农民工生殖健康需求和服务对策研究
|
摘要
研究目的
通过对农民工生殖健康需求和入住地相关服务基本信息的研究,为建立农民工生殖健康服务对策和流入地的属地化管理提供科学依据。
研究方法
通过不同城市农民工生殖健康调查所获得的基础资料,用EpiData 2.0,Excel2003,SPSS等软件进行数据处理,采用文献分析、描述性统计、单因素分析和决策树等方法对农民工的生殖健康需求和服务进行定量分析,然后运用健康教育、社会性别及健康人口学等理论进行剖析研究
研究结果
1、武汉、重庆和广州三市横断面调查发现,农民工生殖健康需求及服务存在以下问题:①生殖健康知识匮乏;②自我保健意识薄弱;③接受基本卫生服务和生殖健康服务主动性很差;④采取避孕节育措施的自主性较差;⑤对艾滋病和性传播疾病认知不足;⑥传统的性道德观念正在悄然发生改变,婚前性行为增多;⑦农民工入住地的生殖健康服务可及性较差。
2对广州市农民工生殖健康需求及服务的进一步深入研究结果发现:①农民工生殖健康知识、行为及需求有明显的性别差异,如婚前性行为男性比例为43%,女性仅为12%;男性多性伴侣比例为23%,女性仅为11%。②社会人口学因素、流动性因素以及对生殖健康的认知因素,相互交融地对农民工生殖健康知识、态度和行为产生影响;社会人口学因素中,农民工的文化程度、年龄、结婚年龄与生殖健康认知、态度和行为关系密切,其中,认知与农民工生殖健康行为的相关性更为紧密。如从不使用安全套的比例,在知道安全套能避孕的未婚女性中为27.8%,而在不知道安全套能避孕的未婚女性中则为42%;③农民工得到的避孕药具提供、性病艾滋病查治以及相关的健康教育服务,在同一城市的不同社区差别较大,如开发区和番禺区的未婚男性获得避孕药具的比例达42.6%,而海珠区只有13.8%。
3、武汉市已婚女性农民工健康教育干预试验表明,短期的健康教育能够迅速提高其生殖健康知识,但对专业性较强的知识效果不明显。
研究特色:
1、通过武汉、重庆、广州三市和广州这一具有农民工特色城市的生殖健康需求和服务研究,为全国深入了解农民工生殖健康现状提供了基础资料。
2、从社会性别视角对广州市农民工生殖健康的分析研究,为全国今后制定城市农民工生殖健康评价体系奠定了基础。
Objective
With the study on the needs and services of reproductive health of migrant workers in inflowing places, to provide the scientic data and facts for the establishment of strategies of the reproductive health services providing.
Methods
Under the foundation of KAP, Health demology and Gender theories, to study the reproductive health of migrant workers by qualitative analyse of the data from the cross-secectional surveys in different cities with the means of literature reviews, discriptive statistic, single factors analyzing and decision tree using Epidata2.0 Excel2003, SPSS13.0 softwares, etc.
Results
1. It’s found from the cross-sectional survey in Wuhan,Chongqin and Guangzhou cities that: (1)The knowledge of reproductive health in migrant workers is short; (2) The self-care in them is poor; (3) Getting reproductive health services on themselve’s own is not enough; (4) Using the contraceptive independent is poor; (5) The cognition of HIV/AIDS is not enough; (6) The traditional belief of sex on moral changed gadually and the premarital sex behaviors increased; (7) The reproductive health services on inflowing places is not accessibility enough.
2. It’s found from the qualitative analyse of the data from the second cross-sectional survey in Guangzhou city that: In migrant workers, (1) there are lots of gender difference of reproductive health knowledges, behaviors ,needs and services, for instance, the percent premarital sex behaviors is 43% in males, but 12% in females, and the percent of multi-partners is 23% in males, but 11% in females; (2) The factors of socio-demology, floating and cognition affected the attitudes and behaviors of reproductive health interactionally in them.The effect of districts, educational levels, age and marrige time in socio-demology factors is obviously. The cognition of reproductive health with the behaviors is more close, for instance, the percent of never using condom in the unmarried females who know that condom can contracept is 27.8%, but 42% in those who don’t know that; (3) The provided services of reproductive health are different in different districts of the city, for instance, the percent of receiving contraceptive in unmarried males of Kaifa and Panyu districts is 42.6%, but 13.8% in Haizhu district.
3. The intervention of reproductive health education in married females of Wuhan city show that the short-term health education could improve the general knoweledge of reroductive health , but not the proffessional.
Conclusions
1. The sicio-demology characteristics of migrant workers in different cities: the age of them is between 16-49 age; the main educational level is junior high school; the income is low generally; the inhibitant circumstance is poor.
2. Lack of knowledge, poor self-care of reproductive health and changed traditional belief of sex on moral, the premarital sex behaviors increased, the risk of abortion and STD/HIV/AIDS spreeding increasing.
3. The provided services of reproductive health in different inflowing place are different though a series of relevent policies were constituted.
4. It’s suggested that the government should strengthen the responsibility and increase input for increasing the self-care ability of reproductive health in migrant workers, establishing and improving the system of management and services for them, in order to insure the sustainable development of reproductive health manage and services providing for migrant workers in cities.
Innovation
1. The basic information were provided for understanding the national conditions of reproductive health in migrant workers by the surveys of reproductive health in Wuhan, Chongqin and Guangzhou cities.
2. The analyse of reproductive health of Guangzhou migrant workers on the Gender theories founded the basis for the establishment of reproductive health assesment system at national level in future.
通过对农民工生殖健康需求和入住地相关服务基本信息的研究,为建立农民工生殖健康服务对策和流入地的属地化管理提供科学依据。
研究方法
通过不同城市农民工生殖健康调查所获得的基础资料,用EpiData 2.0,Excel2003,SPSS等软件进行数据处理,采用文献分析、描述性统计、单因素分析和决策树等方法对农民工的生殖健康需求和服务进行定量分析,然后运用健康教育、社会性别及健康人口学等理论进行剖析研究
研究结果
1、武汉、重庆和广州三市横断面调查发现,农民工生殖健康需求及服务存在以下问题:①生殖健康知识匮乏;②自我保健意识薄弱;③接受基本卫生服务和生殖健康服务主动性很差;④采取避孕节育措施的自主性较差;⑤对艾滋病和性传播疾病认知不足;⑥传统的性道德观念正在悄然发生改变,婚前性行为增多;⑦农民工入住地的生殖健康服务可及性较差。
2对广州市农民工生殖健康需求及服务的进一步深入研究结果发现:①农民工生殖健康知识、行为及需求有明显的性别差异,如婚前性行为男性比例为43%,女性仅为12%;男性多性伴侣比例为23%,女性仅为11%。②社会人口学因素、流动性因素以及对生殖健康的认知因素,相互交融地对农民工生殖健康知识、态度和行为产生影响;社会人口学因素中,农民工的文化程度、年龄、结婚年龄与生殖健康认知、态度和行为关系密切,其中,认知与农民工生殖健康行为的相关性更为紧密。如从不使用安全套的比例,在知道安全套能避孕的未婚女性中为27.8%,而在不知道安全套能避孕的未婚女性中则为42%;③农民工得到的避孕药具提供、性病艾滋病查治以及相关的健康教育服务,在同一城市的不同社区差别较大,如开发区和番禺区的未婚男性获得避孕药具的比例达42.6%,而海珠区只有13.8%。
3、武汉市已婚女性农民工健康教育干预试验表明,短期的健康教育能够迅速提高其生殖健康知识,但对专业性较强的知识效果不明显。
研究特色:
1、通过武汉、重庆、广州三市和广州这一具有农民工特色城市的生殖健康需求和服务研究,为全国深入了解农民工生殖健康现状提供了基础资料。
2、从社会性别视角对广州市农民工生殖健康的分析研究,为全国今后制定城市农民工生殖健康评价体系奠定了基础。
Objective
With the study on the needs and services of reproductive health of migrant workers in inflowing places, to provide the scientic data and facts for the establishment of strategies of the reproductive health services providing.
Methods
Under the foundation of KAP, Health demology and Gender theories, to study the reproductive health of migrant workers by qualitative analyse of the data from the cross-secectional surveys in different cities with the means of literature reviews, discriptive statistic, single factors analyzing and decision tree using Epidata2.0 Excel2003, SPSS13.0 softwares, etc.
Results
1. It’s found from the cross-sectional survey in Wuhan,Chongqin and Guangzhou cities that: (1)The knowledge of reproductive health in migrant workers is short; (2) The self-care in them is poor; (3) Getting reproductive health services on themselve’s own is not enough; (4) Using the contraceptive independent is poor; (5) The cognition of HIV/AIDS is not enough; (6) The traditional belief of sex on moral changed gadually and the premarital sex behaviors increased; (7) The reproductive health services on inflowing places is not accessibility enough.
2. It’s found from the qualitative analyse of the data from the second cross-sectional survey in Guangzhou city that: In migrant workers, (1) there are lots of gender difference of reproductive health knowledges, behaviors ,needs and services, for instance, the percent premarital sex behaviors is 43% in males, but 12% in females, and the percent of multi-partners is 23% in males, but 11% in females; (2) The factors of socio-demology, floating and cognition affected the attitudes and behaviors of reproductive health interactionally in them.The effect of districts, educational levels, age and marrige time in socio-demology factors is obviously. The cognition of reproductive health with the behaviors is more close, for instance, the percent of never using condom in the unmarried females who know that condom can contracept is 27.8%, but 42% in those who don’t know that; (3) The provided services of reproductive health are different in different districts of the city, for instance, the percent of receiving contraceptive in unmarried males of Kaifa and Panyu districts is 42.6%, but 13.8% in Haizhu district.
3. The intervention of reproductive health education in married females of Wuhan city show that the short-term health education could improve the general knoweledge of reroductive health , but not the proffessional.
Conclusions
1. The sicio-demology characteristics of migrant workers in different cities: the age of them is between 16-49 age; the main educational level is junior high school; the income is low generally; the inhibitant circumstance is poor.
2. Lack of knowledge, poor self-care of reproductive health and changed traditional belief of sex on moral, the premarital sex behaviors increased, the risk of abortion and STD/HIV/AIDS spreeding increasing.
3. The provided services of reproductive health in different inflowing place are different though a series of relevent policies were constituted.
4. It’s suggested that the government should strengthen the responsibility and increase input for increasing the self-care ability of reproductive health in migrant workers, establishing and improving the system of management and services for them, in order to insure the sustainable development of reproductive health manage and services providing for migrant workers in cities.
Innovation
1. The basic information were provided for understanding the national conditions of reproductive health in migrant workers by the surveys of reproductive health in Wuhan, Chongqin and Guangzhou cities.
2. The analyse of reproductive health of Guangzhou migrant workers on the Gender theories founded the basis for the establishment of reproductive health assesment system at national level in future.
引文
[1].李竞能.现代西方人口理论.上海:复旦大学出版社,2004:346-357.
[2].Programme of Action, adopted at the international conference on population and development, Cario, 5-13 September 1994.
[3].Power, money and autonomy in national poliies and, reproductive health matters, volume 12 number 24 november 2004, ISSN 0968-8080, Elsevier Ltd.
[4].Sexuality, rights and social justice, reproductive health matters, volume 12 number 23 november 2004, ISSN 0968-8080, Elsevier Ltd.
[5].Implementing ICPD: what’s happening in countries, reproductive health matters, volume 13 number 25 november 2005, ISSN 0968-8080, Elsevier Ltd.
[6].王临虹.生殖健康.北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2004:3-5.
[7].Fathalla,M. Research needs in human reproduction, in Research in Human Reproduction. In: Diczfalusy, E, et al. Biennial Report(1986~1987). Geneva: World Health Organization, 1988.
[8].UNFPA's Contribution to Meeting the MDGs: Findings from the United Nations Millennium Project,Sexual and Reproductive Health Findings. http://www.unfpa.org/icpd/srh.htm
[9].Integrated and Comprehensive Reproductive Health Services within the Primary HealthCare System Seminar. Richard Leete, Ph D United Nations Resident Coordinator, UNDP Resident Representative for Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei Darussalam, and UNFPA Representative for Malaysia, 10 March 2005, www.undp.org.my/uploads/March_10_2005_LPPKN.pdf
[10].Reproductive Health Strategy - World Health Organization.www.who. int/reproductive- health/strategy.htm
[11].Population & Reproductive Health. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/ TOPICS/EXTHEALTHNUTRITIONANDPOP
[12].Young People's Health and Development A Reproductive and Sexual Health Centred Approach.http://www.sida.se/sida/jsp/sida.jspd=118&a=31491&language=en_US&searchWords=reproductive%20health.
[13].Sexuality and Reproductive Health. http://www.fordfound.org/ searchresults? reproductive% 20health &page= 25.
[14].Burkina Faso - Improving the lives and reproductive health of married and unmarried adolescent, http://www.unicef.org/search/search.php?q=reproductive+health&page=2.
[15].William A.Ryan, Stan Bernstein, The Cairo Consensus at Ten :Population, Reproductive health and the Global Effort to end poverty, State of world population 2004.
[16].朱明若,刘伯红,杜洁.中国妇女生育健康促进-从需求评估到政策发展.北京:中国社会出版社,2005.
[17].张开宁,祁秉先,方箐.生育健康服务及其研究.北京:北京人民卫生出版社,2000.
[18].Cordia Chu,萧扬,胡玉坤等.妇女生育健康与研究.北京:中国书籍出版社,1998.
[19].Boyd,M.,and M. Vickers. Autumn 2000. 100 years of immigration in Canada. p.6. Canadian Statistical Trends; and Houstoun,M.,R.Kramer, and J.Barre tt.1984. Female Predominance in immigration to the United States Since 1930: A first look. Special issue: Women in Migration. Iternational Migration Review 18(4): 908.
[20].国务院研究室课题组.中国农民工调研报告—中国农民工问题研究总报告.北京:中国言实出版社,3-4.
[21].胡俊峰,侯培森.当代健康教育与健康促进.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005:35~36.
[22].Louis G. Pol, Richard K. Thomas(美)著.陈功,庞丽华等译.宋新明,郑晓瑛审校.健康人口学.北京:北京大学出版社,2005:117,301.
[23].周颜玲.社会性别研究选译—有关妇女、性和社会性别的话语.北京:三联书店,1998.
[24].苏红.多重视角下的社会性别观.上海:上海大学出版社,2004:35~36.
[25].杜荣芳.从社会性别视角看农村“留守妻子”现象.农村经济,2007,6:117~119.
[26].杨慧.男女平等的不同认识及其成因剖析—从社会性别理论视角.安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2005,29(5):140~143.
[27].于长春,贺佳,范思昌等.数据挖掘技术在医学领域中的应用.第二军医大学学报,2003,24(11):1250~1252.
[28].黄高明.数据挖掘及其在医疗卫生领域中的应用.广西医学,2006,28(2):161~164.
[29].徐刚,袁兆康.数据挖掘及其在医学领域中的应用和展望.实用临床医学,2006,7卷(11):196~198.
[30].徐蕾,贺佳,孟虹等.决策树技术及其在医学中的应用.数理医药学杂志,2004,17(2):161~162.
[31].梁华金,申深,陈海雯.基于决策树的选案分析模型设计.现代计算机,2002,6(141):21~23.
[32].中国人民大学统计学系数据挖掘中心.数据挖掘中的决策树技术及其应用.统计与信息论坛,2002,17(52):4~10.
[33].Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber. DATA MINING Concepts and Techniques[M].Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,2000.
[34].Kantardzic M.DATA MINING Concepts, Models, Methods and Algorithms[M].IEEE Press,2002.
[35].刘昆,刘业政.基于决策树的医疗数据分析.计算机工程,2002,28(2):41~43.
[36].Jiawei Han,Micheline Kamber.范明,孟小峰等译.数据挖掘概念与技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:188~192.
[37].数据挖掘入门基础.http://www.dmgroup.org.cn/zongshu050322/zs17.htm.
[38].Chaturvedi A, Green P E, et al. SPSS for Windows, CHAID 6.0. Journal of Marketing Research, 1995, 32(2): 245~255.
[39].石玲,王燕.婴幼儿死亡危险因素的研究—兼论CHAID方法的原理及应用.中国卫生统计.2002,1(5):283~285.
[40].张娴静,陈政,赵耐青等.上海市嘉定区农村居民就诊单位选择的影响因素分析—决策树和多分类无序反应变量的logistic回归相结合的方法.中国卫生统计,2005,22(2):80~84.
[41].张超,杨俊明,陈平雁.综合医院急诊病人满意度影响因素分析.中国医院统计2006年6月第13卷第2期:97~99
[42].刘碧瑶、沈毅、何凡、汪萍、姚炯,线外病人发生率的影响因素分析,中国卫生统计,2006,23(6):505~511.
[43].Perreault Jr W D, Barksdale Jr H C. A model-free approach for analysis of complex contingency data in survey research.. Journal of Marketing Research, 1980, 17(4): 503 ~526.
[44].刘碧瑶,沈毅,何凡等.线外病人发生率的影响因素分析.中国卫生统计,2006,23(6):505~511.
[45].Chi C F, Chen. Reanalyzing occupational fatality injuries in Taiwan with a model free approach. Safety Science, 2003, 41(8): 681~700.
[46].林震岩.多变量分析-SPSS的操作与应用.北京:北京大学出版社,2007:504~512.
[47].Greene,M.E., and A.E.Biddlecom.2000. Absent and Problematic Men: Demographic Accounts of Male Reproductive Roles. Population and Development Review 26(1): 81~115.
[48].Jacobson,J.2000. Transforming Family Planning Programmes: Towards a Framework for Advancing the Reproductive Right Agenda. Reproductive Health Matters8(15):21~32.
[49].陈新.男性生殖健康和男性参与生殖健康研究进展(一).中国生育健康杂志,2003,14(1):4~7.
[50].陈新.男性生殖健康和男性参与生殖健康研究进展(二).中国生育健康杂志,2003,14(2):78~80.
[51].中国国别性别报告.世界银行, 2002 . http://www.worldbank.org.cn/ Chinese/content/ gender-cn.pdf
[52].Focusing on gender-An assessment of gender integration in UNFPA materials,UNFPA, http://www.unfpa.org/exbrd/2006/annualsession/dpfpa-2006-5.pdf.
[53].Gender,health and development in the Americas-Basic indicators 2005,UNFPA,UNIFEM ,http://www.unifem.org/search/search.php?zoom_query=gender&zoom_per_page=10&zoom_and=1&zoom_sort=0.
[54].Taking gender equality seriously-Making progress,meeting new challenges,UNDP, http://www.undp-pogar.org/governance/publications.asp?tid=4&src=2&type=0.
[55].佟新.社会性别研究导论-两性不平等的社会机制分析.北京:北京大学出版社,2005.
[56].苏红等.多重视角下的社会性别观.上海:上海大学出版社,2004.
[57].Prof (Dr) Suneela Garg, Deptt.Of Community Medicine Maulana Azad Medical College ,New Delhi -110002. Reproductive Health Programming From Gender perspective. http://www.indmedica.com/journals/xhtml/22_Reproductive%20Health%20Programming%20From%20Gender%20perspective_garg.htm
[58].Jessika van Kammen and Nelly Oudshoorn. Gender and risk assessment in contraceptive technologies. Sociology of Health & Illness Vol. 24 No. 4 2002 ISSN 0141–9889, pp. 436~ 461.
[59].Kathryn M. Yount,Ray Langsten, and Kenneth Hill. The effect of gender preference on contraceptive use and fertility in rural egypt. Studies in Family Planning 2000;31[4]: 290~300.
[60].So′ley S. Bender and Elise Kosunen. Teenage Contraceptive Use in Iceland:A Gender Perspective, Public Health Nursing Vol. 22 No. 1, pp. 17~26.
[61].Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health andRights: A key to ending HIV/AIDS. Development, 2005, 48(4), (56–60),2005 Society for International Development 1011-6370/05, www.sidint.org/development
[62].Mary Hamra, Michael W. Ross, Mark Orrs and Angelo D’Agostino. Relationship between expressed HIV/AIDS-related stigma and HIV beliefs/knowledge and behaviour in families of HIV infected children in Kenya. Tropical Medicine and International Health, volume 11 no 4 pp 513–527 april 2006. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01583.x
[63].Sathja Thato, Denise Charron-Prochownik, Lorah D. Dorn, Susan A. Albrecht, Clement A. Stone. Predictors of Condom Use Among Adolescent Thai Vocational Students. JOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, 2003; 35:2, 157-163. ?2003 SIGMA THETA TAU INTERNATIONAL.
[64].Mary F. Cox. Racial Differences in Parenting Dimensions and Adolescent Condom Use at Sexual Debut. Public Health Nursing Vol. 23 No. 1, pp. 2~10; 0737-1209/06 Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
[65].Claire Dye, Dawn M. Upchurch. Moderating Effects of Gender on Alcohol Use: Implications for Condom Use at First Intercourse. Journal ofSchool Health d March 2006, Vol. 76, No. 3 d 2006,pp 111-116; American School Health Association.
[66].Peter Fajans; Ruth Simmons; Laura Ghiron. Helping Public Sector Health Systems Innovate: TheStrategic Approach to Strengthening Reproductive health Polices and Programs. American Journal of Public Health; Mar 2006; 96, 3; ABI/INFORM Global, pg. 435.
[67].高尔生,左霞云,沈燕等.未婚流动人口性与生殖健康知识性别差异分析.中国公共卫生,2006 ,22 (4 ):508~509.
[68].萧扬.社会性别视角下的妇女生殖健康.浙江学刊,2001,5:110~113.
[69].赵凤敏,郭素芳,王临虹等.中国农村已婚妇女社会性别意识,家庭事务决策及孕产期保健状况调查.中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(9):780~784.
[70].王英,陈澜燕,张红漫等.HIV/ AIDS流行控制中的社会性别分析.中国艾滋病性病2004 ,10 (3 ):172~174.
[71].李飏.HIV/AIDS流行进程中的社会性别问题.统计与决策,2005,5:95~97.
[72].龙秋霞.艾滋病传播与社会性别分析.学术研究,2003,11:76~79.
[73].王英,龙秋霞.艾滋病流行影响因素的社会性别分析.中国公共卫生,2004 ,20卷(9 ):1073~1074.
[74].钱鑫.社会性别视角下的女性艾滋病问题.2006,22(1):15~18.
[75].李承希,董青,赵根明等.性别因素对浦东新区流动人口性病/艾滋病KAP影响的定性研究.海峡预防医学杂志,2002,8(6):47~49.
[76].龙秋霞,王英.影响艾滋病流行因素的社会性别分析.中国医学伦理学,2004 ,17(6):56~58.
[77].楼超华,沈燕,高尔生等.不同特征未婚流动人口性相关行为的发生状况.生殖与避孕, 25(l2):738~744.
[78].鲍静.中国传统社会中性别模式的构建与认知.中国行政管理,2007,3(261):83~86.
[79].流动人口计划生育管理和服务的若干规定. http://www.gov.cn/banshi/ 2005-08/21/ content_25062.htm
[80].夏国美.边缘化现象与社会整合—城市外来未婚女性生育健康问题的调查与解析.社会文化变迁中的性别研究/徐安琪主编.上海:上海社会科学出版社,2005:253~254.
[81].A Joint Assessment of HIV/AIDS Prevention,Treatment and Care in China. State Council AIDS Working Committee Office,UN Theme Group on AIDS in China http://www. chinaids.org.cn/n435777/n443716/appendix/Joint_Assessment_EN.pdf.
[82].Making 1 billion count: investing in adolescents' health and rights. state of world population 2003,p21. http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2003/english/sources.htm.
[83].state of world population 2005:The Promise of Equality: gender Equity, Reproductive Health&the MDGs. http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2005/
[84].郑真真.育龄妇女生殖健康的社区影响因素分析.1997年全国人口与生殖健康调查论文集.北京:中国人口出版社,1999:96~105.
[85].BEEKLE A.T. & MCCABE C. (2006) Awareness and determinants of family planning practice in Jimma, Ethiopia.International Nursing Review 53, 269~276,
[86].陈旭,李雁,张传仓等.我国五城市已婚育龄妇女选择避孕措施的影响因素分析.广东医学,2004,25(12):1449~1451.
[87].黄洪琳,周丽苹.育龄妇女生殖健康状况及其影响因素分析.人口与经济,2004, 4(145):23.
[88].Aimee Afable-Munsuz; Claire D Brindis, Acculturation and the Sexual and Reproductive Health Of Latino Youth in the United States: A Literature Review. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health; Dec 2006; 38, 4; Academic Research Library pg. 208.
[89].The world Bank 2001;Smith,L.C.,and L.Haddad.2000. Explaining Child Malnutrition in Developing Countries: A Cross Country Analysis. Research report. No.111.Washington D.C.; International Food Policy Institute; and Schultz.
[90].The World Bank Annual Report 2001, p.83. http://www.worldbank.org/annualreport/ 2001/ Bank_splash12.html.
[91].Toure,Aminata.2004. Strengthening Families Through the Implementation of ICPD Programme of Action: UNFPA’s perspective. www.unicef.org/childfamilies/files/ Strengthening_Families_Through_the_Implementation_of_ICPD_PA.doc.
[92].De Bruyn,Maria,Packer.Adolescents,unwanted pregnancy and abortion policies, counselingand clinical care, Chapel Hill, NG, lpas,2004,5:l~56.
[93].Chris Magnusson, Adolescent girl’s sexual attitudes and oppositesex relations in 1970 and in 1996.Journal of adolescent health,2001, 28:242~252.
[94].Sundby J, Svane myr J, Mahre T. Avoiding unwanted pregnancy the role of communication,information and knowledge in the use of contraception among young Norwegian women.patient Education and counseling, 1999, 38:l1~19.
[95].Experiences of 100% condom use programme in selected countries of Asia. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific. 2004. ISBN 9290610921.Nlm Classification:WC 503.6. www.wpro.who.int.
[96].Deanna Kerrigan, Jonathan M.Ellen, Luis Moreno, etc. Eviromental-structural factors significantly associated with consistent condom use among female sex workers in the Dominican Republic. AIDS 2003,17:415~423.
[97].Emmanuel Lagarde, Mchel Carael, Judith R.Glynn, etc. Educational level is associated with condom use within non-spousal partnerships in four cities of sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS 2001,15:1399~1488.
[98].M L Wong, I Lubek,B C Dy, S Pen, etc. Social and behavioural factors associated with condom use among direct sex workers in Siem Reap,Cambodia. Sex. Transm.inf. 2003:79; 163~165.
[99].[99]A Ferguson, M Pere, C Morris, E Ngugi, S moses. Sxual patterning and condom use among a group of HIV vulnerable men in Thika, Kenya. Sex Tramsn infect2004;80:435~439.
[100].张建端,石淑华,刘筱娴等.流动人口已婚妇女生殖健康认知状况的调查.中国公共卫生,2001,17(1):964~966..
[101].郑立新,朱嘉铭,田佩玲等.广州外来未婚年轻女工性行为状况及影响因素.中国妇幼保健,2000,15(2):94~95.
[102].郑真真,周云,郑立新等.中国五城市外来未婚青年女工的性行为和避孕方法的使用.生殖健康要略,2001,9(5):11~19.
[103].State of world population2004: The Cairo Consensus at Ten: Population, Reproductive Health and the Global Effort to End Poverty, UNFPA ,p.36, http://www. unfpa.org/swp/ 2004/ swpmain.htm
[104].董青,李承希,赵根明等.上海浦东新区流动人口艾滋病/性传播疾病知识﹑态度及行为调查.中国健康教育,2003,19(6):409~411.
[105].李承希,董青,赵根明等.浦东新区川沙镇流动人口性病艾滋病KAP调查及影响因素分析.上海预防医学杂志,2003,15(4):171~174.
[106].钟栗,张继昌.在劳务市场流动打工人口中开展性病艾滋病健康教育研究方法探讨.预防医学情报杂志,2003,19(3):221~222..
[107].刘琪,傅小鲁,贾勇等.在成都市建筑工地流动人口中开展性病艾滋病流动宣传模式探讨.中国卫生事业管理,2003,6:364~367.
[108].傅小鲁,贾勇,欧志勇等.建筑工地流动人口预防艾滋病行为干预效果评价.现代预防医学,2001,28(4):516~518.
[109].Yangda k ,Smith SV, et al. Reproductive health and human rights. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003 Sep;82(3):275~83.
[110].The world health report 2000-Health systems: improving performance. Geneva: World health organization;2000.
[111].Galliamova IuA, Iakovleva TV. Legal protection of population's reproductive health. Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Istor Med, 2003 May-Jun;(3):22~5.
[112].贺佳,贺宪民,高尔生等.生殖健康综合评价模型的研究.中国公共卫生, 2002,21(1):33~38.
[113].贺佳,高尔生,楼超华..综合评价中权重系数及标准化方法的研究.中国公共卫生,2001,17(11):1048~1450.
[114].郑晓瑛.关于构建妇幼卫生管理评价方法的研究.中国妇幼保健,2001,16(6):333~336.
[115].陈晓剑,梁梁.系统评价方法及其应用.北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,1993.
[1]叶文振.女性学导论.厦门:厦门大学出版社,2006.
[2] (美)谢弗(Shaffer,D.R.)著.邹泓等译.发展心理学:儿童与青少年.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2005.
[3]萧扬.社会性别视角下的妇女生殖健康.浙江学刊,2005,5:110~113.
[4]冯玉丽.人口生育政策的社会性别分析.甘肃社会科学,2007,3:22~23.
[5] The Promise of Equality: gender Equity, Reproductive Health and the MDGs. state of world population 2005. http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2005/.
[6]中国防治艾滋病工作委员会办公室,联合国中国艾滋病专题组.2004年中国艾滋病防治联合评估报告.2004.
[7]杜洁.社会性别与艾滋病.艾滋病防治:人文一社会科学研究.清华大学AIDS与SAPS国际论坛,2003.
[8]王金玲.社会性别视角下的艾滋病与女性亚文化群体.第一届中国艾滋病性病防治大会论文集.2001.
[9]潘绥铭..艾滋病研究给社会学提出的新问题.社会学研究,2001: 39~43.
[10]张北川.中国大陆男同性性接触者的艾滋病高危行为及影响因素研究(一) .中国艾滋病性病,2001,7(1):7~10.
[11]龙秋霞.妇女易感艾滋病的社会文化原因探析及对策建议—基于广东的调查.妇女研究论丛,2006,1(70):20~25.
[12]李飏.H IV/AI DS流行进程中的社会性别问题.统计与决策2005,5:95~97.
[13]刘伯红,李亚妮.对艾滋病的社会性别分析—读《红丝带的思索》.妇女研究论丛,2005,1(63):68~72.
[14]夏国美,杨秀石.社会性别、人口流动与艾滋病风险.中国社会科学,2006,6:88~99.
[15]张开宁,朱兆芳.在艾滋项目中融入社会性别视角.妇女研究论从,2005,6(68):30~33.
[16]潘橱,高源,杨洋等.社会性别与大学生艾滋病健康教育.现代预防医学,2007,34(7):1330~1332.
[17]靳薇.社会性别视角与艾滋病防治.科学社会主义,2007,1:120~123.
[18]肖扬.对人口和生殖健康领域的社会性别意识调查与思考.人口学刊,2007,5(165),60~64.
[19]赵风敏,郭素芳,王临虹等.中国农村已婚妇女社会性别意识、家庭事务决策及孕产期保健状况调查.中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(9):780~784
[20]王曲娜.男女平等基本国策及性别意识调查问卷分析与思考.鞍山社会科学,2006,1:13-15.
[21]张河川.未婚青年社会性别意识生殖健康的相关研究.人口与计划生育,2005,3:31~33.
[22]吕红平.社会性别视角下的出生婴儿性别比偏高问题分析.甘肃社会科学,2007,3:17~19.
[23]邱红.农村出生性别比失衡的社会性别分析.人口学刊,2007,5(165):15~18.
[24]卫生部妇幼保健与社区卫生司,中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心.母婴保健中的社会性别平等相关问题的调查报告—生殖健康应用性研究课题报告集—中国联合国人口基金生殖健康/计划生育第五周期项目,2006.
[25]袁彦玲,叶汉风,童吉渝等.在妇女生殖道感染防治中引入社会性别视角的实践和思考.中国计划生育学杂志,2007,1(135):29~31.
[26] Heise,L.,M. Ellsberg, and M.Gottemoeller,1999.”Ending violence against women.”Population reports series L.No.11.Baltimore,Maryland:Population Information Program,Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health.
[27] UN Millennium Project 2005a,pp.15 and 110.
[28] Various country studies cited in:Best, K.2000.”Many Young Face Grim STD Risks.”Network 20(3):4-9
[29] Dreyer,A.,J.Kim,and N.Schaay.2002.”Violence against Women:What Do We Want to Teach Our Teachers?”ID21 Research Highlight.Brighten, United Kingdom:ID21 Research Development.Web Site: www.id21.org/Education/Egvedreyer.html.
[30]吴久玲,王临虹,赵更力等.性暴力与生殖健康研究.中国妇幼保健,2006,21:967~970.
[2].Programme of Action, adopted at the international conference on population and development, Cario, 5-13 September 1994.
[3].Power, money and autonomy in national poliies and, reproductive health matters, volume 12 number 24 november 2004, ISSN 0968-8080, Elsevier Ltd.
[4].Sexuality, rights and social justice, reproductive health matters, volume 12 number 23 november 2004, ISSN 0968-8080, Elsevier Ltd.
[5].Implementing ICPD: what’s happening in countries, reproductive health matters, volume 13 number 25 november 2005, ISSN 0968-8080, Elsevier Ltd.
[6].王临虹.生殖健康.北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2004:3-5.
[7].Fathalla,M. Research needs in human reproduction, in Research in Human Reproduction. In: Diczfalusy, E, et al. Biennial Report(1986~1987). Geneva: World Health Organization, 1988.
[8].UNFPA's Contribution to Meeting the MDGs: Findings from the United Nations Millennium Project,Sexual and Reproductive Health Findings. http://www.unfpa.org/icpd/srh.htm
[9].Integrated and Comprehensive Reproductive Health Services within the Primary HealthCare System Seminar. Richard Leete, Ph D United Nations Resident Coordinator, UNDP Resident Representative for Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei Darussalam, and UNFPA Representative for Malaysia, 10 March 2005, www.undp.org.my/uploads/March_10_2005_LPPKN.pdf
[10].Reproductive Health Strategy - World Health Organization.www.who. int/reproductive- health/strategy.htm
[11].Population & Reproductive Health. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/ TOPICS/EXTHEALTHNUTRITIONANDPOP
[12].Young People's Health and Development A Reproductive and Sexual Health Centred Approach.http://www.sida.se/sida/jsp/sida.jspd=118&a=31491&language=en_US&searchWords=reproductive%20health.
[13].Sexuality and Reproductive Health. http://www.fordfound.org/ searchresults? reproductive% 20health &page= 25.
[14].Burkina Faso - Improving the lives and reproductive health of married and unmarried adolescent, http://www.unicef.org/search/search.php?q=reproductive+health&page=2.
[15].William A.Ryan, Stan Bernstein, The Cairo Consensus at Ten :Population, Reproductive health and the Global Effort to end poverty, State of world population 2004.
[16].朱明若,刘伯红,杜洁.中国妇女生育健康促进-从需求评估到政策发展.北京:中国社会出版社,2005.
[17].张开宁,祁秉先,方箐.生育健康服务及其研究.北京:北京人民卫生出版社,2000.
[18].Cordia Chu,萧扬,胡玉坤等.妇女生育健康与研究.北京:中国书籍出版社,1998.
[19].Boyd,M.,and M. Vickers. Autumn 2000. 100 years of immigration in Canada. p.6. Canadian Statistical Trends; and Houstoun,M.,R.Kramer, and J.Barre tt.1984. Female Predominance in immigration to the United States Since 1930: A first look. Special issue: Women in Migration. Iternational Migration Review 18(4): 908.
[20].国务院研究室课题组.中国农民工调研报告—中国农民工问题研究总报告.北京:中国言实出版社,3-4.
[21].胡俊峰,侯培森.当代健康教育与健康促进.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005:35~36.
[22].Louis G. Pol, Richard K. Thomas(美)著.陈功,庞丽华等译.宋新明,郑晓瑛审校.健康人口学.北京:北京大学出版社,2005:117,301.
[23].周颜玲.社会性别研究选译—有关妇女、性和社会性别的话语.北京:三联书店,1998.
[24].苏红.多重视角下的社会性别观.上海:上海大学出版社,2004:35~36.
[25].杜荣芳.从社会性别视角看农村“留守妻子”现象.农村经济,2007,6:117~119.
[26].杨慧.男女平等的不同认识及其成因剖析—从社会性别理论视角.安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2005,29(5):140~143.
[27].于长春,贺佳,范思昌等.数据挖掘技术在医学领域中的应用.第二军医大学学报,2003,24(11):1250~1252.
[28].黄高明.数据挖掘及其在医疗卫生领域中的应用.广西医学,2006,28(2):161~164.
[29].徐刚,袁兆康.数据挖掘及其在医学领域中的应用和展望.实用临床医学,2006,7卷(11):196~198.
[30].徐蕾,贺佳,孟虹等.决策树技术及其在医学中的应用.数理医药学杂志,2004,17(2):161~162.
[31].梁华金,申深,陈海雯.基于决策树的选案分析模型设计.现代计算机,2002,6(141):21~23.
[32].中国人民大学统计学系数据挖掘中心.数据挖掘中的决策树技术及其应用.统计与信息论坛,2002,17(52):4~10.
[33].Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber. DATA MINING Concepts and Techniques[M].Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,2000.
[34].Kantardzic M.DATA MINING Concepts, Models, Methods and Algorithms[M].IEEE Press,2002.
[35].刘昆,刘业政.基于决策树的医疗数据分析.计算机工程,2002,28(2):41~43.
[36].Jiawei Han,Micheline Kamber.范明,孟小峰等译.数据挖掘概念与技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:188~192.
[37].数据挖掘入门基础.http://www.dmgroup.org.cn/zongshu050322/zs17.htm.
[38].Chaturvedi A, Green P E, et al. SPSS for Windows, CHAID 6.0. Journal of Marketing Research, 1995, 32(2): 245~255.
[39].石玲,王燕.婴幼儿死亡危险因素的研究—兼论CHAID方法的原理及应用.中国卫生统计.2002,1(5):283~285.
[40].张娴静,陈政,赵耐青等.上海市嘉定区农村居民就诊单位选择的影响因素分析—决策树和多分类无序反应变量的logistic回归相结合的方法.中国卫生统计,2005,22(2):80~84.
[41].张超,杨俊明,陈平雁.综合医院急诊病人满意度影响因素分析.中国医院统计2006年6月第13卷第2期:97~99
[42].刘碧瑶、沈毅、何凡、汪萍、姚炯,线外病人发生率的影响因素分析,中国卫生统计,2006,23(6):505~511.
[43].Perreault Jr W D, Barksdale Jr H C. A model-free approach for analysis of complex contingency data in survey research.. Journal of Marketing Research, 1980, 17(4): 503 ~526.
[44].刘碧瑶,沈毅,何凡等.线外病人发生率的影响因素分析.中国卫生统计,2006,23(6):505~511.
[45].Chi C F, Chen. Reanalyzing occupational fatality injuries in Taiwan with a model free approach. Safety Science, 2003, 41(8): 681~700.
[46].林震岩.多变量分析-SPSS的操作与应用.北京:北京大学出版社,2007:504~512.
[47].Greene,M.E., and A.E.Biddlecom.2000. Absent and Problematic Men: Demographic Accounts of Male Reproductive Roles. Population and Development Review 26(1): 81~115.
[48].Jacobson,J.2000. Transforming Family Planning Programmes: Towards a Framework for Advancing the Reproductive Right Agenda. Reproductive Health Matters8(15):21~32.
[49].陈新.男性生殖健康和男性参与生殖健康研究进展(一).中国生育健康杂志,2003,14(1):4~7.
[50].陈新.男性生殖健康和男性参与生殖健康研究进展(二).中国生育健康杂志,2003,14(2):78~80.
[51].中国国别性别报告.世界银行, 2002 . http://www.worldbank.org.cn/ Chinese/content/ gender-cn.pdf
[52].Focusing on gender-An assessment of gender integration in UNFPA materials,UNFPA, http://www.unfpa.org/exbrd/2006/annualsession/dpfpa-2006-5.pdf.
[53].Gender,health and development in the Americas-Basic indicators 2005,UNFPA,UNIFEM ,http://www.unifem.org/search/search.php?zoom_query=gender&zoom_per_page=10&zoom_and=1&zoom_sort=0.
[54].Taking gender equality seriously-Making progress,meeting new challenges,UNDP, http://www.undp-pogar.org/governance/publications.asp?tid=4&src=2&type=0.
[55].佟新.社会性别研究导论-两性不平等的社会机制分析.北京:北京大学出版社,2005.
[56].苏红等.多重视角下的社会性别观.上海:上海大学出版社,2004.
[57].Prof (Dr) Suneela Garg, Deptt.Of Community Medicine Maulana Azad Medical College ,New Delhi -110002. Reproductive Health Programming From Gender perspective. http://www.indmedica.com/journals/xhtml/22_Reproductive%20Health%20Programming%20From%20Gender%20perspective_garg.htm
[58].Jessika van Kammen and Nelly Oudshoorn. Gender and risk assessment in contraceptive technologies. Sociology of Health & Illness Vol. 24 No. 4 2002 ISSN 0141–9889, pp. 436~ 461.
[59].Kathryn M. Yount,Ray Langsten, and Kenneth Hill. The effect of gender preference on contraceptive use and fertility in rural egypt. Studies in Family Planning 2000;31[4]: 290~300.
[60].So′ley S. Bender and Elise Kosunen. Teenage Contraceptive Use in Iceland:A Gender Perspective, Public Health Nursing Vol. 22 No. 1, pp. 17~26.
[61].Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health andRights: A key to ending HIV/AIDS. Development, 2005, 48(4), (56–60),2005 Society for International Development 1011-6370/05, www.sidint.org/development
[62].Mary Hamra, Michael W. Ross, Mark Orrs and Angelo D’Agostino. Relationship between expressed HIV/AIDS-related stigma and HIV beliefs/knowledge and behaviour in families of HIV infected children in Kenya. Tropical Medicine and International Health, volume 11 no 4 pp 513–527 april 2006. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01583.x
[63].Sathja Thato, Denise Charron-Prochownik, Lorah D. Dorn, Susan A. Albrecht, Clement A. Stone. Predictors of Condom Use Among Adolescent Thai Vocational Students. JOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, 2003; 35:2, 157-163. ?2003 SIGMA THETA TAU INTERNATIONAL.
[64].Mary F. Cox. Racial Differences in Parenting Dimensions and Adolescent Condom Use at Sexual Debut. Public Health Nursing Vol. 23 No. 1, pp. 2~10; 0737-1209/06 Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
[65].Claire Dye, Dawn M. Upchurch. Moderating Effects of Gender on Alcohol Use: Implications for Condom Use at First Intercourse. Journal ofSchool Health d March 2006, Vol. 76, No. 3 d 2006,pp 111-116; American School Health Association.
[66].Peter Fajans; Ruth Simmons; Laura Ghiron. Helping Public Sector Health Systems Innovate: TheStrategic Approach to Strengthening Reproductive health Polices and Programs. American Journal of Public Health; Mar 2006; 96, 3; ABI/INFORM Global, pg. 435.
[67].高尔生,左霞云,沈燕等.未婚流动人口性与生殖健康知识性别差异分析.中国公共卫生,2006 ,22 (4 ):508~509.
[68].萧扬.社会性别视角下的妇女生殖健康.浙江学刊,2001,5:110~113.
[69].赵凤敏,郭素芳,王临虹等.中国农村已婚妇女社会性别意识,家庭事务决策及孕产期保健状况调查.中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(9):780~784.
[70].王英,陈澜燕,张红漫等.HIV/ AIDS流行控制中的社会性别分析.中国艾滋病性病2004 ,10 (3 ):172~174.
[71].李飏.HIV/AIDS流行进程中的社会性别问题.统计与决策,2005,5:95~97.
[72].龙秋霞.艾滋病传播与社会性别分析.学术研究,2003,11:76~79.
[73].王英,龙秋霞.艾滋病流行影响因素的社会性别分析.中国公共卫生,2004 ,20卷(9 ):1073~1074.
[74].钱鑫.社会性别视角下的女性艾滋病问题.2006,22(1):15~18.
[75].李承希,董青,赵根明等.性别因素对浦东新区流动人口性病/艾滋病KAP影响的定性研究.海峡预防医学杂志,2002,8(6):47~49.
[76].龙秋霞,王英.影响艾滋病流行因素的社会性别分析.中国医学伦理学,2004 ,17(6):56~58.
[77].楼超华,沈燕,高尔生等.不同特征未婚流动人口性相关行为的发生状况.生殖与避孕, 25(l2):738~744.
[78].鲍静.中国传统社会中性别模式的构建与认知.中国行政管理,2007,3(261):83~86.
[79].流动人口计划生育管理和服务的若干规定. http://www.gov.cn/banshi/ 2005-08/21/ content_25062.htm
[80].夏国美.边缘化现象与社会整合—城市外来未婚女性生育健康问题的调查与解析.社会文化变迁中的性别研究/徐安琪主编.上海:上海社会科学出版社,2005:253~254.
[81].A Joint Assessment of HIV/AIDS Prevention,Treatment and Care in China. State Council AIDS Working Committee Office,UN Theme Group on AIDS in China http://www. chinaids.org.cn/n435777/n443716/appendix/Joint_Assessment_EN.pdf.
[82].Making 1 billion count: investing in adolescents' health and rights. state of world population 2003,p21. http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2003/english/sources.htm.
[83].state of world population 2005:The Promise of Equality: gender Equity, Reproductive Health&the MDGs. http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2005/
[84].郑真真.育龄妇女生殖健康的社区影响因素分析.1997年全国人口与生殖健康调查论文集.北京:中国人口出版社,1999:96~105.
[85].BEEKLE A.T. & MCCABE C. (2006) Awareness and determinants of family planning practice in Jimma, Ethiopia.International Nursing Review 53, 269~276,
[86].陈旭,李雁,张传仓等.我国五城市已婚育龄妇女选择避孕措施的影响因素分析.广东医学,2004,25(12):1449~1451.
[87].黄洪琳,周丽苹.育龄妇女生殖健康状况及其影响因素分析.人口与经济,2004, 4(145):23.
[88].Aimee Afable-Munsuz; Claire D Brindis, Acculturation and the Sexual and Reproductive Health Of Latino Youth in the United States: A Literature Review. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health; Dec 2006; 38, 4; Academic Research Library pg. 208.
[89].The world Bank 2001;Smith,L.C.,and L.Haddad.2000. Explaining Child Malnutrition in Developing Countries: A Cross Country Analysis. Research report. No.111.Washington D.C.; International Food Policy Institute; and Schultz.
[90].The World Bank Annual Report 2001, p.83. http://www.worldbank.org/annualreport/ 2001/ Bank_splash12.html.
[91].Toure,Aminata.2004. Strengthening Families Through the Implementation of ICPD Programme of Action: UNFPA’s perspective. www.unicef.org/childfamilies/files/ Strengthening_Families_Through_the_Implementation_of_ICPD_PA.doc.
[92].De Bruyn,Maria,Packer.Adolescents,unwanted pregnancy and abortion policies, counselingand clinical care, Chapel Hill, NG, lpas,2004,5:l~56.
[93].Chris Magnusson, Adolescent girl’s sexual attitudes and oppositesex relations in 1970 and in 1996.Journal of adolescent health,2001, 28:242~252.
[94].Sundby J, Svane myr J, Mahre T. Avoiding unwanted pregnancy the role of communication,information and knowledge in the use of contraception among young Norwegian women.patient Education and counseling, 1999, 38:l1~19.
[95].Experiences of 100% condom use programme in selected countries of Asia. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific. 2004. ISBN 9290610921.Nlm Classification:WC 503.6. www.wpro.who.int.
[96].Deanna Kerrigan, Jonathan M.Ellen, Luis Moreno, etc. Eviromental-structural factors significantly associated with consistent condom use among female sex workers in the Dominican Republic. AIDS 2003,17:415~423.
[97].Emmanuel Lagarde, Mchel Carael, Judith R.Glynn, etc. Educational level is associated with condom use within non-spousal partnerships in four cities of sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS 2001,15:1399~1488.
[98].M L Wong, I Lubek,B C Dy, S Pen, etc. Social and behavioural factors associated with condom use among direct sex workers in Siem Reap,Cambodia. Sex. Transm.inf. 2003:79; 163~165.
[99].[99]A Ferguson, M Pere, C Morris, E Ngugi, S moses. Sxual patterning and condom use among a group of HIV vulnerable men in Thika, Kenya. Sex Tramsn infect2004;80:435~439.
[100].张建端,石淑华,刘筱娴等.流动人口已婚妇女生殖健康认知状况的调查.中国公共卫生,2001,17(1):964~966..
[101].郑立新,朱嘉铭,田佩玲等.广州外来未婚年轻女工性行为状况及影响因素.中国妇幼保健,2000,15(2):94~95.
[102].郑真真,周云,郑立新等.中国五城市外来未婚青年女工的性行为和避孕方法的使用.生殖健康要略,2001,9(5):11~19.
[103].State of world population2004: The Cairo Consensus at Ten: Population, Reproductive Health and the Global Effort to End Poverty, UNFPA ,p.36, http://www. unfpa.org/swp/ 2004/ swpmain.htm
[104].董青,李承希,赵根明等.上海浦东新区流动人口艾滋病/性传播疾病知识﹑态度及行为调查.中国健康教育,2003,19(6):409~411.
[105].李承希,董青,赵根明等.浦东新区川沙镇流动人口性病艾滋病KAP调查及影响因素分析.上海预防医学杂志,2003,15(4):171~174.
[106].钟栗,张继昌.在劳务市场流动打工人口中开展性病艾滋病健康教育研究方法探讨.预防医学情报杂志,2003,19(3):221~222..
[107].刘琪,傅小鲁,贾勇等.在成都市建筑工地流动人口中开展性病艾滋病流动宣传模式探讨.中国卫生事业管理,2003,6:364~367.
[108].傅小鲁,贾勇,欧志勇等.建筑工地流动人口预防艾滋病行为干预效果评价.现代预防医学,2001,28(4):516~518.
[109].Yangda k ,Smith SV, et al. Reproductive health and human rights. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003 Sep;82(3):275~83.
[110].The world health report 2000-Health systems: improving performance. Geneva: World health organization;2000.
[111].Galliamova IuA, Iakovleva TV. Legal protection of population's reproductive health. Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Istor Med, 2003 May-Jun;(3):22~5.
[112].贺佳,贺宪民,高尔生等.生殖健康综合评价模型的研究.中国公共卫生, 2002,21(1):33~38.
[113].贺佳,高尔生,楼超华..综合评价中权重系数及标准化方法的研究.中国公共卫生,2001,17(11):1048~1450.
[114].郑晓瑛.关于构建妇幼卫生管理评价方法的研究.中国妇幼保健,2001,16(6):333~336.
[115].陈晓剑,梁梁.系统评价方法及其应用.北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,1993.
[1]叶文振.女性学导论.厦门:厦门大学出版社,2006.
[2] (美)谢弗(Shaffer,D.R.)著.邹泓等译.发展心理学:儿童与青少年.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2005.
[3]萧扬.社会性别视角下的妇女生殖健康.浙江学刊,2005,5:110~113.
[4]冯玉丽.人口生育政策的社会性别分析.甘肃社会科学,2007,3:22~23.
[5] The Promise of Equality: gender Equity, Reproductive Health and the MDGs. state of world population 2005. http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2005/.
[6]中国防治艾滋病工作委员会办公室,联合国中国艾滋病专题组.2004年中国艾滋病防治联合评估报告.2004.
[7]杜洁.社会性别与艾滋病.艾滋病防治:人文一社会科学研究.清华大学AIDS与SAPS国际论坛,2003.
[8]王金玲.社会性别视角下的艾滋病与女性亚文化群体.第一届中国艾滋病性病防治大会论文集.2001.
[9]潘绥铭..艾滋病研究给社会学提出的新问题.社会学研究,2001: 39~43.
[10]张北川.中国大陆男同性性接触者的艾滋病高危行为及影响因素研究(一) .中国艾滋病性病,2001,7(1):7~10.
[11]龙秋霞.妇女易感艾滋病的社会文化原因探析及对策建议—基于广东的调查.妇女研究论丛,2006,1(70):20~25.
[12]李飏.H IV/AI DS流行进程中的社会性别问题.统计与决策2005,5:95~97.
[13]刘伯红,李亚妮.对艾滋病的社会性别分析—读《红丝带的思索》.妇女研究论丛,2005,1(63):68~72.
[14]夏国美,杨秀石.社会性别、人口流动与艾滋病风险.中国社会科学,2006,6:88~99.
[15]张开宁,朱兆芳.在艾滋项目中融入社会性别视角.妇女研究论从,2005,6(68):30~33.
[16]潘橱,高源,杨洋等.社会性别与大学生艾滋病健康教育.现代预防医学,2007,34(7):1330~1332.
[17]靳薇.社会性别视角与艾滋病防治.科学社会主义,2007,1:120~123.
[18]肖扬.对人口和生殖健康领域的社会性别意识调查与思考.人口学刊,2007,5(165),60~64.
[19]赵风敏,郭素芳,王临虹等.中国农村已婚妇女社会性别意识、家庭事务决策及孕产期保健状况调查.中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(9):780~784
[20]王曲娜.男女平等基本国策及性别意识调查问卷分析与思考.鞍山社会科学,2006,1:13-15.
[21]张河川.未婚青年社会性别意识生殖健康的相关研究.人口与计划生育,2005,3:31~33.
[22]吕红平.社会性别视角下的出生婴儿性别比偏高问题分析.甘肃社会科学,2007,3:17~19.
[23]邱红.农村出生性别比失衡的社会性别分析.人口学刊,2007,5(165):15~18.
[24]卫生部妇幼保健与社区卫生司,中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心.母婴保健中的社会性别平等相关问题的调查报告—生殖健康应用性研究课题报告集—中国联合国人口基金生殖健康/计划生育第五周期项目,2006.
[25]袁彦玲,叶汉风,童吉渝等.在妇女生殖道感染防治中引入社会性别视角的实践和思考.中国计划生育学杂志,2007,1(135):29~31.
[26] Heise,L.,M. Ellsberg, and M.Gottemoeller,1999.”Ending violence against women.”Population reports series L.No.11.Baltimore,Maryland:Population Information Program,Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health.
[27] UN Millennium Project 2005a,pp.15 and 110.
[28] Various country studies cited in:Best, K.2000.”Many Young Face Grim STD Risks.”Network 20(3):4-9
[29] Dreyer,A.,J.Kim,and N.Schaay.2002.”Violence against Women:What Do We Want to Teach Our Teachers?”ID21 Research Highlight.Brighten, United Kingdom:ID21 Research Development.Web Site: www.id21.org/Education/Egvedreyer.html.
[30]吴久玲,王临虹,赵更力等.性暴力与生殖健康研究.中国妇幼保健,2006,21:967~970.