我国汽车产业创新系统研究
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摘要
汽车产业作为我国的支柱性产业,它的兴衰决定着整个国民经济的发展。近年来我国汽车消费逐年增长,2010年一跃成为世界第一汽车消费国。在竞争激烈,同时汽车消费市场需求空前旺盛的当下,如何提高我国汽车产业技术创新能力,借助有利条件,占领国内国际汽车市场,实现其可持续发展,是当前我国汽车产业的核心目标和首要问题。
本文首先从理论入手,分别研究了产业创新和产业创新系统理论,而后通过分析我国汽车产业技术创新模式的演变及我国汽车产业创新体系的现状,发现现阶段我国汽车产业技术创新能力与发达汽车国家相比差距仍然较大,汽车核心和高端技术掌握水平仍然有限。得出了提高我国汽车产业整体创新能力,实现汽车产业的可持续发展,需要建立汽车产业创新系统的必要性和紧迫性。
本文在产业创新系统理论的基础上,结合我国汽车产业发展的阶段性特征和未来发展趋势,构建了我国汽车产业创新系统的结构模型。该系统模型由汽车产业技术开发系统、汽车产业政策环境保障系统以及汽车产业绩效监测与反馈系统三个子系统构成。同时对该系统的运行机制及各个子系统的主体构成、功能运行分别进行了分析和讨论,最后针对运行中的实际问题提出了一些可供参考的意见和建议。
Automobile industry as our country's backbone industry, it's ups determines the entire national economy development. In recent years China automobile consumption increased year by year,and it jumps to be the first car shoppers in 2010.
In the competitive market, while automobiles consumption demand is unprecedented exuberant, how to improve Chinese automobile industry technology innovation ability ,with the help of the favorable conditions and how to occupy domestic and international automobile market and how to realize the sustainable development are the core targets and primary problems of China's automobile industry.
First of all this paper studies the industry innovation and industrial innovation system theory and then analysis the current domestic automobile industry development situation. It discovers the present stage Chinese automobile industry technology innovation ability is still poor compared with developed car countries, the core and high-end technical mastery level is still limited. So if China's automobile industry wants to improve overall innovation ability and realize the sustainable development , it is necessary and urgent to set up auto industry innovation system
In the industrial innovation system theory basis and combined with the automotive industry development of gradual characteristic and the future development trends,this paper constructs the Chinese automobile industry innovation system structure model. The system model by automobile industry includings technology development system, auto industry policy environment protection system and automobile industry performance monitoring and feedback system . In this paper, the system of operation mechanism and the subject of each subsystem structure, function operation were analyzed, and finally this paper puts forward some reference opinions and suggestions according to the operation of the actual problems.
本文首先从理论入手,分别研究了产业创新和产业创新系统理论,而后通过分析我国汽车产业技术创新模式的演变及我国汽车产业创新体系的现状,发现现阶段我国汽车产业技术创新能力与发达汽车国家相比差距仍然较大,汽车核心和高端技术掌握水平仍然有限。得出了提高我国汽车产业整体创新能力,实现汽车产业的可持续发展,需要建立汽车产业创新系统的必要性和紧迫性。
本文在产业创新系统理论的基础上,结合我国汽车产业发展的阶段性特征和未来发展趋势,构建了我国汽车产业创新系统的结构模型。该系统模型由汽车产业技术开发系统、汽车产业政策环境保障系统以及汽车产业绩效监测与反馈系统三个子系统构成。同时对该系统的运行机制及各个子系统的主体构成、功能运行分别进行了分析和讨论,最后针对运行中的实际问题提出了一些可供参考的意见和建议。
Automobile industry as our country's backbone industry, it's ups determines the entire national economy development. In recent years China automobile consumption increased year by year,and it jumps to be the first car shoppers in 2010.
In the competitive market, while automobiles consumption demand is unprecedented exuberant, how to improve Chinese automobile industry technology innovation ability ,with the help of the favorable conditions and how to occupy domestic and international automobile market and how to realize the sustainable development are the core targets and primary problems of China's automobile industry.
First of all this paper studies the industry innovation and industrial innovation system theory and then analysis the current domestic automobile industry development situation. It discovers the present stage Chinese automobile industry technology innovation ability is still poor compared with developed car countries, the core and high-end technical mastery level is still limited. So if China's automobile industry wants to improve overall innovation ability and realize the sustainable development , it is necessary and urgent to set up auto industry innovation system
In the industrial innovation system theory basis and combined with the automotive industry development of gradual characteristic and the future development trends,this paper constructs the Chinese automobile industry innovation system structure model. The system model by automobile industry includings technology development system, auto industry policy environment protection system and automobile industry performance monitoring and feedback system . In this paper, the system of operation mechanism and the subject of each subsystem structure, function operation were analyzed, and finally this paper puts forward some reference opinions and suggestions according to the operation of the actual problems.
引文
[1] FREEMAN C. The Economics of Industrial Innovation[M]. thirded.Pinter London,1997:10-12.
[2]柳卸林.国家创新系统的由来与结构[M].经济管理出版社,1999:120-125.
[3]柳卸林. 21世纪的中国技术创新系统[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000:233-248.
[4]张珺,刘德学.基于全球生产网络的开放式产业创新体系构建[J].科技管理研究,2007,(2):169-171.
[5] CARLSSON B. On the Nature ,Function,and Composition of Technological Systems[J]. Journal of Evolutionary Economics,1991,(2):93-118.
[6]徐作圣,许友耕,郑志强,邱奕嘉.国家创新系统与竞争力--台湾集成电路产业之实证[J].经济情势暨评论季刊,2000:13-14.
[7]张治河.面向“中国光谷”的产业创新系统研究[D].武汉理工大学博士论文,2003:15-20.
[8]李春艳,刘力臻.产业创新系统生成机理与结构模型[J].科学与科学技术管理,2007,(1):50-55.
[9] MALERBA F. Sectoral systems of innovation and production[J]. Research Policy,2002,(32):247-264.
[10] MALERBA F. Innovation and the dynamics and evolution of industries Progress and challenges[J]. International Journal of Industrial Organization,2007,(25):675-699.
[11] MALERBA F. Sectoral systems of innovation.In:the Oxford innovation [M].NewyorkUniversity Press,2005:25-26.
[12]柳卸林. 21世纪的中国技术创新系统[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000:200-202.
[13] KLAUS KUBECZKO ,EWALD RAMETSTEINER, GERHARD WEISS. The role of sectoral and regional innovation systerms in supporting innovations in forestry[J]. Forest Policy and Economics,2006,(8):704-715.
[14] VICTOR GILSING,BART NOOTEBOOM. Exploration and exploitation in innovation systems:The case of pharmaceutical biltechnology[J]. Research Policy,2006,(35):01-23.
[15]柳卸林.我国产业创新的成就与挑战[J].中国软科学,2002,(12):09-11.
[16]徐作圣.国家创新系统与竞争力--台湾集成电路产业之实证[J].经济情势暨评论季刊,2000:13-15.
[17]张治河,胡树华,金鑫等.经济产业创新系统模型的构建与分析[J].北京:科研管理,2006,(3):36-39.
[18]王明明,党志刚,钱坤.产业创新系统模型的构建研究—以中国石化产业创新系统模型为例[J].北京:科学学研究,2009,(2):295-301.
[19]刘露.物流产业创新系统构建研究[J].物流技术,2008,(12):1-4.
[20]彼得杜拉克.创新与企业家精神[M].海口:海南出版社,2000:15-17.
[21] PRAHALAD C K.and HAMEL,GARY. The Core Comtetence of the Corporation[J]. Harvard Business Review,May-June:1-13.
[22]迈克尔·波特.国家竞争优势[M].北京:华夏出版社,2002:55-56.
[23]石定寰,柳卸林.国家创新体系建设的政策意义[J].中国科技论坛,1990:10-11.
[24] FREEMAN C,SOETE L. The Economics of Industrial Innovation ( thirded) [M]. London: Pinter,1997,(2):130-156.
[25] ROSE WILL. Technology Innovation Srategy[J]. The Journal of Product Innovation Management,2002,(19):111-130.
[26] FREEMAN C. Technology policy and Economic performance: Lessons from Japan [M]. London: Pinter,1987,(2):59-80.
[27] B.CARLSSON R. On the nature,function and compasition of technological systems[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,1991,(2):93-118.
[28] NELSON R. Recent evolutionary theorizing about economic change[J]. Journal of Economic Literature,1995,(33):48-90.
[29]梁中.低碳产业创新系统的构建与运行机制分析[J].经济问题探索,2010,(7):10-13.
[30]李武军.基于系统论的我国产业技术创新研究[J].当代经济,2010,(7):10-12.
[31]于淼,孙会敏.基于DEA分析法的产业创新系统效率评价方法研究[J].科技管理研究,2010,(1):23-24.
[32]张治河.武汉中国光谷企业自主创新能力评价研究[J].科研管理,2009,(3):3-4.
[33]阳芙蓉.我国汽车工业几种技术创新模式的对比研究[D].西南大学硕士毕业论文,2008:10-15.
[34]李成刚. FDI对我国技术创新的溢出效应研究[D].浙江大学博士毕业论文,2008:33-34.
[35] Blomstrom. Foreign direct investment as a catalyst for industrial development[J]. European Economic Review ,1999,(43):335-356.
[36]刘欢,张媚.跨国公司对我国汽车工业发展的技术溢出效应[J].经济理论研究,2006,(12):50-52.
[37]庄继德,叶福恒. WTO与中国汽车工业[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002:22-25.
[38]张娟.跨国公司对我国汽车产业技术转移模式分析[J].汽车工业研究,2005,(6):12-14.
[39]中国汽车工业年鉴2010[M].北京:中国汽车工业协会,2010.
[40]付保宗.我国汽车产业组织结构现状与调整对策[J]汽车工业研究,2010,(6):17-19.
[41]苏文静.汽车企业研发中心组织结构框架的研究[J].科技创新月刊,2010,(10):26-28.
[42]邵明远.中国汽车产业政策绩效研究[M].山东大学硕士学位论文,2008:10-15.
[43]孔欣欣.部门创新体系:一个影响当今产业创新政策的重要概念[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2008,(2):76-81.
[44]胡明铭,徐姝.产业创新系统研究综述[J].科技管理研究,2009(7):10-15
[45]欧雅婕,林迎星.战略性新兴产业创新系统构建的基础探讨[J].技术经济,2010,(12):22-25.
[46]王岩.跨国公司R&D活动对中国国家创新系统的影响[M].吉林大学博士毕业论文,2010:39-41.
[2]柳卸林.国家创新系统的由来与结构[M].经济管理出版社,1999:120-125.
[3]柳卸林. 21世纪的中国技术创新系统[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000:233-248.
[4]张珺,刘德学.基于全球生产网络的开放式产业创新体系构建[J].科技管理研究,2007,(2):169-171.
[5] CARLSSON B. On the Nature ,Function,and Composition of Technological Systems[J]. Journal of Evolutionary Economics,1991,(2):93-118.
[6]徐作圣,许友耕,郑志强,邱奕嘉.国家创新系统与竞争力--台湾集成电路产业之实证[J].经济情势暨评论季刊,2000:13-14.
[7]张治河.面向“中国光谷”的产业创新系统研究[D].武汉理工大学博士论文,2003:15-20.
[8]李春艳,刘力臻.产业创新系统生成机理与结构模型[J].科学与科学技术管理,2007,(1):50-55.
[9] MALERBA F. Sectoral systems of innovation and production[J]. Research Policy,2002,(32):247-264.
[10] MALERBA F. Innovation and the dynamics and evolution of industries Progress and challenges[J]. International Journal of Industrial Organization,2007,(25):675-699.
[11] MALERBA F. Sectoral systems of innovation.In:the Oxford innovation [M].NewyorkUniversity Press,2005:25-26.
[12]柳卸林. 21世纪的中国技术创新系统[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000:200-202.
[13] KLAUS KUBECZKO ,EWALD RAMETSTEINER, GERHARD WEISS. The role of sectoral and regional innovation systerms in supporting innovations in forestry[J]. Forest Policy and Economics,2006,(8):704-715.
[14] VICTOR GILSING,BART NOOTEBOOM. Exploration and exploitation in innovation systems:The case of pharmaceutical biltechnology[J]. Research Policy,2006,(35):01-23.
[15]柳卸林.我国产业创新的成就与挑战[J].中国软科学,2002,(12):09-11.
[16]徐作圣.国家创新系统与竞争力--台湾集成电路产业之实证[J].经济情势暨评论季刊,2000:13-15.
[17]张治河,胡树华,金鑫等.经济产业创新系统模型的构建与分析[J].北京:科研管理,2006,(3):36-39.
[18]王明明,党志刚,钱坤.产业创新系统模型的构建研究—以中国石化产业创新系统模型为例[J].北京:科学学研究,2009,(2):295-301.
[19]刘露.物流产业创新系统构建研究[J].物流技术,2008,(12):1-4.
[20]彼得杜拉克.创新与企业家精神[M].海口:海南出版社,2000:15-17.
[21] PRAHALAD C K.and HAMEL,GARY. The Core Comtetence of the Corporation[J]. Harvard Business Review,May-June:1-13.
[22]迈克尔·波特.国家竞争优势[M].北京:华夏出版社,2002:55-56.
[23]石定寰,柳卸林.国家创新体系建设的政策意义[J].中国科技论坛,1990:10-11.
[24] FREEMAN C,SOETE L. The Economics of Industrial Innovation ( thirded) [M]. London: Pinter,1997,(2):130-156.
[25] ROSE WILL. Technology Innovation Srategy[J]. The Journal of Product Innovation Management,2002,(19):111-130.
[26] FREEMAN C. Technology policy and Economic performance: Lessons from Japan [M]. London: Pinter,1987,(2):59-80.
[27] B.CARLSSON R. On the nature,function and compasition of technological systems[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,1991,(2):93-118.
[28] NELSON R. Recent evolutionary theorizing about economic change[J]. Journal of Economic Literature,1995,(33):48-90.
[29]梁中.低碳产业创新系统的构建与运行机制分析[J].经济问题探索,2010,(7):10-13.
[30]李武军.基于系统论的我国产业技术创新研究[J].当代经济,2010,(7):10-12.
[31]于淼,孙会敏.基于DEA分析法的产业创新系统效率评价方法研究[J].科技管理研究,2010,(1):23-24.
[32]张治河.武汉中国光谷企业自主创新能力评价研究[J].科研管理,2009,(3):3-4.
[33]阳芙蓉.我国汽车工业几种技术创新模式的对比研究[D].西南大学硕士毕业论文,2008:10-15.
[34]李成刚. FDI对我国技术创新的溢出效应研究[D].浙江大学博士毕业论文,2008:33-34.
[35] Blomstrom. Foreign direct investment as a catalyst for industrial development[J]. European Economic Review ,1999,(43):335-356.
[36]刘欢,张媚.跨国公司对我国汽车工业发展的技术溢出效应[J].经济理论研究,2006,(12):50-52.
[37]庄继德,叶福恒. WTO与中国汽车工业[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002:22-25.
[38]张娟.跨国公司对我国汽车产业技术转移模式分析[J].汽车工业研究,2005,(6):12-14.
[39]中国汽车工业年鉴2010[M].北京:中国汽车工业协会,2010.
[40]付保宗.我国汽车产业组织结构现状与调整对策[J]汽车工业研究,2010,(6):17-19.
[41]苏文静.汽车企业研发中心组织结构框架的研究[J].科技创新月刊,2010,(10):26-28.
[42]邵明远.中国汽车产业政策绩效研究[M].山东大学硕士学位论文,2008:10-15.
[43]孔欣欣.部门创新体系:一个影响当今产业创新政策的重要概念[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2008,(2):76-81.
[44]胡明铭,徐姝.产业创新系统研究综述[J].科技管理研究,2009(7):10-15
[45]欧雅婕,林迎星.战略性新兴产业创新系统构建的基础探讨[J].技术经济,2010,(12):22-25.
[46]王岩.跨国公司R&D活动对中国国家创新系统的影响[M].吉林大学博士毕业论文,2010:39-41.