韩城古城传统建筑环境和非物质文化遗产相互关系研究
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摘要
非物质文化遗产是人类宝贵的文化遗产,这种文化来源于民间,升华于民间文化,还原于民间生活。特别是韩城古城这种历史街区,它是一个地方经济、文化的聚集地,本身就有浓厚的文化底蕴,是非物质文化遗产滋生和发展的沃土。这些传统建筑环境中蕴藏着丰富的非物质文化遗产,提供给了非物质文化遗产赖以生存的物质空间环境,是非物质文化遗产生存和发展的最好场所;这些非物质文化遗产也是这种历史街区的灵魂,非物质文化遗产的存在和发展使这些传统建筑环境更具有活力和生机。传统建筑环境和非物质文化遗产犹如鱼水关系,它们共同存在,融合促进。
     文章采用实证法、分析法、归纳总结等方法。以韩城古城传统建筑和蕴藏在古城的非物质文化遗产为研究对象,重点考察了韩城古城人们聚居区现存的实例,深入调查研究,以此作为为研究依据,并以韩城的历史文化、生活的自然环境作、传统建筑的特点为贯穿的线索,对古城丰富多彩的传统公共建筑、居住建筑艺术以及非物质文化遗产展开分析与研究。研究总体上按照从分到总、由部分深化到整体的思路。
     文中重点研究的是古城传统建筑的特点以及蕴藏其中的非物质文化遗产所需的物质空间环境。一方面,它们本身就是研究的核心与重点,它们又有力地支撑着整个文章的归纳与总结。通过对部分加以整合,最终形成传统建筑体系的一系列文化特征。另一方面对当地的非物质文化遗产进行调研、分析、整理,从而总结出传统建筑环境和非物质文化遗产之间的密切联系,并由此挖掘整理出当地人们的思想内涵
     传统建筑和非物质文化遗产作为一种文化现象,它是多方面因素共同作用的结果,它的形成与发展是极其复杂的动态过程。各个组成部分并非孤立存在的篇章,它们是该地域内民族历史、生活习俗、宗教信仰、文化艺术等因素的复合产物,它们之间相互交织、深入融合,共同构筑了涵盖民族性与地域性的深厚的传统文化,同时强烈地体现出当地人们传承的思想特质。只有把握好传统建筑环境和非物质文化遗产的这种关系,才能使它们相互促进共同发展。
Intangible cultural heritage is our precious cultural legacy, this kind of culturecomes from the folk, is the sublimation of folk culture, the reduction of folk life.Especially in HanCheng city, this kind of historical block, it is a local economic andcultural compounds, itself has considerable culture, is the fertile land in whichimmaterial cultural heritage growth and development. These traditional architecturalenvironments contain rich intangible cultural heritage, offered the physical spacesurvival environment to the intangible cultural heritage, is the best places which it cansurvive and develop. The intangible cultural heritage is also the soul of the historicalblocks, the existence and development of intangible cultural heritage can also make thetraditional architectural environment more energetic and active. Traditionalarchitectural environment and intangible cultural heritage is like water relations, theyare common existence, fusion promotion.
     This paper adopts empirical method, analysis and summary techniques. TakeHanCheng ancient city with traditional building and contain in ancient city's intangiblecultural heritage as the research object, emphasizes on the ancient people HanChengexamples of existing ghetto, deeply investigation, as a basis for research, and withHanCheng historical culture and life of the natural environment and the characteristicsof traditional architecture for clues in ancient throughout, rich and colorful traditionalpublic buildings, residential building arts and non-material cultural heritage on analysisand research. Research follow the ideas which from assigned to total, follow thethought that from the deepen part to the whole.
     The research part which this paper focused on is the characteristics of ancienttraditional architecture and the important traditional building system elements. On theone hand, they itself is the core and key research; they strongly support the wholetraditional architecture features of induction and summarized. Through the integration,and finally form a part to a series of traditional architecture culture characteristic. Onthe other hand, to local intangible cultural heritage research, analysis, sorting, thussummarizes the close relationships between the traditional architectural environmentand intangible cultural heritage, and mining sort out of the ideological connotation ofthe local people.
     Traditional architecture and the intangible cultural heritage, as a kind of culturalphenomenon, it is the consequence of the interaction between various factors, itsformation and development is an extremely complex dynamic process. Eachcomponent is not just isolated existence chapters, they are the composite products offactors such as national history, customs, religious beliefs, arts and culture, and theeconomic life in the areas. They are intertwined, and deeply fusion between the covers,together build nationality and regional profound traditional culture, also stronglyreflects the transfer ideological trait of local people. Only a good grasp of therelationship of the traditional architectural environment and non-material culturalheritage, can bring them mutually promote common development.
引文
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