紫外环形成像仪设计与研究
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摘要
全球环境变化的研究是目前国际上空间遥感的热点课题，如何获得预测未来环境变化趋势的大气数据是科学家们所希望解决的问题，本文正是在此需求的前提下，依据目标探测的技术要求，设计和研制出了具有全新探测模式的双视场、多方位和多光学通道的紫外环形成像仪。该成像仪的工作谱段为285～395nm、305～315nm和350～360nm三个波段，能够在360°范围内多方位、多通道同时对地球大气进行临边和天底在轨探测，获取高空间、时间覆盖和高垂直分辨率的大气图像和数据信息以及大气辐射多方位的空间分布与动态结构，为研究全球环境和气候的变化提供依据。对于星载空间光学遥感器这样一个将多学科设计技术（如光学设计、热力学设计、结构设计等）与多学科分析技术相结合的结晶，如何保证设计出的星载空间光学遥感器能够在严酷的力学环境和复杂的空间环境的影响下正常工作并得到设计预定的成像质量尤为重要，基于此目的，本文针对紫外环形成像仪的设计，开展了以下几个方面的研究：
1.根据探测目标和技术要求，分别对紫外环形成像仪的光机热三个部分进行了对应的光学设计、结构设计和热控制设计。
2.紫外环形成像仪对大气临边探测高度范围的一致性由前置反射镜的拼接精度决定，通过结构设计和方法研究，完成前置反射镜的拼接，保证其在复杂环境条件下光学系统视场精度的要求。
3.由于一个光学探测通道用的成像元器件CCD探测器为裸片，由于其所探测的信号强度较弱，需在一定的温度范围内工作，在保证其探测精度和力学性能的前提下，设计出对应的焦平面结构。
4.集成UG、Patran、Code V等建模与分析软件以及相应的接口程序，对紫外环形成像仪的光、机、热进行集成分析。在进行光机热集成分析的基础上，对光机结构进行灵敏度分析和结构优化。
5.构建了紫外环形成像仪的多光路集成装调和性能检测系统，保证了仪器的装调精度和性能。
紫外环形成像仪是一种创新型的空间光学遥感仪器，其环境模拟试验验证分析和光学系统性能检测结果表明，其空间分辨率优于3km，基频大于184Hz，安全裕度大于0.24。说明其光机热设计合理、满足刚度、强度和精度要求,适合空间紫外遥感的应用。紫外环形成像仪的成功研制，填补了国内空白，为我国在大气遥感探测领域的相关研究提供了一定的技术参考。
The Study on global environmental change is a worldwide hot subject of thespace remote sensing. How to get the atmosphere data to estimate theenvironmental change is a problem that the scientists want to solve.Under theprecondition of this requirement, in this paper, designed and developed the UVimager with a bran-new detecting mode according to the technical requirements basedon the sounding objects and the technical requirements.It has two field of views、multiple azimuths and channels, the Central wavelengths of the UV imager、channelsare265nm、295nm and360nm. The UV imager can gets the earth’s limb and nadirimages of atmosphere simultaneously with multiple azimuths in360degrees on thetrack, gets the atmosphere、s images and data information with high spatial, timebestrow and high vertical resolution of the sounding objectives, which can supplysome references for the study on the global environmental change and climatic change.the space remote sensing instruments carried by satellite is an offspring to integratemultidisciplinary design technologies (such as optics design, thermal design andstructural design et al..) and multidisciplinary analysis technologies. It is important toensures the designed space remote sensing instruments carried by satellite can endurethe stern dynamical load and the complex space environment, and get theimaging quality of the design destined, thereby, A series research work on the UVimager is developed in this paper as below:
1. Aims at the sounding objects and the technical requirements, completed thethermal/structural/optical design of the UV Annular Imager respectively.
2. The domain of the detect height for the atmosphere limb by the UV AnnularImager is decided by the jointing precision of the prepositive reflector, through structure design and method analysis, accomplished the development for the jointingprecision of the prepositive reflector, ensure the requrest field of view precision of theoptical system under the complex environment.
3. Because the CCD of one detect channel is unpackaged image apparatus, thesignal intensity which detected is weak,and the detector works in a given range oftemperatures, it is necessary to design the corresponded focal plane under theprecondition that ensure his detect precession and mechanical property.
4. Integrated the modeling and analysis software, such as UG, Patran andCode-V et al.., and corresponding interface programs, carried out theoptical-structural-thermal integrated analysis for the UV Annular Imager. and then,Based on the optical-structural-thermal integrated analysis, completed the sensitivityanalysis and structural design optimization.
5. Carried on the systems of the multiple channels integrated assembly andperformance tests for the UV Annular Imager, achieved an effective project ofassembly and adjustability, and ensured the precision of assembly and adjustability.
The UV Annular Imager is a novel optical remote sensing instrument,experimental results through the environmental simulation test and the optical systemperformances indicate that its spatial resolution excels3km, the basic frequency of theUV Annular Imager is184Hz, and the safety margin is greater than0.24. Thethermal/structural/optical design of the UV Annular Imager is reasonable, satisfiedwith the strength, stiffness and precision requirements, it is suitable for the spaceremote sensing. The successful development of the UV annular imager filled up thedomestic blank of the corresponding research and provided a little reference to thecorrelation studies on atmospheric remote sensing detecting in our country.
1.根据探测目标和技术要求，分别对紫外环形成像仪的光机热三个部分进行了对应的光学设计、结构设计和热控制设计。
2.紫外环形成像仪对大气临边探测高度范围的一致性由前置反射镜的拼接精度决定，通过结构设计和方法研究，完成前置反射镜的拼接，保证其在复杂环境条件下光学系统视场精度的要求。
3.由于一个光学探测通道用的成像元器件CCD探测器为裸片，由于其所探测的信号强度较弱，需在一定的温度范围内工作，在保证其探测精度和力学性能的前提下，设计出对应的焦平面结构。
4.集成UG、Patran、Code V等建模与分析软件以及相应的接口程序，对紫外环形成像仪的光、机、热进行集成分析。在进行光机热集成分析的基础上，对光机结构进行灵敏度分析和结构优化。
5.构建了紫外环形成像仪的多光路集成装调和性能检测系统，保证了仪器的装调精度和性能。
紫外环形成像仪是一种创新型的空间光学遥感仪器，其环境模拟试验验证分析和光学系统性能检测结果表明，其空间分辨率优于3km，基频大于184Hz，安全裕度大于0.24。说明其光机热设计合理、满足刚度、强度和精度要求,适合空间紫外遥感的应用。紫外环形成像仪的成功研制，填补了国内空白，为我国在大气遥感探测领域的相关研究提供了一定的技术参考。
The Study on global environmental change is a worldwide hot subject of thespace remote sensing. How to get the atmosphere data to estimate theenvironmental change is a problem that the scientists want to solve.Under theprecondition of this requirement, in this paper, designed and developed the UVimager with a bran-new detecting mode according to the technical requirements basedon the sounding objects and the technical requirements.It has two field of views、multiple azimuths and channels, the Central wavelengths of the UV imager、channelsare265nm、295nm and360nm. The UV imager can gets the earth’s limb and nadirimages of atmosphere simultaneously with multiple azimuths in360degrees on thetrack, gets the atmosphere、s images and data information with high spatial, timebestrow and high vertical resolution of the sounding objectives, which can supplysome references for the study on the global environmental change and climatic change.the space remote sensing instruments carried by satellite is an offspring to integratemultidisciplinary design technologies (such as optics design, thermal design andstructural design et al..) and multidisciplinary analysis technologies. It is important toensures the designed space remote sensing instruments carried by satellite can endurethe stern dynamical load and the complex space environment, and get theimaging quality of the design destined, thereby, A series research work on the UVimager is developed in this paper as below:
1. Aims at the sounding objects and the technical requirements, completed thethermal/structural/optical design of the UV Annular Imager respectively.
2. The domain of the detect height for the atmosphere limb by the UV AnnularImager is decided by the jointing precision of the prepositive reflector, through structure design and method analysis, accomplished the development for the jointingprecision of the prepositive reflector, ensure the requrest field of view precision of theoptical system under the complex environment.
3. Because the CCD of one detect channel is unpackaged image apparatus, thesignal intensity which detected is weak,and the detector works in a given range oftemperatures, it is necessary to design the corresponded focal plane under theprecondition that ensure his detect precession and mechanical property.
4. Integrated the modeling and analysis software, such as UG, Patran andCode-V et al.., and corresponding interface programs, carried out theoptical-structural-thermal integrated analysis for the UV Annular Imager. and then,Based on the optical-structural-thermal integrated analysis, completed the sensitivityanalysis and structural design optimization.
5. Carried on the systems of the multiple channels integrated assembly andperformance tests for the UV Annular Imager, achieved an effective project ofassembly and adjustability, and ensured the precision of assembly and adjustability.
The UV Annular Imager is a novel optical remote sensing instrument,experimental results through the environmental simulation test and the optical systemperformances indicate that its spatial resolution excels3km, the basic frequency of theUV Annular Imager is184Hz, and the safety margin is greater than0.24. Thethermal/structural/optical design of the UV Annular Imager is reasonable, satisfiedwith the strength, stiffness and precision requirements, it is suitable for the spaceremote sensing. The successful development of the UV annular imager filled up thedomestic blank of the corresponding research and provided a little reference to thecorrelation studies on atmospheric remote sensing detecting in our country.
引文
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