] Francisco de leon ,Adam Semlyen. Reduced order model for transformer transients [J]. IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 1992, 7(1) : 361-369
[42] Ali Mazhab Jafari. Patial discharge localization in transformer windings using multi-conductor transmission line model [J]. Electric Power System Research 78(2008):1028-1037
[43] Morched A, Marti L.A High Frequency Transformer Model For EMTP. IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery,1993,8(3):pp945-949
[44] Francisco de leon ,Adam Semlyen. Efficient Calculation of Elementary Paramters of Transformers. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery.1992,7(1):525-531
[45] P.T.M. Vaessen. Transformer Model for High Frequencies. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery.1988,3(4):1761-1768
[46] P.T.M. Vaessen, E. Hanique. A New Frequency Respose Analysis Method for Power Transformer. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery.1992,7(1):384-391