基于改进禁忌搜索算法的两相电机设计及变频电源的研制
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摘要
本文研究的是一种全局智能优化算法—禁忌搜索优化算法，并用于两相永磁同步电动机，同时还设计了一台性能优良、可靠的两相变频电源，在此基础上进行了实验。此外还对电机的动态性能进行了仿真。本课题是来源于德国埃斯林根工业大学的项目，同时又是辽宁省教委资助项目。研究内容主要包括以下三部分：
首先：重点研究了适于解决工程实际优化问题的全局智能禁忌搜索算法及其在两相永磁同步电动机的应用。对算法的收敛性和收敛速度的参数进行了研究，并对算法进行了改进，保证了算法的有效可行性，并用实验模型进行了验证。然后将模糊优化与禁忌搜索算法相结合，建立了综合满意度模糊隶属度函数，将模糊优化应用于两相永磁同步电动机。
其次：设计了一台性能优良、可靠的变频电源。运用了SPWM脉宽调制原理，合理地设计了电路图，并且对波形进行了有效的存储分析，确保了输出波形的精确性和实用性，提出了保证变频电源的有效运行的合理、实用的实施措施。绘制了其电路图，定制出了电路板，并调试了此电路板，实验证明此变频电源性能良好，运行稳定可靠，对提高电动机的运行性能和生产效率起到较好的作用。
最后：目前计算机数字仿真技术已成为研究永磁同步电动机动态性能的有效方法，因此本文还分析了两相永磁同步电动机的运行原理，建立了两相永磁同步电动机的数学模型，对电机的动态性能进行了仿真。
In this thesis a modern global algorithm, Tabu algorithm, is presented in this thesis. It is an intelligent optimization and extends the local optimization. A Two-Phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is optimized by improved Tabu algorithm. A Two-Phase inverter is researched and manufactured. Then some experiments is done based on this inverter. The performance of the Two-Phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is simulated. It is an subject performed by Esslingen University of Technology in Germany and is supported by the Education Department of Liaoning province. Three parts are included.
First of all, Tabu algorithm is studied, and then it is improved. In traditional motor optimization variables and object function are certain but sometime they are uncertain and fuzzy. Due to the complication of motor parameters fuzzy optimization is implemented. The combination of Tabu algorithm and fuzzy optimization is successfully applied to the motor optimization and the availability is proved by the optimized result.
Secondly, a new special inverter that is reliable and well performance is designed to power the motor. SPWM theory is applied and the circuit is well designed. The sin wave is stored in EPROM, which is contributed to good performance of the power. The circuit is debugged well. Its good and reliable performance is supported by experiments.
Finally, Simulation technology well contributes to designing and optimizing the performance of permanent magnet motor. The operation theory of the motor is well studied and its mathematic model is established. The capability of the motor is validated by simulation technology in this thesis.
首先：重点研究了适于解决工程实际优化问题的全局智能禁忌搜索算法及其在两相永磁同步电动机的应用。对算法的收敛性和收敛速度的参数进行了研究，并对算法进行了改进，保证了算法的有效可行性，并用实验模型进行了验证。然后将模糊优化与禁忌搜索算法相结合，建立了综合满意度模糊隶属度函数，将模糊优化应用于两相永磁同步电动机。
其次：设计了一台性能优良、可靠的变频电源。运用了SPWM脉宽调制原理，合理地设计了电路图，并且对波形进行了有效的存储分析，确保了输出波形的精确性和实用性，提出了保证变频电源的有效运行的合理、实用的实施措施。绘制了其电路图，定制出了电路板，并调试了此电路板，实验证明此变频电源性能良好，运行稳定可靠，对提高电动机的运行性能和生产效率起到较好的作用。
最后：目前计算机数字仿真技术已成为研究永磁同步电动机动态性能的有效方法，因此本文还分析了两相永磁同步电动机的运行原理，建立了两相永磁同步电动机的数学模型，对电机的动态性能进行了仿真。
In this thesis a modern global algorithm, Tabu algorithm, is presented in this thesis. It is an intelligent optimization and extends the local optimization. A Two-Phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is optimized by improved Tabu algorithm. A Two-Phase inverter is researched and manufactured. Then some experiments is done based on this inverter. The performance of the Two-Phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is simulated. It is an subject performed by Esslingen University of Technology in Germany and is supported by the Education Department of Liaoning province. Three parts are included.
First of all, Tabu algorithm is studied, and then it is improved. In traditional motor optimization variables and object function are certain but sometime they are uncertain and fuzzy. Due to the complication of motor parameters fuzzy optimization is implemented. The combination of Tabu algorithm and fuzzy optimization is successfully applied to the motor optimization and the availability is proved by the optimized result.
Secondly, a new special inverter that is reliable and well performance is designed to power the motor. SPWM theory is applied and the circuit is well designed. The sin wave is stored in EPROM, which is contributed to good performance of the power. The circuit is debugged well. Its good and reliable performance is supported by experiments.
Finally, Simulation technology well contributes to designing and optimizing the performance of permanent magnet motor. The operation theory of the motor is well studied and its mathematic model is established. The capability of the motor is validated by simulation technology in this thesis.
引文
[1] Yue Li etc. A Novel Two-Phase BMP Drive System with High Power Desity and Low Cost. IEEE Trans. on Industry Application. Vol.34, No.5, SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 1998: 1072～1073
[2] M.Azizur Rahman, Ping Zhou. Advances in Permanent Magnet Electrical Machine: A Review. Hangzhou, CICEM'95, China: 336～373
[3] 韩英桃，吴斌．两相异步电动机变频调速装置．微特电机．1996(4)：26
[4] 俞鑫昌编著．电机、电器优化设计．北京：机械工业出版社．1988
[5] Glover. F. Future Paths for Integer Programming and Links to Artificial Intelligence. Come. Operations Res., 1986(13): 533～546
[6] Hu N.. TABU Search Method with Random Moves for Globally Optimal Design. Int. J. num. Math. Eng., 1992(35): 262～280
[7] 汤蕴璎等 合编．电机学．西安：西安交通大学出版社．1993
[8] 邢文训，谢金星编著．现代优化计算方法．北京：清华大学出版社．1999
[9] 李志民，张遇杰编著．同步电动机调速系统．机械工业出版社．2001
[10] 王凌．智能优化算法及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社．2001
[11] 郭庆鼎，王成元编著．交流伺服系统．北京：机械工业出版社．1994
[12] 王秀和，唐任远．Tabu算法在永磁起动机电磁场逆问题中的应用．电机与控制学报．Vol．2，1998(4)：225～228
[13] 郭振宏．宽恒功率调速范围主轴永磁同步电动机及其传动系统的研究．沈阳工业大学博士学位论文．1999
[14] Miller THE. Single-phase Permanent-magnet Motor Analysis. Trans. IEEE, 1985(4), IA-21
[15] 谢卫．稀土永磁同步电动机优化设计—改进乘子法．微特电机．1995(5)：13～18
[16] Koichi. Nara. Implementation of Genetic Algorithm for Distribution Systems Loss Minimum Re-Configuration. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems. Vol.7,No.3,August 1992: 1044～1051
[17] J.V.Ranito. Genetic Algorithms in Optimal Multistage Distribution Network Planning. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems. Vol.9,No.4,November 1994:1927～1933
[18] G.Fuat Uler. Utilizing Genetic Algorthms for the Optimal Design of Electromagnetic Devices. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics. Vol.30, No.6,November 1994
[19] 曹云东．高压SF_6断路器介质恢复特性的计算与分析．沈阳工业大学博士学位论文．2001
[20] French S. Uncertainty and Imprecision: Modeling and Analysis. Journal of Operations Research Society. Vol.46, 1995(1): 70-79
[21] Zimmermann HJ. Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications. 2nd ed.Hinghum: Kluwer Nijhoff, 1985
[22] M.A.Rahman, T.A.Little. Dynamic Performance Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors. IEEE Trans. Power App.Syst., Vol. PAS-103,No.3, Mag/June, 1974: 391～402
[23] A.Consoli, A.Abela. Transient Performance of Permanent Magnet AC Motor Drivers. IEEE Trans. Ind.Appl., Vol.IA-22,No. 1, Jan/Feb. 1986:32-41
[24] V.B.Honsinger. Permanent Magnet Machines: Asynchronous Operation. IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., Vol.PAS-99,No.4, June/Aus. 1980:1503～1509
[25] P.Pillay, R.Krishnan. Modeling, Simulation and Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Drivers. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol.25, No.2, March/April 1989:265-273
[26] 谢军．稀土永磁电动机计算机辅助设计的优化．微电机．1992(2)：3～6
[27] 陈义成等．稀土永磁同步发电机的优化设计．稀土永磁电机论文集．沈阳工业大学特种电机研究所．1986(6)：100～103
[28] 王宇波等．SPWM交-交变频器．电气传动自动化．Vol．24，No．1，2002(11)：15
[29] 汪培庄，李洪兴著．模糊系统理论与模糊计算机．北京：科学出版社．1996
[30] 孙昌志等编著．钕铁硼永磁电机．沈阳：辽宁科学技术出版社．1996
[31] 张宜华编写．精通MATLAB5．北京：清华大学出版社．1999
[32] 陈义成等．几种最优化方法在稀土永磁同步电机设计中的应用和比较．大电动机．1992(6)：19
[33] 王凤翔．交流电机的非正弦供电．北京：机械工业出版社．1997
[34] Bell man R E and Zadeh L A. Decision Making in a Fuzzy Enviromnet, Management Science. 1970, 17(B): 141～164
[35] 唐任远等著．现代永磁电机理论与设计．北京：机械工业出版社．1997
[36] 陈伯时．电力拖动自动控制系统．北京：机械工业出版社．1991
[37] 弥丽娜．中频纺织电机的模糊优化及其变频电源的设计．沈阳工业大学硕士论文．2000
[38] 王成元等编著．矢量控制交流伺服驱动电动机．北京：机械工业出版社．1995
[39] Longya Xu, et al.. A New Design Concept of Permanent Magnet Machine for Flux Weakening Operation. IEEE Trans. on Industry Appl.. Vol.31,1995(2):375-378
[40] 欧阳黎明编著．MATLAB控制系统设计．北京：国防工业出版社．2001
[41] 徐金梧等编．TURBO C实用大全．北京：机械工业出版社．1996
[42] 谭浩强编著．C程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社．1991
[43] 唐加福，汪定伟．模糊优化理论与方法的研究综述．控制理论与应用．Vol．17 2000(4)：159
[2] M.Azizur Rahman, Ping Zhou. Advances in Permanent Magnet Electrical Machine: A Review. Hangzhou, CICEM'95, China: 336～373
[3] 韩英桃，吴斌．两相异步电动机变频调速装置．微特电机．1996(4)：26
[4] 俞鑫昌编著．电机、电器优化设计．北京：机械工业出版社．1988
[5] Glover. F. Future Paths for Integer Programming and Links to Artificial Intelligence. Come. Operations Res., 1986(13): 533～546
[6] Hu N.. TABU Search Method with Random Moves for Globally Optimal Design. Int. J. num. Math. Eng., 1992(35): 262～280
[7] 汤蕴璎等 合编．电机学．西安：西安交通大学出版社．1993
[8] 邢文训，谢金星编著．现代优化计算方法．北京：清华大学出版社．1999
[9] 李志民，张遇杰编著．同步电动机调速系统．机械工业出版社．2001
[10] 王凌．智能优化算法及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社．2001
[11] 郭庆鼎，王成元编著．交流伺服系统．北京：机械工业出版社．1994
[12] 王秀和，唐任远．Tabu算法在永磁起动机电磁场逆问题中的应用．电机与控制学报．Vol．2，1998(4)：225～228
[13] 郭振宏．宽恒功率调速范围主轴永磁同步电动机及其传动系统的研究．沈阳工业大学博士学位论文．1999
[14] Miller THE. Single-phase Permanent-magnet Motor Analysis. Trans. IEEE, 1985(4), IA-21
[15] 谢卫．稀土永磁同步电动机优化设计—改进乘子法．微特电机．1995(5)：13～18
[16] Koichi. Nara. Implementation of Genetic Algorithm for Distribution Systems Loss Minimum Re-Configuration. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems. Vol.7,No.3,August 1992: 1044～1051
[17] J.V.Ranito. Genetic Algorithms in Optimal Multistage Distribution Network Planning. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems. Vol.9,No.4,November 1994:1927～1933
[18] G.Fuat Uler. Utilizing Genetic Algorthms for the Optimal Design of Electromagnetic Devices. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics. Vol.30, No.6,November 1994
[19] 曹云东．高压SF_6断路器介质恢复特性的计算与分析．沈阳工业大学博士学位论文．2001
[20] French S. Uncertainty and Imprecision: Modeling and Analysis. Journal of Operations Research Society. Vol.46, 1995(1): 70-79
[21] Zimmermann HJ. Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications. 2nd ed.Hinghum: Kluwer Nijhoff, 1985
[22] M.A.Rahman, T.A.Little. Dynamic Performance Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors. IEEE Trans. Power App.Syst., Vol. PAS-103,No.3, Mag/June, 1974: 391～402
[23] A.Consoli, A.Abela. Transient Performance of Permanent Magnet AC Motor Drivers. IEEE Trans. Ind.Appl., Vol.IA-22,No. 1, Jan/Feb. 1986:32-41
[24] V.B.Honsinger. Permanent Magnet Machines: Asynchronous Operation. IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., Vol.PAS-99,No.4, June/Aus. 1980:1503～1509
[25] P.Pillay, R.Krishnan. Modeling, Simulation and Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Drivers. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol.25, No.2, March/April 1989:265-273
[26] 谢军．稀土永磁电动机计算机辅助设计的优化．微电机．1992(2)：3～6
[27] 陈义成等．稀土永磁同步发电机的优化设计．稀土永磁电机论文集．沈阳工业大学特种电机研究所．1986(6)：100～103
[28] 王宇波等．SPWM交-交变频器．电气传动自动化．Vol．24，No．1，2002(11)：15
[29] 汪培庄，李洪兴著．模糊系统理论与模糊计算机．北京：科学出版社．1996
[30] 孙昌志等编著．钕铁硼永磁电机．沈阳：辽宁科学技术出版社．1996
[31] 张宜华编写．精通MATLAB5．北京：清华大学出版社．1999
[32] 陈义成等．几种最优化方法在稀土永磁同步电机设计中的应用和比较．大电动机．1992(6)：19
[33] 王凤翔．交流电机的非正弦供电．北京：机械工业出版社．1997
[34] Bell man R E and Zadeh L A. Decision Making in a Fuzzy Enviromnet, Management Science. 1970, 17(B): 141～164
[35] 唐任远等著．现代永磁电机理论与设计．北京：机械工业出版社．1997
[36] 陈伯时．电力拖动自动控制系统．北京：机械工业出版社．1991
[37] 弥丽娜．中频纺织电机的模糊优化及其变频电源的设计．沈阳工业大学硕士论文．2000
[38] 王成元等编著．矢量控制交流伺服驱动电动机．北京：机械工业出版社．1995
[39] Longya Xu, et al.. A New Design Concept of Permanent Magnet Machine for Flux Weakening Operation. IEEE Trans. on Industry Appl.. Vol.31,1995(2):375-378
[40] 欧阳黎明编著．MATLAB控制系统设计．北京：国防工业出版社．2001
[41] 徐金梧等编．TURBO C实用大全．北京：机械工业出版社．1996
[42] 谭浩强编著．C程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社．1991
[43] 唐加福，汪定伟．模糊优化理论与方法的研究综述．控制理论与应用．Vol．17 2000(4)：159