纳米孕育剂细化变质ZL109铝基复合材料
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摘要
ZL109是目前活塞材料中应用最多的合金。但是在ZL109合金的组织中,共晶硅成粗大针状或板状,会显著降低合金的强度和塑性,为了改变共晶硅的形貌和尺寸,需要进行变质处理。
Al-5Ti-B的加入可以细化初晶α-A1相,而且能细化铝合金的硅相组织,改善共晶硅的形态。采用Sr、稀土等元素变质共晶硅。本论文设计了两种不同体系的复合变质剂,分别是Al-Ti-B-Sr体系和Al-Ce-Sr体系,并研究了快速凝固处理后的两种复合变质剂的相组成、微观组织和形貌,并分析了两种体系的复合变质剂对ZL109合金的微观组织及力学性能的影响,研究结果表明:
快速凝固处理预处理后的Al-Ti-B-Sr复合变质剂使ZL109的微观组织得到了明显的改善,力学性能明显提高,与加入块状的复合变质剂相比,其拉伸强度由372MPa提高到402MPa,提高了8%;硬度从77HRB升高到83HRB,提高了7%;磨损率由0.1324%降为0.1024%,磨损性能明显得到提高。快速凝固处理预处理后的Al-Sr-Ce复合变质剂使ZL109的力学性能明显提高,与加入块状的复合变质剂相比,其拉伸值由375MPa提高到395MPa,提高了5%;硬度从70HRB升高到77HRB,提高了10%,磨损率由0.2918%降为0.1545%,磨损性能明显得到提高。
快速凝固处理后的Al-Ti-B-Sr中间合金的相组成主要有:α-Al和弥散分布在基体上的Al3Ti、TiB2、SrB6晶粒组成;快速凝固处理后的Al-Ce-Sr中间合金的相组织有:α-Al、Al4Sr和Al4Ce等组成,快速凝固后的微观组织中的晶粒尺寸较小,达到了纳米级。
Now the most popular piston materials in used are ZL109 Al matrix composites. But the microstructures of casting ZL109 alloys usually consist of needle-like or lamellar eutectic silicon, which greatly aggravated the mechanical properties of ZL109 alloys. So the control of the morphology and size of eutectic silicon have become the most important and necessary processing for ZL109 alloys.
Generally, Al-5Ti-1B can refine primaryα-Al dendrite and improve the shape of eutectic silicon.Sr, RE (Rare Earth elements) are usually used to transform the morphology and size of eutectic silicon. In this paper, the Al-Ti-B-Sr system and the Al-Ce-Sr system are fabricated by rapid solidification respectively. Phase composition, microstructure and micro-morphology of rapidly solidified Al-Ti-B-Sr and Al-Ce-Sr composite modifier have been studied respectively. Effect of rapid solidified composite modifier on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZL109 alloy have been analysed.
The results shown that rapidly solidified Al-Ti-B-Sr composite modifier refined the microstructure of ZL109 significantly and improved mechanical properties of ZL109 obviously compared with ZL109 alloy processed by bulk modifier under the same conditions. The strength increases from 372 MPa to 402 MPa, increased by 8%; the hardness increases from 77HRB to 83HRB, increased by 7%, wear rate decreases from 0.1324% to 0.102%, therefore, the wear resistance can be improved effectively. The results show that the ZL109 alloy processed by melt-spun Al-Ti-B-Sr modifier can refine the microstructure of ZL109 significantly, and mechanical properties increase obviously, compared with ZL109 alloy processed by bulk modifier under the same conditions, the strength increases from 375 MPa to 395 MPa, increased by 5%, the hardness increases from 70HRB to 77HRB, increased by 10%, wear rate decreases from 0.2918% to 0.1545%, therefore, the wear resistance can be improved effectively.
Phase composition of rapidly solidified Al-Ti-B-Sr composite modifier involves Al3Ti,TiB2 and SrB6. Phase composition of rapidly solidified Al-Ce-Sr modifier is composed ofα-Al, Al4Sr and Al4Ce. Grain size of rapidly solidified composite modifier is up to nanometer grade.
Al-5Ti-B的加入可以细化初晶α-A1相,而且能细化铝合金的硅相组织,改善共晶硅的形态。采用Sr、稀土等元素变质共晶硅。本论文设计了两种不同体系的复合变质剂,分别是Al-Ti-B-Sr体系和Al-Ce-Sr体系,并研究了快速凝固处理后的两种复合变质剂的相组成、微观组织和形貌,并分析了两种体系的复合变质剂对ZL109合金的微观组织及力学性能的影响,研究结果表明:
快速凝固处理预处理后的Al-Ti-B-Sr复合变质剂使ZL109的微观组织得到了明显的改善,力学性能明显提高,与加入块状的复合变质剂相比,其拉伸强度由372MPa提高到402MPa,提高了8%;硬度从77HRB升高到83HRB,提高了7%;磨损率由0.1324%降为0.1024%,磨损性能明显得到提高。快速凝固处理预处理后的Al-Sr-Ce复合变质剂使ZL109的力学性能明显提高,与加入块状的复合变质剂相比,其拉伸值由375MPa提高到395MPa,提高了5%;硬度从70HRB升高到77HRB,提高了10%,磨损率由0.2918%降为0.1545%,磨损性能明显得到提高。
快速凝固处理后的Al-Ti-B-Sr中间合金的相组成主要有:α-Al和弥散分布在基体上的Al3Ti、TiB2、SrB6晶粒组成;快速凝固处理后的Al-Ce-Sr中间合金的相组织有:α-Al、Al4Sr和Al4Ce等组成,快速凝固后的微观组织中的晶粒尺寸较小,达到了纳米级。
Now the most popular piston materials in used are ZL109 Al matrix composites. But the microstructures of casting ZL109 alloys usually consist of needle-like or lamellar eutectic silicon, which greatly aggravated the mechanical properties of ZL109 alloys. So the control of the morphology and size of eutectic silicon have become the most important and necessary processing for ZL109 alloys.
Generally, Al-5Ti-1B can refine primaryα-Al dendrite and improve the shape of eutectic silicon.Sr, RE (Rare Earth elements) are usually used to transform the morphology and size of eutectic silicon. In this paper, the Al-Ti-B-Sr system and the Al-Ce-Sr system are fabricated by rapid solidification respectively. Phase composition, microstructure and micro-morphology of rapidly solidified Al-Ti-B-Sr and Al-Ce-Sr composite modifier have been studied respectively. Effect of rapid solidified composite modifier on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZL109 alloy have been analysed.
The results shown that rapidly solidified Al-Ti-B-Sr composite modifier refined the microstructure of ZL109 significantly and improved mechanical properties of ZL109 obviously compared with ZL109 alloy processed by bulk modifier under the same conditions. The strength increases from 372 MPa to 402 MPa, increased by 8%; the hardness increases from 77HRB to 83HRB, increased by 7%, wear rate decreases from 0.1324% to 0.102%, therefore, the wear resistance can be improved effectively. The results show that the ZL109 alloy processed by melt-spun Al-Ti-B-Sr modifier can refine the microstructure of ZL109 significantly, and mechanical properties increase obviously, compared with ZL109 alloy processed by bulk modifier under the same conditions, the strength increases from 375 MPa to 395 MPa, increased by 5%, the hardness increases from 70HRB to 77HRB, increased by 10%, wear rate decreases from 0.2918% to 0.1545%, therefore, the wear resistance can be improved effectively.
Phase composition of rapidly solidified Al-Ti-B-Sr composite modifier involves Al3Ti,TiB2 and SrB6. Phase composition of rapidly solidified Al-Ce-Sr modifier is composed ofα-Al, Al4Sr and Al4Ce. Grain size of rapidly solidified composite modifier is up to nanometer grade.
引文
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[8]李小松,蔡安辉,罗云.B细化处理对亚共晶铝硅合金力学性能和断口形貌的影响.湖南理工学院学报,2009,22(2):34-38
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