云南省龙陵勐兴铅锌矿矿床成因及找矿标志
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摘要
目前,我国正处于地质学科发展的重要时期,矿床成因与找矿研究在随着找矿难度增加和地质学科发展及各种地球科学新技术的应用已经成为重要的科目。本论文立足于昆明理工大学关于《云南勐兴铅锌矿床深部与外围立体定位预测与增储研究》的科研项目,通过对矿产资源的深部找矿预测作为本文的契机,对相关矿床成因和找矿的地球科学资料进行收集、分析和研究。为缓解矿山危机和对边缘及深部找矿资源增储,集中应用和分析成矿因素与成矿模式理论,为矿山的找矿研究提供相关依据。1958年6月云南龙陵勐兴铅锌矿建于云南保山龙陵县,经过数十年的开采,云南龙陵勐兴铅锌矿已经是发现的相对规模较大的滇西南多金属硫化物矿床。但是矿山资源储量确日渐减少。本论文工作以矿床成因、成矿规律理论为指导,提取成矿因素信息,建立矿床成因和成矿规律研究体系,确定找矿标志。如下是对本次研究的主要认识：
1、勐兴铅锌矿矿液活化运移可能受到SN向断裂构造的控制,明显受层位控制和构造控制的含矿层在一定地质环境下富集成矿。矿体的沉积位置是最早发育的较稳定碳酸盐层中下古生代连续沉积旋回。主矿体赋存碎屑沉积岩所夹碳酸盐层的底部,次矿体赋存碎屑沉积岩所夹碳酸盐层的顶部,生物灰岩或纯灰岩(泥灰岩)属于矿化层。我国层控碳酸盐铅锌矿床的赋存规律东部地区与此层位的沉积特征一致。矿床类型属于碳酸盐岩沉积—改造型矿床；
2、根据光片分析,金属矿物生成顺序由早至晚为黄铁矿一闪锌矿一方铅矿；
3、龙陵勐兴铅锌是沉积—改造型矿床(沉积准原地改造矿床),赋存主要以碳酸盐岩主。矿化富集作用、次生富集作用、表生风化淋湿作用、层间破碎带的构造作用和成岩后生作用是沉积矿源基本面貌的先决因素；
4、通过矿床成因和成矿规律分析确定了找矿的标志。志留系地层和含层纹状灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩的灰岩地层,是主要赋矿层位；呈现黑褐色、红褐色、浅黄的网脉状、粉末状、胶状和皮壳状的铅锌矿铁帽是该层位的找矿标志；矿床中褐铁矿发现的重晶石脉和碳酸盐脉亦是找矿标志。
At present, China is in an important period of the geological development of the subject, genesis and exploration studies in the increased difficulty with Prospecting and geological development of academic disciplines and a variety of earth science application of new technologies has become an important subject. This paper based on the Kunming University of Science on "lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan Meng Xing stereotactic deep and peripheral projections and increase reserves of scientific research projects, through deep exploration of mineral resources in this forecast as an opportunity, and find the relevant genesis mine's Earth Science data collection, analysis and research. To ease the crisis and the edge of the mine and ore resources by deep storage, application and analysis of focus-forming factors and metallogenic model theory, research for the mining of ore-related basis. In June 1958, lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan Longling Meng Xing Built in Baoshan, Yunnan Longling, after decades of mining, lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan Longling Meng Xing is found in southwestern Yunnan relatively larger sulphides deposits. However, declining mine reserves. The paper work to genesis, forming the law theory, forming elements extracted information, establishment of genesis and Metallogenesis research system, to determine the prospecting criteria. The following are the main study of this understanding:
1, Meng Xing lead-zinc ore fluid migration and activation to SN faults may be controlled significantly by the layer containing the control and structural control of the seam under certain geological environment enriched mineralization. The earliest development of a more stable layer in the lower Paleozoic carbonate sedimentary cycles in a continuous deposition of ore body position. Main ore occurrence carbonate clastic sedimentary layer at the bottom of the folder, sub folder ore occurrence clastic sedimentary rocks of the carbonate layer at the top, biological limestone or pure limestone (marl) are mineralized layer. China stratabound Pb-Zn deposits of carbonate occurrence and law of the eastern region of the sedimentary characteristics of this layer line. Deposit types are carbonate - transform-type deposits;
2, According ray analysis, metallic minerals to generate the sequence from the late early for the flash of zinc a galena pyrite;
3, Longling Meng Fu Xing zinc mine is sedimentary - transform-type deposits (quasi-situ transformation of sedimentary deposits), occurrence of carbonate rocks. Mineralization effects, secondary enrichment, the role of supergene weathering wet, layer the tectonic fracture zones and the role of diagenetic deposition of epigenetic landscape of mines basic prerequisite factors
4, forming the law through the analysis of ore genesis and exploration to determine the sign. Silurian strata and containing laminated limestone, bioclastic limestone limestone formations, is a major enabling seam-bit; Showing dark brown color, red brown, yellow net vein, powder, gel, and hull shape is the lead-zinc gossans layer of prospecting criteria; Limonite deposits found in barite veins and carbonate veins are also prospecting criteria.
1、勐兴铅锌矿矿液活化运移可能受到SN向断裂构造的控制,明显受层位控制和构造控制的含矿层在一定地质环境下富集成矿。矿体的沉积位置是最早发育的较稳定碳酸盐层中下古生代连续沉积旋回。主矿体赋存碎屑沉积岩所夹碳酸盐层的底部,次矿体赋存碎屑沉积岩所夹碳酸盐层的顶部,生物灰岩或纯灰岩(泥灰岩)属于矿化层。我国层控碳酸盐铅锌矿床的赋存规律东部地区与此层位的沉积特征一致。矿床类型属于碳酸盐岩沉积—改造型矿床；
2、根据光片分析,金属矿物生成顺序由早至晚为黄铁矿一闪锌矿一方铅矿；
3、龙陵勐兴铅锌是沉积—改造型矿床(沉积准原地改造矿床),赋存主要以碳酸盐岩主。矿化富集作用、次生富集作用、表生风化淋湿作用、层间破碎带的构造作用和成岩后生作用是沉积矿源基本面貌的先决因素；
4、通过矿床成因和成矿规律分析确定了找矿的标志。志留系地层和含层纹状灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩的灰岩地层,是主要赋矿层位；呈现黑褐色、红褐色、浅黄的网脉状、粉末状、胶状和皮壳状的铅锌矿铁帽是该层位的找矿标志；矿床中褐铁矿发现的重晶石脉和碳酸盐脉亦是找矿标志。
At present, China is in an important period of the geological development of the subject, genesis and exploration studies in the increased difficulty with Prospecting and geological development of academic disciplines and a variety of earth science application of new technologies has become an important subject. This paper based on the Kunming University of Science on "lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan Meng Xing stereotactic deep and peripheral projections and increase reserves of scientific research projects, through deep exploration of mineral resources in this forecast as an opportunity, and find the relevant genesis mine's Earth Science data collection, analysis and research. To ease the crisis and the edge of the mine and ore resources by deep storage, application and analysis of focus-forming factors and metallogenic model theory, research for the mining of ore-related basis. In June 1958, lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan Longling Meng Xing Built in Baoshan, Yunnan Longling, after decades of mining, lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan Longling Meng Xing is found in southwestern Yunnan relatively larger sulphides deposits. However, declining mine reserves. The paper work to genesis, forming the law theory, forming elements extracted information, establishment of genesis and Metallogenesis research system, to determine the prospecting criteria. The following are the main study of this understanding:
1, Meng Xing lead-zinc ore fluid migration and activation to SN faults may be controlled significantly by the layer containing the control and structural control of the seam under certain geological environment enriched mineralization. The earliest development of a more stable layer in the lower Paleozoic carbonate sedimentary cycles in a continuous deposition of ore body position. Main ore occurrence carbonate clastic sedimentary layer at the bottom of the folder, sub folder ore occurrence clastic sedimentary rocks of the carbonate layer at the top, biological limestone or pure limestone (marl) are mineralized layer. China stratabound Pb-Zn deposits of carbonate occurrence and law of the eastern region of the sedimentary characteristics of this layer line. Deposit types are carbonate - transform-type deposits;
2, According ray analysis, metallic minerals to generate the sequence from the late early for the flash of zinc a galena pyrite;
3, Longling Meng Fu Xing zinc mine is sedimentary - transform-type deposits (quasi-situ transformation of sedimentary deposits), occurrence of carbonate rocks. Mineralization effects, secondary enrichment, the role of supergene weathering wet, layer the tectonic fracture zones and the role of diagenetic deposition of epigenetic landscape of mines basic prerequisite factors
4, forming the law through the analysis of ore genesis and exploration to determine the sign. Silurian strata and containing laminated limestone, bioclastic limestone limestone formations, is a major enabling seam-bit; Showing dark brown color, red brown, yellow net vein, powder, gel, and hull shape is the lead-zinc gossans layer of prospecting criteria; Limonite deposits found in barite veins and carbonate veins are also prospecting criteria.
引文
[1]罗秋良,云南省龙陵勐兴铅锌矿综合信息成矿预测：《昆明理工大学硕士论文》.昆明：昆明理工大学,2008
[2]王开林,云南勐兴铅锌矿矿体深部定位预测：《昆明理工大学硕士论文》.昆明：昆明理工大学,2007
[3]赵发,赵喷.云南龙陵勐糯铅锌矿床中镉元素赋存状况.云南地质,2010
[4]赵长江,高建国,王开林,丁秀芳.云南勐兴铅锌矿矿体空间特征及预测前景.云南地质,2008
[5]吴兴宇.浅谈物探方法在煤田采空区探测中的应用.科技传播.2010
[6]李文桦,李雷,赵荣宽,陈仪,赵重顺,曾荣贵,杨朝梁.龙陵勐兴铅锌矿床的沉积成矿因素.云南地质.1985
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[9]罗鉴凡,廖忠.瞬变电磁法、时间域激电法在勐兴铅锌矿的应用.云南地质.2002
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[17]陈国勇,邹建波,谭华,范玉梅.黔西北地区铅锌矿成矿规律探讨.贵州地质.2008
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[23]於崇文.成矿动力系统在混沌边缘分形生长一种新的成矿理论与方法论.地学前缘,2001,8(3)：10-28
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[3]赵发,赵喷.云南龙陵勐糯铅锌矿床中镉元素赋存状况.云南地质,2010
[4]赵长江,高建国,王开林,丁秀芳.云南勐兴铅锌矿矿体空间特征及预测前景.云南地质,2008
[5]吴兴宇.浅谈物探方法在煤田采空区探测中的应用.科技传播.2010
[6]李文桦,李雷,赵荣宽,陈仪,赵重顺,曾荣贵,杨朝梁.龙陵勐兴铅锌矿床的沉积成矿因素.云南地质.1985
[7]郭君.山东莱州金矿化集中区多元地学信息集成及靶区定量预测.昆明理工大学硕士论文.2005
[8]陈守余,赵鹏大,胡光道.云南澜沧江中南段多金属成矿谱系分析.地质找矿论丛.2007
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[10]李厚民,陈毓川,叶会寿,王登红,郭保健,李永峰.东秦岭一大别地区中生代与岩浆活动有关钼(钨)金银铅锌矿床成矿系列.地质学报.2008
[11]陈延生,李元.会泽铅锌矿矿床成因问题探讨.矿业工程.2005
[12]陈守余,赵鹏大,胡光道.云南澜沧江中南段多金属成矿谱系分析.地质找矿论丛.2007
[13]朱华平,范文玉,高大发,张林奎.西南三江成矿带中南段铅锌矿床成矿系列.沉积与特提斯地质.2008
[14]解文伟,刀俊山,黄俊坤.云南盈江老山寨铅锌矿矿床成因.云南地质.2010
[15]谈树成,秦德先,赵筱青,李俊,夏既胜,蒋顺德,崔银亮,张学书.个旧锡矿印支[8]中晚期海底基性火山一沉积Sn—Cu—Zn (Au)矿床成矿雏议.地质与勘探.2006
[16]李佐,黄满湘.湖南邵东高桥铅锌矿矿床成因探讨.有色矿冶.2008
[17]陈国勇,邹建波,谭华,范玉梅.黔西北地区铅锌矿成矿规律探讨.贵州地质.2008
[18]孔云丽,戚林坤.云南兰坪中排李子坪铅锌矿矿床成因.云南地质.2009
[19]杨自安,彭省临,石菲菲,朱谷昌,邹林.新疆若羌县维宝铅锌矿床地质特征及成因分析.矿产与地质.2008
[20]肖克炎,张晓华,王四龙等.矿产资源GIS评价系统.北京：地质出版社,2000.3
[21]董树文,赵逊,张彦英等.21世纪地质科学展望-31届国际地质大会学术启示.地球学 报,2001,22(1)：1-4
[22]刘志国,池顺都,周顺平.成矿预测中应用GIS的主要步骤.地质找矿论丛,2002,17(2)：140-144.
[23]於崇文.成矿动力系统在混沌边缘分形生长一种新的成矿理论与方法论.地学前缘,2001,8(3)：10-28
[24]R. H.Sibson. Fault rocks and fault mechanism. J. Geo.Sec-London.1990 Vol.133. p3
[25]罗鉴凡,廖忠.瞬变电磁法、时间域激电法在勐兴铅锌矿的应用.云南地质,2002,(4)：421-427
[26]李志群,陈耀光,张泰身等.云南勐糯铅锌矿的成矿地质特征和资源接替.地质找矿论丛,2005,20(2)：123-126
[27]党安荣,王晓栋,陈晓峰等.ERDAS IMAGIEE遥感图像处理方法.北京：清华出版社
[28]常庆瑞,蒋平安,周勇等.遥感技术导论.北京：科学技术出版社,2004
[29]汤国安,张顺友,刘咏梅等.遥感数字图像处理.北京：科学技术出版社,2004
[30]A. P. Crosta, Mc. M. Moore.1989Proceedings of the 7th(ERIM)Thematic Conference Remote Sensing for Exploration Geology, Oct.,2~6,1173-1181
[31]Zeng Z Y. Fully Automatic Mapping for Vegetation and Soil Erosion Monitoring Using Remote Sensing, Mathematic Modeling and GIS Techniques. Proceedings of the 20th International cartographic continence:Mapping the 21st century.2001:702~709
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