局部放电在线监测无线传输系统的研究
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摘要
电力设备长期受温度、雷击及内部过电压的作用,绝缘会逐步老化,导致内部产生微弱放电(称局部放电),如果不采取措施,它会逐步扩大而导致设备绝缘击穿。近年来,在线监测技术的发展使得及时发现这些缺陷成为可能,它能对被监测设备的绝缘参数随时进行测量,为电力系统的安全运行提供可靠的保证。
基于无线传输的特殊优点,本文提出在线监测系统采用无线传输的方式,为防止局部放电的无线干扰信号,选择通信频率为433MHz的短距离通信芯片nRF9E5。在此基础上,本文开发了通信芯片与PC机之间的通信以及通信芯片间的点对点通信系统。
本文构建了四种典型的局部放电模型来模拟电力设备内部的放电,并利用罗可夫斯基线圈、已有的采集系统和开发的点对点通信系统对其进行了传输试验,对接收到的数据进行了复原,使得其能较真实地反映放电模型的局部放电特征。为验证通信系统的可靠性,将利用传输系统得到的数据放电波形图和示波器采集到的波形图进行了比较,得到了很好的结果。
在对四种局部放电模型传输试验的基础上,对接收到的数据进行了处理,根据工频电压信号数据得到了局部放电信号的相位特征,根据局部放电电压信号数据得到了其放电量。据此选取一个工频周期对其相位φ、放电量q和放电重复率n进行了统计,绘制了四种局部放电模型的φ-q-n三维谱图,并对其进行了分析和比较。
Under temperature/lightning strike and internal voltage for long time, insulation of power equipment becomes aged, which leads to partial discharge. If the messures cannot be adopted, insulation breakdown may come along. The development of on-line monitoring makes it possible to find these faults. It can make sure the safe of power system by messuring the state of power equipment monitored.
Based on the special merits of wireless communication, wireless transmission is pointed out for monitoring system. We choose nRF9E5 to avoid wireless interference. By studying the inner structure of nRF9E5, the software support is programmed for point-to-point communication system.
This paper creates four relevant PD models upon the peculiar PD patterns of power equipment. PD experiment is done and the data is transmitted by system of data acquisition and point-to-point communication. The information received by controller center is treated and made a comparison with the primary signal of PD and we get a good result.
On the basis of experiment on four relevant PD midels, the received data is treated. The characteristic of phase (φ) is got by the signal of power frequency voltage and the characteristic of PD magnitude (q) is got by the signal of PD.φ-q-n of PD is numbered in 20 millisecond. Andφ-q-n 3-D plots are made for four PD models by data treated. The results are analyzed and compared based on the plots.
基于无线传输的特殊优点,本文提出在线监测系统采用无线传输的方式,为防止局部放电的无线干扰信号,选择通信频率为433MHz的短距离通信芯片nRF9E5。在此基础上,本文开发了通信芯片与PC机之间的通信以及通信芯片间的点对点通信系统。
本文构建了四种典型的局部放电模型来模拟电力设备内部的放电,并利用罗可夫斯基线圈、已有的采集系统和开发的点对点通信系统对其进行了传输试验,对接收到的数据进行了复原,使得其能较真实地反映放电模型的局部放电特征。为验证通信系统的可靠性,将利用传输系统得到的数据放电波形图和示波器采集到的波形图进行了比较,得到了很好的结果。
在对四种局部放电模型传输试验的基础上,对接收到的数据进行了处理,根据工频电压信号数据得到了局部放电信号的相位特征,根据局部放电电压信号数据得到了其放电量。据此选取一个工频周期对其相位φ、放电量q和放电重复率n进行了统计,绘制了四种局部放电模型的φ-q-n三维谱图,并对其进行了分析和比较。
Under temperature/lightning strike and internal voltage for long time, insulation of power equipment becomes aged, which leads to partial discharge. If the messures cannot be adopted, insulation breakdown may come along. The development of on-line monitoring makes it possible to find these faults. It can make sure the safe of power system by messuring the state of power equipment monitored.
Based on the special merits of wireless communication, wireless transmission is pointed out for monitoring system. We choose nRF9E5 to avoid wireless interference. By studying the inner structure of nRF9E5, the software support is programmed for point-to-point communication system.
This paper creates four relevant PD models upon the peculiar PD patterns of power equipment. PD experiment is done and the data is transmitted by system of data acquisition and point-to-point communication. The information received by controller center is treated and made a comparison with the primary signal of PD and we get a good result.
On the basis of experiment on four relevant PD midels, the received data is treated. The characteristic of phase (φ) is got by the signal of power frequency voltage and the characteristic of PD magnitude (q) is got by the signal of PD.φ-q-n of PD is numbered in 20 millisecond. Andφ-q-n 3-D plots are made for four PD models by data treated. The results are analyzed and compared based on the plots.
引文
[1]韩祯祥,电力系统自动监视与控制[M],北京:水利电力出版社,1989
[2]郭剑波,“八五”期间电网事故统计分析电网技术[J],1998,22 (2):72 ~74
[3]肖登明,电力设备在线监测与故障诊断[M],上海:上海交通大学出版社,2005
[4]郭碧红,杨晓洪,我国电力设备在线检测技术的开发应用状况分析[J],电网技术,1999,23(8):65~68
[5]严璋,电气绝缘在线检测技术[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1995
[6]陈家斌,电气设备故障检测诊断方法及实例[M],中国水利水电出版社,2003,40~385
[7]郭宗军,变电设备绝缘在线监测数据的分析及处理,(硕士学位论文),西安:西安交通大学,2002
[8]裴云,电力设备故障诊断系统及其应用,(硕士学位论文),武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[9]黄盛洁,姚文捷,马治亮等,电气设备绝缘在线监测和状态维修[M],中国水利水电出版社,2004
[10] H. Suzuki, T. Endoh, Pattern recognition of partial discharge in XLPE cables using a neural network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 1992, 27(3):50~556.
[11] F. H. Kreuger, E. Gulski, A. Krivda, Classification of partial discharges [J], IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, 1993,28(6):917~931.
[12]李剑,孙才新,廖瑞金等,用于局部放电图象识别的统计特征研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(9):104~107.
[13] H. T. Grimmelius, P. P. Meiler, L. M. Maas, etal, Three State-of-the-art Methods for Condition Monitoring[J], IEEE Trans on Ind Electron, 1999, 46:407~416.
[14]王建新,基于Internet远程监控系统研究,(硕士学位论文),石家庄:河北农业大学,2004.
[15] B. Alan, Short range Wireless Communication[M], LLH Technology Publishing, 2002
[16] http://www.cndw.com/tech/network/2006041441633.asp无线通信与有线接入的比较
[17]王瑞华,脉冲变压器设计(第二版)[M],北京:科学出版社,1996,354~367
[18] G.. Schet, The intelligent GIS: A fundamental change in the combination of primary and secondary equipment[J], 1996, CIGRE’96, Paris, 341~345
[19] D. G.. Pellinen, M. S. Dicapua, E. Stephen, etc, Rogowski coil for measuring fast, high-level pulsed current[J], The Review of Scientific Instruments, 1980, 51(11): 1535~1540
[20]申烛,钱政,罗承沐等. Rogowski线圈测量误差分析和估计[J],高电压技术,2003,29(1): 26~27
[21]张红岭,王海明,郑绳楦, Rogowski线圈的结构与电磁参数的研究[J],高电压技术,2006,32(6): 21~24
[22]王琦,基于嵌入式操作系统的远程抄表监控终端设计,(硕士学位论文),青岛:中国海洋大学,2005
[23]求是科技,单片机通信技术与工程实践[M]。北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[24]郑启忠,朱宏辉,耿四军等,系统级RF芯片nRF24E1收发原理与应用编程[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,7:42~45
[25] Nordic VLSI Inc.433/868/915MHz RF Transceiver with Embedded 8051 Compatible Microcontroller and 4 Input,10 BitADC,2004
[26]蒋俊峰,无线收发芯片比较与选择[J],今日电子,2003,9:58~60
[27]季一锦,尹明德,一种基于nRF9E5的无残监浏局域网系统的设计[J],国外电子元器件,2004,12:22~25
[28]郑启忠,12864-12 LCD模块与射频SoC nRF9E5的串行接口设计[J],现代显示,2004,45(5):50~53
[29]肖志勇,杨小玲,李光泉,基于nRF905芯片的无线传输设计与实现[J],计算机与现代化,2005,9:121~124
[30] Microchip,25AA320/25LC320/25320芯片资料
[31]李治龙,曾碧,nRF905模块和SPI接口的点对点无线通信系统[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,10:20~22
[32] W. Hutter, Partial discharges part XII: partial discharge detection in rotating electrical machines[J], IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 1992, 8(3): 21~32
[33]杨林军,发电机局部放电非线性模式识别现状及展望[J],现代电子技术2006,14:116~120
[34]王晓蓉,杨敏中,严璋,电力设备局部放电测量中抗干扰研究的现状和展望[J],电网技术,2000,24(6):41~45
[35]赵智大,高电压技术[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1999
[36]中野义映,高电压技术[M](张乔根译),北京:科学出版社,2004
[37] http://www.cshoo.com/cj/Article/200705/33305.html郝金涛,电力变压器故障分析与诊断
[38]唐炬,王静,李剑等,统计参数用于局部放电模式识别的研究[J],高电压技术,2002,28(8):4~7
[39]淡文刚,陈祥训,郑健超,油中局部放电脉冲波形的测量与特性分析[J],电网技术,2000,24(6):37~40
[40]张冠军,全玉生,钱政等,电力变压器典型局放模型的放电信号图谱[J],高电压技术,1999,25(2):13~14,17
[41]乐波,李俭,张晓虹,基于指纹参量的环氧云母绝缘多因子老化的实验研究[J],电工电能新技术2001,2:29~34
[42]王泽忠,李成榕,彭湃等,基于分形方法的电力设备绝缘局部放电识别[J],现代电力,1999,16(4):33~37
[43] J. Y. Holboll, M. Henriksen, Partial discharge patterns related to surface deterioration in voids in epoxy[C], Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation, 1990, Toronto, 115~119
[44] B. Fruth, L. Nniemeyer, M. Haessig, etc, Phase resolved discharge measurement and computer aided analysis performed on different HV apparatus[C]. 6th Int. Symp. On High Voltage Engineering, 1989, NewOrleans, USA, 15
[45] E. Gulski, A. Kricda, Neural networks as a tool for recognition of partial discharges[J], IEEE Transaction, 1993, 28(6): 984~1001
[2]郭剑波,“八五”期间电网事故统计分析电网技术[J],1998,22 (2):72 ~74
[3]肖登明,电力设备在线监测与故障诊断[M],上海:上海交通大学出版社,2005
[4]郭碧红,杨晓洪,我国电力设备在线检测技术的开发应用状况分析[J],电网技术,1999,23(8):65~68
[5]严璋,电气绝缘在线检测技术[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1995
[6]陈家斌,电气设备故障检测诊断方法及实例[M],中国水利水电出版社,2003,40~385
[7]郭宗军,变电设备绝缘在线监测数据的分析及处理,(硕士学位论文),西安:西安交通大学,2002
[8]裴云,电力设备故障诊断系统及其应用,(硕士学位论文),武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[9]黄盛洁,姚文捷,马治亮等,电气设备绝缘在线监测和状态维修[M],中国水利水电出版社,2004
[10] H. Suzuki, T. Endoh, Pattern recognition of partial discharge in XLPE cables using a neural network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 1992, 27(3):50~556.
[11] F. H. Kreuger, E. Gulski, A. Krivda, Classification of partial discharges [J], IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, 1993,28(6):917~931.
[12]李剑,孙才新,廖瑞金等,用于局部放电图象识别的统计特征研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(9):104~107.
[13] H. T. Grimmelius, P. P. Meiler, L. M. Maas, etal, Three State-of-the-art Methods for Condition Monitoring[J], IEEE Trans on Ind Electron, 1999, 46:407~416.
[14]王建新,基于Internet远程监控系统研究,(硕士学位论文),石家庄:河北农业大学,2004.
[15] B. Alan, Short range Wireless Communication[M], LLH Technology Publishing, 2002
[16] http://www.cndw.com/tech/network/2006041441633.asp无线通信与有线接入的比较
[17]王瑞华,脉冲变压器设计(第二版)[M],北京:科学出版社,1996,354~367
[18] G.. Schet, The intelligent GIS: A fundamental change in the combination of primary and secondary equipment[J], 1996, CIGRE’96, Paris, 341~345
[19] D. G.. Pellinen, M. S. Dicapua, E. Stephen, etc, Rogowski coil for measuring fast, high-level pulsed current[J], The Review of Scientific Instruments, 1980, 51(11): 1535~1540
[20]申烛,钱政,罗承沐等. Rogowski线圈测量误差分析和估计[J],高电压技术,2003,29(1): 26~27
[21]张红岭,王海明,郑绳楦, Rogowski线圈的结构与电磁参数的研究[J],高电压技术,2006,32(6): 21~24
[22]王琦,基于嵌入式操作系统的远程抄表监控终端设计,(硕士学位论文),青岛:中国海洋大学,2005
[23]求是科技,单片机通信技术与工程实践[M]。北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[24]郑启忠,朱宏辉,耿四军等,系统级RF芯片nRF24E1收发原理与应用编程[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,7:42~45
[25] Nordic VLSI Inc.433/868/915MHz RF Transceiver with Embedded 8051 Compatible Microcontroller and 4 Input,10 BitADC,2004
[26]蒋俊峰,无线收发芯片比较与选择[J],今日电子,2003,9:58~60
[27]季一锦,尹明德,一种基于nRF9E5的无残监浏局域网系统的设计[J],国外电子元器件,2004,12:22~25
[28]郑启忠,12864-12 LCD模块与射频SoC nRF9E5的串行接口设计[J],现代显示,2004,45(5):50~53
[29]肖志勇,杨小玲,李光泉,基于nRF905芯片的无线传输设计与实现[J],计算机与现代化,2005,9:121~124
[30] Microchip,25AA320/25LC320/25320芯片资料
[31]李治龙,曾碧,nRF905模块和SPI接口的点对点无线通信系统[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,10:20~22
[32] W. Hutter, Partial discharges part XII: partial discharge detection in rotating electrical machines[J], IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 1992, 8(3): 21~32
[33]杨林军,发电机局部放电非线性模式识别现状及展望[J],现代电子技术2006,14:116~120
[34]王晓蓉,杨敏中,严璋,电力设备局部放电测量中抗干扰研究的现状和展望[J],电网技术,2000,24(6):41~45
[35]赵智大,高电压技术[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1999
[36]中野义映,高电压技术[M](张乔根译),北京:科学出版社,2004
[37] http://www.cshoo.com/cj/Article/200705/33305.html郝金涛,电力变压器故障分析与诊断
[38]唐炬,王静,李剑等,统计参数用于局部放电模式识别的研究[J],高电压技术,2002,28(8):4~7
[39]淡文刚,陈祥训,郑健超,油中局部放电脉冲波形的测量与特性分析[J],电网技术,2000,24(6):37~40
[40]张冠军,全玉生,钱政等,电力变压器典型局放模型的放电信号图谱[J],高电压技术,1999,25(2):13~14,17
[41]乐波,李俭,张晓虹,基于指纹参量的环氧云母绝缘多因子老化的实验研究[J],电工电能新技术2001,2:29~34
[42]王泽忠,李成榕,彭湃等,基于分形方法的电力设备绝缘局部放电识别[J],现代电力,1999,16(4):33~37
[43] J. Y. Holboll, M. Henriksen, Partial discharge patterns related to surface deterioration in voids in epoxy[C], Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation, 1990, Toronto, 115~119
[44] B. Fruth, L. Nniemeyer, M. Haessig, etc, Phase resolved discharge measurement and computer aided analysis performed on different HV apparatus[C]. 6th Int. Symp. On High Voltage Engineering, 1989, NewOrleans, USA, 15
[45] E. Gulski, A. Kricda, Neural networks as a tool for recognition of partial discharges[J], IEEE Transaction, 1993, 28(6): 984~1001