两种鳞翅目昆虫信息物质的研究
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摘要
本论文共分为两部分:1 沙棘木蠹蛾性信息素的结构鉴定:2 棉铃虫植物源信息素的研究。
利用气相色谱、气-质联用及微化学DMDS衍生化法,鉴定了沙棘木蠹蛾Holcocerus hippophaecolus Hua雌蛾性腺中含有的7个组分:E3-14:AC:Z3-14:AC:Z7-14:AC:E9-14:AC:E3-14:OH:Z3-14:OH和Z7-14:OH。触角电位实验结果表明,沙棘木蠹蛾雄蛾对Z7-14:AC的EAG反应值最大,E3-14:AC次之。在野外实验中,单独的Z7-14:AC或E3-14:AC均无诱蛾效果,而Z7-14:AC和E3-14:AC以1:1的比例混合,则有显著的诱蛾活性。因此可以判断,Z7-14:AC和E3-14:AC是沙棘木蠹蛾雌蛾性信息素的主要成分。
在棉铃虫植物源信息素的研究中,利用触角电位技术(EAG)研究棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera对17种植物气味物质的嗅觉反应,实验结果表明:棉铃虫雄蛾、雌蛾对所试各种植物气味物质均无明显的嗅觉反应差异,不同种类的气味物质能引起不同的EAG反应。又对其中的几种植物气味物质进行了产卵实验及田间诱蛾实验,结果表明:某些寄主植物的挥发性次生物质显示出较好的引诱产卵活性,且对棉铃虫性诱剂具有增效和协同的作用。田间实验数据显示:增加了植物气味物质的棉铃虫性诱剂与单一的棉铃虫性诱剂相比差异显著(P=0.01)。并测定了棉铃虫处女蛾和交配蛾对小麦花中单一或多个挥发性物质的EAG反应,在单组分或多组分的测定中,棉铃虫处女蛾和交配蛾在P<0.05水平上并不存在显著性差异。但在混合的绿叶气味物质中加入含量为1×10~(-5)～5×10~(-5)(体积比)的正庚醛时,交配蛾对混合物的触角电位反应显著高于处女蛾对其的反应(P<0.05)。
The objective of this thesis is divided into two parts: one is the identification of sex pheromone of the carpenterworm moth, Holcocerus hippophaecolus Hua, the other is to study on semiochemicals of Helicoverpa. Armigera from its host origin.Gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and derivatization with dimethyl disulfide were used to identify chemicals from the female sex pheromone gland of the carpenterworm moth, Holcocerus hippophaecolus Hua, a pest of sandthorn, Hippophae rhamnoides L. Total seven chemicals were found as sex pheromone. they were (￡)-3-tetradecenyl acetate (E3-14:Ac), (Z)-3-tetradecenyl acetate (Z3-14:Ac), (Z)-7-tetradecenyl acetate (Z7-14:Ac), the corresponding alcohols, E3-14:OH, Z3-14:OH, Z7-14:OH, and (￡)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (E9-14:Ac). Electroantennographic (EAG) analysis of the gland chemicals and their analogs demonstrated mat Z7-14:Ac elicited the largest response, followed by E3-14:Ac. In field trials, traps baited with either Z7-14:Ac or E3-14:Ac alone caught no male moths, while the combination of these two components in a ratio of 1:1 caught significantly more males than other ratio and control traps. Addition of the alcohols, Z7-14.OH and Z3-14:OH or the alcohols plus E9-14:Ac did not significantly enhance male catches in the field. We conclude that the sex pheromone of H, hippophaecolus is composed of a (1:1) blend of Z7-14:Ac and E3-14:Ac. Pheromone-baited traps could be used to monitor populations of H. hippophaecolus, serving a role in an integrated pest management program for sandthorn in China.The EAG responses of the female and male adults of H.armigera to a range of host-plant volatile components were examined. The results showed that the antennae of both male and female moths could response to a wide variety of host-plant volatile components. There were no significantly different responses between the female and male moth antennae. The oviposition tests showed that the presence of some host-plant volatile components greatly increased the attractiveness for oviposition, The field tests showed the attractiveness of sex pheromone plus host-plant volatile component was significantly higher than that of sex pheromone alone. In this thesis, the EAG responses of female Helicoverpa armigera (HUbner) to the single or mixture of volatile component of the wheat blossom were examined. For single compound or mixture compounds, there were no significant different between EAG responses of virgin females and mated females (P<0.05). But, when Heptanal, with the consistency of 1 X 10"5 -5X 10~5(V/V), add to the mixture of green-leaf volatile compounds, the antenna of mated female of cotton bollworm strongly responded to the mixture of compounds with significent different as compounds to that the virgin female (P<0.05).
利用气相色谱、气-质联用及微化学DMDS衍生化法,鉴定了沙棘木蠹蛾Holcocerus hippophaecolus Hua雌蛾性腺中含有的7个组分:E3-14:AC:Z3-14:AC:Z7-14:AC:E9-14:AC:E3-14:OH:Z3-14:OH和Z7-14:OH。触角电位实验结果表明,沙棘木蠹蛾雄蛾对Z7-14:AC的EAG反应值最大,E3-14:AC次之。在野外实验中,单独的Z7-14:AC或E3-14:AC均无诱蛾效果,而Z7-14:AC和E3-14:AC以1:1的比例混合,则有显著的诱蛾活性。因此可以判断,Z7-14:AC和E3-14:AC是沙棘木蠹蛾雌蛾性信息素的主要成分。
在棉铃虫植物源信息素的研究中,利用触角电位技术(EAG)研究棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera对17种植物气味物质的嗅觉反应,实验结果表明:棉铃虫雄蛾、雌蛾对所试各种植物气味物质均无明显的嗅觉反应差异,不同种类的气味物质能引起不同的EAG反应。又对其中的几种植物气味物质进行了产卵实验及田间诱蛾实验,结果表明:某些寄主植物的挥发性次生物质显示出较好的引诱产卵活性,且对棉铃虫性诱剂具有增效和协同的作用。田间实验数据显示:增加了植物气味物质的棉铃虫性诱剂与单一的棉铃虫性诱剂相比差异显著(P=0.01)。并测定了棉铃虫处女蛾和交配蛾对小麦花中单一或多个挥发性物质的EAG反应,在单组分或多组分的测定中,棉铃虫处女蛾和交配蛾在P<0.05水平上并不存在显著性差异。但在混合的绿叶气味物质中加入含量为1×10~(-5)～5×10~(-5)(体积比)的正庚醛时,交配蛾对混合物的触角电位反应显著高于处女蛾对其的反应(P<0.05)。
The objective of this thesis is divided into two parts: one is the identification of sex pheromone of the carpenterworm moth, Holcocerus hippophaecolus Hua, the other is to study on semiochemicals of Helicoverpa. Armigera from its host origin.Gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and derivatization with dimethyl disulfide were used to identify chemicals from the female sex pheromone gland of the carpenterworm moth, Holcocerus hippophaecolus Hua, a pest of sandthorn, Hippophae rhamnoides L. Total seven chemicals were found as sex pheromone. they were (￡)-3-tetradecenyl acetate (E3-14:Ac), (Z)-3-tetradecenyl acetate (Z3-14:Ac), (Z)-7-tetradecenyl acetate (Z7-14:Ac), the corresponding alcohols, E3-14:OH, Z3-14:OH, Z7-14:OH, and (￡)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (E9-14:Ac). Electroantennographic (EAG) analysis of the gland chemicals and their analogs demonstrated mat Z7-14:Ac elicited the largest response, followed by E3-14:Ac. In field trials, traps baited with either Z7-14:Ac or E3-14:Ac alone caught no male moths, while the combination of these two components in a ratio of 1:1 caught significantly more males than other ratio and control traps. Addition of the alcohols, Z7-14.OH and Z3-14:OH or the alcohols plus E9-14:Ac did not significantly enhance male catches in the field. We conclude that the sex pheromone of H, hippophaecolus is composed of a (1:1) blend of Z7-14:Ac and E3-14:Ac. Pheromone-baited traps could be used to monitor populations of H. hippophaecolus, serving a role in an integrated pest management program for sandthorn in China.The EAG responses of the female and male adults of H.armigera to a range of host-plant volatile components were examined. The results showed that the antennae of both male and female moths could response to a wide variety of host-plant volatile components. There were no significantly different responses between the female and male moth antennae. The oviposition tests showed that the presence of some host-plant volatile components greatly increased the attractiveness for oviposition, The field tests showed the attractiveness of sex pheromone plus host-plant volatile component was significantly higher than that of sex pheromone alone. In this thesis, the EAG responses of female Helicoverpa armigera (HUbner) to the single or mixture of volatile component of the wheat blossom were examined. For single compound or mixture compounds, there were no significant different between EAG responses of virgin females and mated females (P<0.05). But, when Heptanal, with the consistency of 1 X 10"5 -5X 10~5(V/V), add to the mixture of green-leaf volatile compounds, the antenna of mated female of cotton bollworm strongly responded to the mixture of compounds with significent different as compounds to that the virgin female (P<0.05).
引文
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