变速恒频风电机组建模与实时仿真研究
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摘要
风力发电是最有发展前途的可再生能源形式之一,对于节约能源、保护环境和促进可持续发展具有重要作用。变速恒频风力发电仿真建模是目前国内研究的热点,也是本文研究的主要内容。本文首先介绍变速恒频双馈风电机组的基本结构和主要部件,说明了变速双馈风电机组实现变速恒频运行的工作原理;然后分析风电机组数学模型,主要包括风速模型、风轮模型、传动链模型、双馈电机模型、变流器模型;利用矢量控制方法得到定子磁链定向下的双馈电机矢量控制方程,并构建了双馈电机发电和并网矢量控制框图;最后在STAR-90仿真支撑平台中建立风电机组及电网仿真模型并进行仿真,从仿真角度验证本文理论分析和控制方法的正确性和有效性。
Wind power is the most promising form of renewable energy, which has an important role for energy conservation, environmental protection and promoting sustainable development. VSCF(variable speed constant frequency) wind power generation Simulation Modeling is the main direction at home, is the main contents of this paper. This paper introduces the double-fed VSCF wind turbine's basic structure and major components, and illustrates working principle of the double-fed variable speed wind turbine. Then analyzes the mathematical model of wind turbine, include wind speed model, wind wheel model, the drive train model, doubly-fed induction generator model and the converter model. This paper obtains doubly-fed generator equation under the stator flux oriented vector control by vector control, and constructs vector control block diagram of doubly-fed generator power generation and grid. Finally, wind turbines and power simulation model was established on STAR-90 simulation supporting platform and simulated. it is proved the correctness and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis and control methods from the simulation point of view.
Wind power is the most promising form of renewable energy, which has an important role for energy conservation, environmental protection and promoting sustainable development. VSCF(variable speed constant frequency) wind power generation Simulation Modeling is the main direction at home, is the main contents of this paper. This paper introduces the double-fed VSCF wind turbine's basic structure and major components, and illustrates working principle of the double-fed variable speed wind turbine. Then analyzes the mathematical model of wind turbine, include wind speed model, wind wheel model, the drive train model, doubly-fed induction generator model and the converter model. This paper obtains doubly-fed generator equation under the stator flux oriented vector control by vector control, and constructs vector control block diagram of doubly-fed generator power generation and grid. Finally, wind turbines and power simulation model was established on STAR-90 simulation supporting platform and simulated. it is proved the correctness and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis and control methods from the simulation point of view.
引文
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[2]能源领域组.能源领域科技发展“十五规划”和2015年远景研究[Z]. 1999
[3]王承煦,张源.风力发电[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2002: 131-143
[4]叶杭冶.风力发电机组的控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2002: 25-30
[5]施鹏飞.从世界发展趋势展望我国风力发电前景[J].中国电力. 2003, 36(9): 54-62.
[6]Grainger B, Thorogood T. Beyond the harbour wall offshore wind farm[J]. IEE Review, 2001, 47(2): 13-17
[7]张新房,徐大平,吕跃刚,柳亦兵.风力发电技术的发展及若干问题[J].现代电力. 2003, 20(5): 29-34
[8]Muller, S, Deicke, M., De Doncker R.W. Doubly Fed Induction Generator Systems for Wind Turbines[J]. Industry Applications Magazine. IEEE, 2002, 8(3): 26-33
[9]J.Jaydev. Harnessing the wind[J]. IEEE Spectrum, 1995: 78-83
[10]J.Gslootweg, S.W.H.d.Haan, H.Polinder, W.L.Kfng. General model for representing variable speed wind turbines in power system dynamics simulations[J]. IEEE Trans on Power System, 2003, 18(1): 144-151
[11]Tapia A, Tapia G, Ostolaza X, Fernandez E. Saenz J R. Modeling and Dynamic Regulation of a Wind Farm[C]. Power Electronics Congress, 2000. CIEP 2000.VII IEEE International, 2000: 293-297
[12]Anca D.Hansen1, Poul Srensen1. Dynamic modelling of wind farm grid interaction[J]. Wind Engineering, 2002, 26(4): 191-208
[13]李晶,宋家骅,王伟胜.大型变速恒频风力发电机组建模与仿真[J].中国电机工程学报. 2004, 24(6): 100-105
[14]赵栋利,郭金东,许洪华.变速恒频双馈风力发电机有功、无功解耦控制研究与实现[J].太阳能学报. 2006, 27(2): 282-586
[15]陆城,许洪华.风力发电用双馈感应发电机控制策略的研究[J].太阳能学报. 2004, 25(5): 606-611
[16]林成武,王凤翔,姚兴佳.变速恒频双馈风力发电机励磁控制技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2003, 23(11): 122-125
[17]易军,王红蕾.高功率因数PWM变流器仿真研究[J].贵州工业大学学报. 2002, 31(3): 15-19
[18]高小法.国内风力发电的现状和前景[J].新能源及工艺. 2004, (4): 19-22
[19]世界风能协会. 2005年全球风能统计[C].中国风能. 2006(1): 17～20
[20]张照彦,邓冠宇,王兴武等.基于STAR-90仿真平台的变速恒频风电机组有功无功控制分析[J].电力科学与工程. 2008, 24(8): 9-13
[21]张照彦,李长青,王兴武.变速恒频风力发电系统的有功无功控制分析[C].系统仿真技术及其应用, 2008, 10: 662-666
[22]李长青,丁立新,关哲等.仿真技术在风力发电系统中的应用[J].电力科学与工程. 2008, 24(8): 5-8
[23]陈学顺.新型变速恒频风力发电系统运行方式研究[D].北京:中国科学院电工研究所, 2003
[24]卞松江.变速恒频风力发电关键技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2003
[25]卞送江,吕晓美.交流励磁变速恒频风力发电系统控制策略的仿真研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2005, 25(16): 57-62
[26]刘其辉.变速恒频风力发电系统运行与控制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2005
[27]Fengxing Wang, Longya Xu et al. Achopping and Doubly-fed Adjustable Speed System Without Bi-directional Converter[J]. PowerCon, 2002, 3: 2393-2397
[28]A. M Oliveira, P. Kuo-Peng, etc. Finite-Element Analysis of a Doubly-Winding Induction Motor with a Special Bars Topology[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, 2004, 40(2): 957-960
[29]J.G. Slootweg, H. Polinder, and W.L. Kling. Dynamic Modeling of a Wind Turbine with Doubly Fed Induction Generator[C]. IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, 2001, 1(7): 644-649
[30]张新房,徐大平,柳亦兵.定桨距变速风力发电机组的控制策略研究[J].华北电力大学学报. 2004, 31(5): 37-43
[31]徐大平,卢洪峰,吕跃刚.级联式无刷双馈电机基本原理探讨[J].电机与控制应用. 2006, 33(11): 3-5
[32] Ma Hui, Liu Jin-Fang, Liu Bing-Shuai. Improved triangle-wave pulse width modulation current control method for active power filter[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2004, 21(3): 30-33
[33]R.Karki, P.Hu, and R. Billintion. A simplified wind power generation model for reliablility evaluation[J]. IEEE Trans.Energy Conversion, 2006, 21(6): 533-540
[34]A.G. Abo-Khalil,and D.Lee. Dynamic modeling and control of wind turbines for grid-connected wiind generation system[C]. In Proc.of IEEE PESC, Jeju Korea ,2006, 6: 2755-2760
[35]A.E.Feijoo, J. Cidras, and J.L.G. Domelas. Wind speed simulation in wind farms for steady-state security assessment of electrical powwer systems[J]. IEEE Trans Energy Conversion, 1999, 14(12): 1582-1588
[36]I.Abouzahr,and r.Ramakumar. An approach to assess the performance of utility-interactive wind electrc conversion systems[J]. IEEE Trans Energy Conversion, 1991, 6(12): 627-636
[37]李自应,工明,陈二永,顾本文.云南风能可开发地区风速的韦布尔分布参数及风能特征值研究[J].太阳能学报. 1998(3): 248-253
[38]李东东,陈陈.风力发电系统动态仿真的风速模型[J].中国电机工程学报. 2005(21): 41-44
[39]Changhong Shao, Xingjun Chen, and Zhonghua Ling. Application research of maximum wind-energy tracing controller based adaptive control strategy in WECS[C]. In Proc.of 5th IEEE IPEMC, Shanghai, China, 2006, 1(8): 607-611
[40]S.Y. Yang, X. Zhang, C.W. Zhang, and R.X. Cao. Test-bed of doubly fed induction generator for variable-spped constant-frequency wind power generation[C]. In Proc.of 5th IEEE IPEMC, Shanghai,China, 2006, 1(8): 510-514,
[41]P.M. Anderson, and A.Bose. Stablility simulation of wind turbine systems[J]. IEEE Trans Power Apparatus and Systems, 1983, 102: 3791-3795
[42]柴建云,苑国锋,杨凯,伍小杰等.变速恒频风力发电机组动态模拟系统[J]. 21世纪太阳能新技术. 2008, 32(4): 44-55
[43]姚锐,李珂,王兵树. SVPWM在内馈斩波串调系统中的应用研究[J].化工自动化及仪表. 2010, 37(7): 72-75
[44]Krairojananan T, Suthapradit. S.A. PLC program genrator incorporating sequential circuit synthesis technique[A]. IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems-Proceedings (IEEE APCCAS-98)[C]. National Electronics and Computer Technology Center; IEEE Circuits and Systems Society, 1998: 399-402
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