基于P87LPC767单片机的剩余电流保护器
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摘要
本文在分析国内外剩余电流保护器产品性能现状基础上,设计了以P87LPC767单片机为控制芯片的智能剩余电流保护器,具有显示、数据存储、查询、档位手动设置与自动浮动、动作相别指示等功能,充分利用P87LPC767单片机的资源,提出了系统的整体方案和实施的方法。
本文重点阐述了剩余电流有效值和相位的测量方法。分析比较了数字采样技术的三种方法即同步采样、非同步采样、准同步采样法,结合剩余电流保护器功能要求,选择其中的非同步采样法,对于非同步采样产生的误差采用软件插值修正,保证了测量的精度,降低了产品成本,提高了性价比。对信号的测量,充分利用P87LPC767单片机的外部中断、定时器等资源,采用“半周波”采样测量计算有效值,较好地解决了数据采样运算与保护器运行实时性的矛盾。
文中对制作调试的要点:判据的实现、多延时程序设计、误差分析与控制、电磁兼容性设计进行了重点分析。提出了剩余电流保护动作的两类判据;提出了减小测量误差的软硬件措施;利用已有基准信号作为单片机中断的触发信号,实现多延时任务程序的设计,提供了一种在没有定时器情况下编写延时、定时任务程序的方法;利用采样过程对高频干扰进行监测,有效地解决了系统电磁兼容性问题。
An intelligent Residual Current Operating Protective Relay is designed in this article based on the analysis of domestic and foreign Residual Current Operating Protective Relay present product performance, which is controlled by P87LPC767 monolithic integrated circuit. The instrument managing the resources of the P87LPC767 monolithic integrated circuit has lots of functions such as data display, storage, inquiry and manual setting steps, automatic fluctuation, action phase instruction and so on. The thesis systematically proposed the whole design and the implement method.
The technique of measuring residual current phase and its root-mean-square is discussed in detail in the thesis. This paper also has analyzed the digital sampling technique and has introduced three main digital sampling methods, which are synchronous, non-synchronous and quasi-synchronous sampling method. According to the function requirements of the Residual Current Operating Protective Relay, I choose non-synchronous sampling method to reduce product costs and to enhance performance and price ratio; at same time I select software to control measuring accuracy by the means of adjusting the differences. To the signal measure, I make the best use of external interrupt resources, timer and so on provided by P87LPC767 monolithic integrated circuit, meanwhile sampling and measure half period wave and calculate root-mean-square. Thus the contradiction between data sampling operation and protector action has been solved well.
The debugging is analyzed as the emphasis in the article, including the realization of criterion, and the design of multi-time-lapse program, and analysis on error and restrictor on it, and the design on electromagnetic compatibility and so on. All these problems are settled in the paper, which gives two criterions on residual current protection and designs of hardware and software to cut down the infection of error. In the software programming aspect, the datum signal the trigger pip is used for the monolithic integrated circuit interrupt, so that multi-time-lapse procedures can be designed to realize a new to write time-lapse and delay procedures without timer. The problem of electromagnetic compatibility is settled effectively by a program designed to monitor the interference signal in high frequency.
本文重点阐述了剩余电流有效值和相位的测量方法。分析比较了数字采样技术的三种方法即同步采样、非同步采样、准同步采样法,结合剩余电流保护器功能要求,选择其中的非同步采样法,对于非同步采样产生的误差采用软件插值修正,保证了测量的精度,降低了产品成本,提高了性价比。对信号的测量,充分利用P87LPC767单片机的外部中断、定时器等资源,采用“半周波”采样测量计算有效值,较好地解决了数据采样运算与保护器运行实时性的矛盾。
文中对制作调试的要点:判据的实现、多延时程序设计、误差分析与控制、电磁兼容性设计进行了重点分析。提出了剩余电流保护动作的两类判据;提出了减小测量误差的软硬件措施;利用已有基准信号作为单片机中断的触发信号,实现多延时任务程序的设计,提供了一种在没有定时器情况下编写延时、定时任务程序的方法;利用采样过程对高频干扰进行监测,有效地解决了系统电磁兼容性问题。
An intelligent Residual Current Operating Protective Relay is designed in this article based on the analysis of domestic and foreign Residual Current Operating Protective Relay present product performance, which is controlled by P87LPC767 monolithic integrated circuit. The instrument managing the resources of the P87LPC767 monolithic integrated circuit has lots of functions such as data display, storage, inquiry and manual setting steps, automatic fluctuation, action phase instruction and so on. The thesis systematically proposed the whole design and the implement method.
The technique of measuring residual current phase and its root-mean-square is discussed in detail in the thesis. This paper also has analyzed the digital sampling technique and has introduced three main digital sampling methods, which are synchronous, non-synchronous and quasi-synchronous sampling method. According to the function requirements of the Residual Current Operating Protective Relay, I choose non-synchronous sampling method to reduce product costs and to enhance performance and price ratio; at same time I select software to control measuring accuracy by the means of adjusting the differences. To the signal measure, I make the best use of external interrupt resources, timer and so on provided by P87LPC767 monolithic integrated circuit, meanwhile sampling and measure half period wave and calculate root-mean-square. Thus the contradiction between data sampling operation and protector action has been solved well.
The debugging is analyzed as the emphasis in the article, including the realization of criterion, and the design of multi-time-lapse program, and analysis on error and restrictor on it, and the design on electromagnetic compatibility and so on. All these problems are settled in the paper, which gives two criterions on residual current protection and designs of hardware and software to cut down the infection of error. In the software programming aspect, the datum signal the trigger pip is used for the monolithic integrated circuit interrupt, so that multi-time-lapse procedures can be designed to realize a new to write time-lapse and delay procedures without timer. The problem of electromagnetic compatibility is settled effectively by a program designed to monitor the interference signal in high frequency.
引文
1.IEC755Amend.1(1988-06) 剩余电流动作保护装置的一般要求。
2.周积刚,孙筑,张守义.GB6829-1995剩余电流动作保护器的一般要求.上海:上海电器科学研究所,1995
3.周积刚,孙筑,吕迎华.JB8756-1998.剩余电流动作保护器.上海:上海电器科学研究所,1998
4.A.C.夫兰克林,D.P.夫兰克林编.变压器全书.崔立君等译.北京:机械工业出版社,1990.207-223
5.周敏跃.剩余电流保护装置在线运行的探讨.农村电气化,2005,09:14-15
6.周航慈,周立功,朱曼等.PHILIPS 51LPC系列单片机原理及应用设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.2-20,37-42
7.李忠民,赵昌胜,易协钟.漏电保护器原理及实用技术.长沙:湖南省电力工业局漏电保护器服务中心,1993.175-200
8.李庆波,王菽蓉,徐勇.采样计算式测量方法的特点及应用.电测与仪表.1999,(9):4-6
9.P.S.Wright,P.Pickering.An Ac Voltage Based on a PWM DAC IEEE Trans on Instrum Meas,1999,40(2):457-461
10.A.A.Girgis,J.Qiu.Measurement of parameters of a Slowly Time-Varying High Frequency Transient.IEEE Trans on Instrum Meas,1989,38(6):1057-1063
11.C.H.Diy.Calculated Performance of A Digital Sampling Wattmeter Using Systematic Sampling.IEE Proc SCIENCE 1982,129(3):172-175
12.Gerand N.Stenbakken.Awideband Sampling Wattmeter IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus And System 1989,PAS-103(10):2919-2925
13.T.S.Rathohe.Theorems on Power Mean and RMS Values of Uniformly Sampled Periodic Signals IEE Proc SCIENCE 1984,131(3):598-600
14.戴先中.准同步采样中的几个理论与实际问题.仪器仪表学报,1986,(2):46-51
15.戴先中.准同步采样中的若干问题.电测与仪表,1988,(2):16-18
16.王学伟.混合采样功率电能测量的理论与误差研究.哈尔滨理工大学博士研究生学位论文:2013,2.12:16-17
17.何立民.单片机应用系统设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1999,305-308
18.任仲岳.电机电工的微机测试.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1986.5.163-182
19.王幸之,王雷,钟爱琴凳.单片机应用系统电磁干扰与抗干扰技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.02.
20.刘慧宁.单片机电源部件的电磁兼容性设计.中国医疗器械,2007,(1):67-74
21.张志良.单片机原理与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.01.194-207
2.周积刚,孙筑,张守义.GB6829-1995剩余电流动作保护器的一般要求.上海:上海电器科学研究所,1995
3.周积刚,孙筑,吕迎华.JB8756-1998.剩余电流动作保护器.上海:上海电器科学研究所,1998
4.A.C.夫兰克林,D.P.夫兰克林编.变压器全书.崔立君等译.北京:机械工业出版社,1990.207-223
5.周敏跃.剩余电流保护装置在线运行的探讨.农村电气化,2005,09:14-15
6.周航慈,周立功,朱曼等.PHILIPS 51LPC系列单片机原理及应用设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.2-20,37-42
7.李忠民,赵昌胜,易协钟.漏电保护器原理及实用技术.长沙:湖南省电力工业局漏电保护器服务中心,1993.175-200
8.李庆波,王菽蓉,徐勇.采样计算式测量方法的特点及应用.电测与仪表.1999,(9):4-6
9.P.S.Wright,P.Pickering.An Ac Voltage Based on a PWM DAC IEEE Trans on Instrum Meas,1999,40(2):457-461
10.A.A.Girgis,J.Qiu.Measurement of parameters of a Slowly Time-Varying High Frequency Transient.IEEE Trans on Instrum Meas,1989,38(6):1057-1063
11.C.H.Diy.Calculated Performance of A Digital Sampling Wattmeter Using Systematic Sampling.IEE Proc SCIENCE 1982,129(3):172-175
12.Gerand N.Stenbakken.Awideband Sampling Wattmeter IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus And System 1989,PAS-103(10):2919-2925
13.T.S.Rathohe.Theorems on Power Mean and RMS Values of Uniformly Sampled Periodic Signals IEE Proc SCIENCE 1984,131(3):598-600
14.戴先中.准同步采样中的几个理论与实际问题.仪器仪表学报,1986,(2):46-51
15.戴先中.准同步采样中的若干问题.电测与仪表,1988,(2):16-18
16.王学伟.混合采样功率电能测量的理论与误差研究.哈尔滨理工大学博士研究生学位论文:2013,2.12:16-17
17.何立民.单片机应用系统设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1999,305-308
18.任仲岳.电机电工的微机测试.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1986.5.163-182
19.王幸之,王雷,钟爱琴凳.单片机应用系统电磁干扰与抗干扰技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.02.
20.刘慧宁.单片机电源部件的电磁兼容性设计.中国医疗器械,2007,(1):67-74
21.张志良.单片机原理与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.01.194-207