基于低压防雷器件测试的冲击电流发生器仿真研究
|
摘要
冲击电流发生器用来产生强大的冲击电流。它用于电磁兼容试验所规定的设备对雷电瞬变电流引起的抗扰度试验,用以检验电力电气设备耐受雷电流或操作波电流的热和强大的电磁场的破坏能力。如对浪涌保护器(SPD)的能量耐受能力的试验。此外,它还用在核物理、加速器、激光技术等领域。因此,有必要进行冲击电流发生器的研究。
本论文研究的内容主要有以下几个方面:
使用了Protel软件、Matlab语言和Visual Basic编程语言,对冲击电流发生器主回路进行了数学计算、计算机仿真。得出冲击电流波形成回路参数数值;能产生符合国家标准的8/20us、1/10us、10/350us、2000us等规格的标准冲击电流波。根据国家和国际电工委员会标准和基本的电路理论,设计了去耦网络,并对去耦合网络进行了仿真,仿真的结果表明设计是正确的。探讨了在线试验自动系统的保护和控制措施。分析了在线试验的相位跟踪技术,对工频电源相位0-3600范围内跟踪和同步触发,满足精度小于50的要求。设计了高压可控三电极火花开关,对开关特性进行了试验。设计了用于冲击电流测量的Rogowski线圈,并分析了Rogowski线圈自积分电路的幅频响应特性。结果表明设计的Rogowski线圈自积分电路能够测量冲击电流。
As a large amount of surge protective devices (SPD) are being used in our daily life, the test of SPD energy endurance becomes more and more important. So the impulse current generator is seriously needed. The impulse current generator which can generate high impulse current is used in the test of electromagnetism compatibility and resistant-sustainable ability of electric implement fulminous. Moreover, it is used in the fields of nuclear physics, accelerator and laser industry.
The main contributions of this paper are as follows:
Protel software, Matlab and Visual Basic programmable language were employed to simulate the main circuit. The parameters of the main discharge circuit with standard waveform of 8/20us、1/10us、10/350us、2000us were obtained. The relationship among circuit parameters, loads and waveform parameters of impulse current, operating voltage,virtual front time and virtual time to half value were discussed, and the designing principles of impulse current generator were obtained from this research. According to the IEC standard and the basic circuit theory, the decouple network circuits were designed,the method of selecting circuit parameters were provided and the circuits were simulated. The results of simulations proved that the theoretical design is correct. Protection control method of on-line impulse current test system was suggested in this paper. A phase tracking technique was used. The tracker can track the applied alternating current phase in scope of 0o -360o and be triggered synchronously. The trigger error didn’t exceed 5o , which met the requirement of national standard. The discharge was controlled by a high voltage field distortion spark gap. The current measurement of the impulse current generator by Rogowski coil was discussed in this paper. The response characters of amplitude and frequency of the coil were also analyzed.
本论文研究的内容主要有以下几个方面:
使用了Protel软件、Matlab语言和Visual Basic编程语言,对冲击电流发生器主回路进行了数学计算、计算机仿真。得出冲击电流波形成回路参数数值;能产生符合国家标准的8/20us、1/10us、10/350us、2000us等规格的标准冲击电流波。根据国家和国际电工委员会标准和基本的电路理论,设计了去耦网络,并对去耦合网络进行了仿真,仿真的结果表明设计是正确的。探讨了在线试验自动系统的保护和控制措施。分析了在线试验的相位跟踪技术,对工频电源相位0-3600范围内跟踪和同步触发,满足精度小于50的要求。设计了高压可控三电极火花开关,对开关特性进行了试验。设计了用于冲击电流测量的Rogowski线圈,并分析了Rogowski线圈自积分电路的幅频响应特性。结果表明设计的Rogowski线圈自积分电路能够测量冲击电流。
As a large amount of surge protective devices (SPD) are being used in our daily life, the test of SPD energy endurance becomes more and more important. So the impulse current generator is seriously needed. The impulse current generator which can generate high impulse current is used in the test of electromagnetism compatibility and resistant-sustainable ability of electric implement fulminous. Moreover, it is used in the fields of nuclear physics, accelerator and laser industry.
The main contributions of this paper are as follows:
Protel software, Matlab and Visual Basic programmable language were employed to simulate the main circuit. The parameters of the main discharge circuit with standard waveform of 8/20us、1/10us、10/350us、2000us were obtained. The relationship among circuit parameters, loads and waveform parameters of impulse current, operating voltage,virtual front time and virtual time to half value were discussed, and the designing principles of impulse current generator were obtained from this research. According to the IEC standard and the basic circuit theory, the decouple network circuits were designed,the method of selecting circuit parameters were provided and the circuits were simulated. The results of simulations proved that the theoretical design is correct. Protection control method of on-line impulse current test system was suggested in this paper. A phase tracking technique was used. The tracker can track the applied alternating current phase in scope of 0o -360o and be triggered synchronously. The trigger error didn’t exceed 5o , which met the requirement of national standard. The discharge was controlled by a high voltage field distortion spark gap. The current measurement of the impulse current generator by Rogowski coil was discussed in this paper. The response characters of amplitude and frequency of the coil were also analyzed.
引文
[1] B/T 1 7626.5-1999.电磁兼容.试验和测量技术,浪涌(冲击)抗扰度试验[S].
[2] GB/T 16927.1-1997.高电压试验技术第一部分:一般试验要求[S].
[3] GB/T 16927.2-1997.高电压试验技术第二部分:测量系统[S].
[4] IEC 60099-4交流系统用无间隙金属氧化物避雷器[s].
[5] 华中工学院 上海交通大学.高电压试验技术[M].北京:水利水电出版社.1982
[6] [日]电气学会大电流能量技术调查专门委员会(陈国呈译).大电流能量技术与应用北京:科学出版社[M].2004
[7] 秦曾衍 左公宁 王永荣 吴弘 孙广生 孙鸪鸿.高压强脉冲放电及其应用[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社.2000
[8] 熊泰昌.电力避雷器的原理试验与维修[M].北京:水利水电出版社.1993
[9] 赵智大.高电压技术.北京:中国电力出版社[M].1999
[10] 吴维韩 何金良 高玉明.金属氧化物非线性特性和应用.北京:清华大学出版社.1997
[11] 徐喜佑 张嘉祥 周惠娟 实用高电压技术问答[M].北京:水利电力出版社.1991
[12] 蒋国雄 邱毓昌.避雷器及其高压试验[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社.1989
[13] 徐廷献.电子陶瓷材料[M].天津:天津出版社.1993
[14] 张益民.陡波冲击电流试验装置残压测量分析.电瓷避雷器[J].2004
[15] 姚学玲 孙伟 陈景亮.脉冲放电峰值与能量测试仪器.电瓷避雷器[J].2004
[16] 陈景亮 姚学玲.冲击电流发生器回路的仿真计算.电瓷避雷器[J].2003.3(4):40-44.
[17] 姚学玲 陈景亮.自动调节的交流高压电源. 高电压技术[J].2003.29(11):55—56
[18] 陈景亮 姚学玲 孙伟.浪涌保护器冲击电流自动测试系统.高电压技术[J].2005
[19] 陈景亮 姚学玲.压敏电阻限制电压测试回路参数的仿真计算. 高电压技术[J].2002.28(12)
[20] 周龙 文远芳 詹琼华等.金属氧化物避雷器运行状态监测中的变系数补偿法和电阻片性能诊断方法的研究.电工技术学报[J].1998.13(6):2l一25
[21] 唐炬 张新强 孙才新等.金属氧化物避雷器阻性电流检测的多元补偿法研究.高电压技术[J].1999.25(1):36—41
[22] 周龙 陈继东 文远芳.氧化锌避雷器阻性电流的谐波分析法.华东电力[J].1997(7):44-45
[23] 薛定宇 陈阳泉.基于Matlab/Simulink的系统仿真技术与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2002.
[24] 李长林.VISUAL BASIC 串口通信技术与典型实例[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2006
[25] 吴天明 谢小竹 彭彬 MATLAB 电力系统设计分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社.2004
[26] 苏晓生.MATLAB6.0及其工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社.2002
[27] [美] Anthony T.Mann.Viaual Basic实用编程指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社.1996
[28] 邱关源.现代电路理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2001
[29] IEC61643.1,Surge Protective Devices Connected to Low voltage Power Distribution System Part 1: Performance Requirements and Testing Methods[S].1998
[30] IEC6001,High voltage Test Technique,Part 1:General Test Requirements[S].1989
[31] IEC6002,High voltage Test Technique, Part 1: Measuring System[S],1989
[32] IEC61000-4—5.Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)testing and measurement techniques,surge immunity test[s],1995
[33] Li Jianying,Li Shengtao,Liu Fuyi,et a1.The oringin of varistor property of SrTiO3一based ceramics[J]. Mat Sci.2003 (14): 483～ 486
[34] Schmidt W,Meppelink J,Richter B,Feser K,Kehl L,Qiu D.Behavior of MO surge-arrester blocks to fast transients. IEEE Trans.on PWRD,1989,4(1):292-300
[35] 王永龄.功能陶瓷性能与应用[M].北京:科学出版社.2003
[36] 段兴.Visual Basic6.0 控件实用程序设计 1000 例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2002
[36] 周鸿年.Excel2000 中文版及其应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2000
[37] 廖常初.PLC 编程及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2005
[2] GB/T 16927.1-1997.高电压试验技术第一部分:一般试验要求[S].
[3] GB/T 16927.2-1997.高电压试验技术第二部分:测量系统[S].
[4] IEC 60099-4交流系统用无间隙金属氧化物避雷器[s].
[5] 华中工学院 上海交通大学.高电压试验技术[M].北京:水利水电出版社.1982
[6] [日]电气学会大电流能量技术调查专门委员会(陈国呈译).大电流能量技术与应用北京:科学出版社[M].2004
[7] 秦曾衍 左公宁 王永荣 吴弘 孙广生 孙鸪鸿.高压强脉冲放电及其应用[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社.2000
[8] 熊泰昌.电力避雷器的原理试验与维修[M].北京:水利水电出版社.1993
[9] 赵智大.高电压技术.北京:中国电力出版社[M].1999
[10] 吴维韩 何金良 高玉明.金属氧化物非线性特性和应用.北京:清华大学出版社.1997
[11] 徐喜佑 张嘉祥 周惠娟 实用高电压技术问答[M].北京:水利电力出版社.1991
[12] 蒋国雄 邱毓昌.避雷器及其高压试验[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社.1989
[13] 徐廷献.电子陶瓷材料[M].天津:天津出版社.1993
[14] 张益民.陡波冲击电流试验装置残压测量分析.电瓷避雷器[J].2004
[15] 姚学玲 孙伟 陈景亮.脉冲放电峰值与能量测试仪器.电瓷避雷器[J].2004
[16] 陈景亮 姚学玲.冲击电流发生器回路的仿真计算.电瓷避雷器[J].2003.3(4):40-44.
[17] 姚学玲 陈景亮.自动调节的交流高压电源. 高电压技术[J].2003.29(11):55—56
[18] 陈景亮 姚学玲 孙伟.浪涌保护器冲击电流自动测试系统.高电压技术[J].2005
[19] 陈景亮 姚学玲.压敏电阻限制电压测试回路参数的仿真计算. 高电压技术[J].2002.28(12)
[20] 周龙 文远芳 詹琼华等.金属氧化物避雷器运行状态监测中的变系数补偿法和电阻片性能诊断方法的研究.电工技术学报[J].1998.13(6):2l一25
[21] 唐炬 张新强 孙才新等.金属氧化物避雷器阻性电流检测的多元补偿法研究.高电压技术[J].1999.25(1):36—41
[22] 周龙 陈继东 文远芳.氧化锌避雷器阻性电流的谐波分析法.华东电力[J].1997(7):44-45
[23] 薛定宇 陈阳泉.基于Matlab/Simulink的系统仿真技术与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2002.
[24] 李长林.VISUAL BASIC 串口通信技术与典型实例[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2006
[25] 吴天明 谢小竹 彭彬 MATLAB 电力系统设计分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社.2004
[26] 苏晓生.MATLAB6.0及其工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社.2002
[27] [美] Anthony T.Mann.Viaual Basic实用编程指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社.1996
[28] 邱关源.现代电路理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2001
[29] IEC61643.1,Surge Protective Devices Connected to Low voltage Power Distribution System Part 1: Performance Requirements and Testing Methods[S].1998
[30] IEC6001,High voltage Test Technique,Part 1:General Test Requirements[S].1989
[31] IEC6002,High voltage Test Technique, Part 1: Measuring System[S],1989
[32] IEC61000-4—5.Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)testing and measurement techniques,surge immunity test[s],1995
[33] Li Jianying,Li Shengtao,Liu Fuyi,et a1.The oringin of varistor property of SrTiO3一based ceramics[J]. Mat Sci.2003 (14): 483～ 486
[34] Schmidt W,Meppelink J,Richter B,Feser K,Kehl L,Qiu D.Behavior of MO surge-arrester blocks to fast transients. IEEE Trans.on PWRD,1989,4(1):292-300
[35] 王永龄.功能陶瓷性能与应用[M].北京:科学出版社.2003
[36] 段兴.Visual Basic6.0 控件实用程序设计 1000 例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2002
[36] 周鸿年.Excel2000 中文版及其应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2000
[37] 廖常初.PLC 编程及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2005