基于技术演化的引进式技术跨越研究
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摘要
在世界新科技革命推动下,科技竞争成为综合国力竞争的焦点。进入21世纪后,新科技革命的迅猛发展,带来了深刻的技术革命,科学技术成果应用转化的速度不断加快,为技术和经济发展造就了新的追赶和跨越机会。
我国作为发展中国家,经济社会整体水平不高,特别是我国科技的总体水平与世界先进水平相比仍有较大差距,我国的技术发展主要是建立在技术引进、消化吸收和创新基础上完成的。但是基于技术引进的二次创新具有明显的路径依赖性,这种路径依赖性造成了我国自主创新存在明显的结构性矛盾。
技术跨越理论从技术路径的角度描述了技术的跨越式发展,为技术后进者实现对技术领先者的追赶和超越提供了理论框架。建立在技术引进基础上的技术跨越属于引进式技术跨越,对于以技术引进消化吸收再创新为主要创新模式的技术追赶者来讲,对引进式技术跨越的研究有重要意义。同时,技术跨越活动具有强烈的技术演化特征,因此,本文以技术演化为切入点,对引进式技术跨越相关问题进行研究,以期为技术跨越的研究提供新的视角和实证经验。
论文首先对技术跨越及技术演化的相关理论进行系统的梳理和归纳,为引进式技术跨越的研究奠定理论基础;在此基础上,运用技术能力及演化理论,分析了引进式技术跨越技术能力的演化规律,提出了引进式技术跨越技术能力的演化模型;在技术体制视角下对引进式技术跨越进行研究,分析了引进式技术跨越演化过程中的不同阶段与技术体制的相互关系;接着对引进式技术跨越型企业进行研究,首先界定了引进式技术跨越型企业的概念,并分析了引进式技术跨越型企业的特点及条件,在此基础上着重研究了引进式技术跨越型企业的技术跨越路径的演化过程,并对这一演化过程典型案例进行研究;接着结合目前关于企业创新与产业创新演化关系的研究,对引进式技术跨越型企业与产业创新的演化关系进行理论研究;最后通过建立面板数据模型,对天津市的制造业大中型企业引进式技术跨越及产业创新的关系进行了实证研究,通过实证研究发现,技术追赶阶段的创新投入对天津市产业创新负相关,技术同步和技术跨越阶段的创新投入对天津市产业创新正相关,并且技术同步阶段的创新投入对天津市产业创新影响效果显著,最后在此研究基础上提出了提升产业技术创新水平的对策建议。
Technology competition has become the focus of competition in overall national strength, driven by new scientific and technological revolution of the world. The 21st century, a new rapid development of scientific and technological revolution has brought about a profound technological revolution, the outcome of the application of science and technology, accelerating the pace of transformation, to create a new opportunity to catch up and leap for technical and economic development.
China as a developing country, whose overall level of economic and social is not high, a wide gap still exists between especially in the overall level of China's science and technology and the world's advanced level, meanwhile, our technology is based on the technology introduction, digestion and absorption and innovation. However, the introduction of the second technology-based innovation has obvious path dependence, which led to the existence of independent innovation of China's structural contradictions.
Theory of technological leapfrogging from the technical way describes the technology development by leaps and bounds, backward, and also offers the theoretical framework to catch up and surpass towards a technical leader. The technological leapfrogging on the basis of technology introduction belongs to the introduction-style technological leapfrogging, which tells the great significance to the introduction-style technological leapfrogging towards the technology catcher who takes the digestion and innovation of technology as the main creation model. At the same time, technological leapfrogging shows the most obvious character of technological evolution. Therefore, this article will begin here, study the introduction-style technological leapfrogging concerned, and hope to provide a new perspective and empirical experience for the technological leapfrogging and the industrial innovation.
This paper, first of all, begins to systemize and summarize the theories of technological leapfrogging and the technological evolution concerned and lays the theoretical foundation for the introduction-style technological leapfrogging; On this basis of which, by the use of technical capabilities and evolution theory, analyzing the evolution of technological rules of it, proposing the evolution model of technological capabilities on the introduction of technology across; and the study begins in the technical system from the Perspective of the technological leapfrogging, and the analysis starts in the interrelationship between different stages and the technology system; followed the study on the enterprise of the introduction-style on the technological leapfrogging. First of all, it defines the enterprise with it, and an analysis of its characteristics and conditions, in this technically focused on the path of innovation and a typical case of the study of the enterprise concerned; then the current enterprise innovation on the relationship between industrial innovation and research, the theory study between the enterprise and the industry innovation; Finally through the establishment of panel data model, that is the empirical study on the Tianjin large and medium-sized manufacture enterprises between them, the study shows that the negative correlation of Tianjin technology innovation will happen during the innovation of technological catch-up phase, and the positive correlation of Tianjin industry innovation will exist during technology phase synchronization and innovation invest of technological leapfrogging, and furthermore the significant effect of Tianjin industry innovation will be taken in the innovation invest of the technology phase synchronization. In the end, the paper provides the suggestion and proposals towards the raising industry technology innovation prospects.
我国作为发展中国家,经济社会整体水平不高,特别是我国科技的总体水平与世界先进水平相比仍有较大差距,我国的技术发展主要是建立在技术引进、消化吸收和创新基础上完成的。但是基于技术引进的二次创新具有明显的路径依赖性,这种路径依赖性造成了我国自主创新存在明显的结构性矛盾。
技术跨越理论从技术路径的角度描述了技术的跨越式发展,为技术后进者实现对技术领先者的追赶和超越提供了理论框架。建立在技术引进基础上的技术跨越属于引进式技术跨越,对于以技术引进消化吸收再创新为主要创新模式的技术追赶者来讲,对引进式技术跨越的研究有重要意义。同时,技术跨越活动具有强烈的技术演化特征,因此,本文以技术演化为切入点,对引进式技术跨越相关问题进行研究,以期为技术跨越的研究提供新的视角和实证经验。
论文首先对技术跨越及技术演化的相关理论进行系统的梳理和归纳,为引进式技术跨越的研究奠定理论基础;在此基础上,运用技术能力及演化理论,分析了引进式技术跨越技术能力的演化规律,提出了引进式技术跨越技术能力的演化模型;在技术体制视角下对引进式技术跨越进行研究,分析了引进式技术跨越演化过程中的不同阶段与技术体制的相互关系;接着对引进式技术跨越型企业进行研究,首先界定了引进式技术跨越型企业的概念,并分析了引进式技术跨越型企业的特点及条件,在此基础上着重研究了引进式技术跨越型企业的技术跨越路径的演化过程,并对这一演化过程典型案例进行研究;接着结合目前关于企业创新与产业创新演化关系的研究,对引进式技术跨越型企业与产业创新的演化关系进行理论研究;最后通过建立面板数据模型,对天津市的制造业大中型企业引进式技术跨越及产业创新的关系进行了实证研究,通过实证研究发现,技术追赶阶段的创新投入对天津市产业创新负相关,技术同步和技术跨越阶段的创新投入对天津市产业创新正相关,并且技术同步阶段的创新投入对天津市产业创新影响效果显著,最后在此研究基础上提出了提升产业技术创新水平的对策建议。
Technology competition has become the focus of competition in overall national strength, driven by new scientific and technological revolution of the world. The 21st century, a new rapid development of scientific and technological revolution has brought about a profound technological revolution, the outcome of the application of science and technology, accelerating the pace of transformation, to create a new opportunity to catch up and leap for technical and economic development.
China as a developing country, whose overall level of economic and social is not high, a wide gap still exists between especially in the overall level of China's science and technology and the world's advanced level, meanwhile, our technology is based on the technology introduction, digestion and absorption and innovation. However, the introduction of the second technology-based innovation has obvious path dependence, which led to the existence of independent innovation of China's structural contradictions.
Theory of technological leapfrogging from the technical way describes the technology development by leaps and bounds, backward, and also offers the theoretical framework to catch up and surpass towards a technical leader. The technological leapfrogging on the basis of technology introduction belongs to the introduction-style technological leapfrogging, which tells the great significance to the introduction-style technological leapfrogging towards the technology catcher who takes the digestion and innovation of technology as the main creation model. At the same time, technological leapfrogging shows the most obvious character of technological evolution. Therefore, this article will begin here, study the introduction-style technological leapfrogging concerned, and hope to provide a new perspective and empirical experience for the technological leapfrogging and the industrial innovation.
This paper, first of all, begins to systemize and summarize the theories of technological leapfrogging and the technological evolution concerned and lays the theoretical foundation for the introduction-style technological leapfrogging; On this basis of which, by the use of technical capabilities and evolution theory, analyzing the evolution of technological rules of it, proposing the evolution model of technological capabilities on the introduction of technology across; and the study begins in the technical system from the Perspective of the technological leapfrogging, and the analysis starts in the interrelationship between different stages and the technology system; followed the study on the enterprise of the introduction-style on the technological leapfrogging. First of all, it defines the enterprise with it, and an analysis of its characteristics and conditions, in this technically focused on the path of innovation and a typical case of the study of the enterprise concerned; then the current enterprise innovation on the relationship between industrial innovation and research, the theory study between the enterprise and the industry innovation; Finally through the establishment of panel data model, that is the empirical study on the Tianjin large and medium-sized manufacture enterprises between them, the study shows that the negative correlation of Tianjin technology innovation will happen during the innovation of technological catch-up phase, and the positive correlation of Tianjin industry innovation will exist during technology phase synchronization and innovation invest of technological leapfrogging, and furthermore the significant effect of Tianjin industry innovation will be taken in the innovation invest of the technology phase synchronization. In the end, the paper provides the suggestion and proposals towards the raising industry technology innovation prospects.
引文
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