新型小型高速混合制粒机的研制
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摘要
本文根据医药制粒工艺研究的需求,设计了一种新型小型高速混合制粒机,用于一次性完成混合、加湿与制成颗粒等多道工序的新型小型化自动制药设备,其方法是将药物粉末和辅料加入容器内,搅拌均匀后加入粘合剂高速切割制粒。该设计包括整体结构及计算机自动检测与控制系统。经过大量实验并结合特定的工艺要求得出了,针对不同的物料配方与之相应的最佳操作参数。实验证明,该装置具有良好的控制系统,自动化程度高,与传统的实验室手动设备相比,制粒效率高、操作简便,且所制颗粒均匀、批次稳定,并完成了样机的整机集成,填补了国内具有优良控制系统的小型高速混合制粒机的不足,是测控技术与生化工程新工艺研究的良好结合。
本文的主要研究内容有:
1.介绍了小型高速混合制粒机的制粒原理,并根据要求完成了制粒机的机械结构设计、加工与安装,包括搅拌桨和制粒桨的形状与工作位置;搅拌桨与搅拌电机及制粒桨与剪切电机的同轴连接;
2.确定并设计了自动控制方案,包括以ATmega32单片机为核心的控制电路的设计、电路板的制作和相应的软件程序的编写,以实现混合容器内温度的非接触实时测量及搅拌桨与制粒桨转速的测量与控制等;
3.实现了控制板与PC机的通信,并采用LabVIEW编程设计了人机界面,在PC机上实时显示容器内温度、电机转速及时间等参数,方便数据的存储与分析;
4.针对混合容器内不同物料的特性,进行小型高速混合制粒机最佳控制参数的实验与分析,并确定操作标准流程。
According to the need of medicine pelletisation, a New-style Miniature High Shear Granulator (MHSG)is designed, which is a kind of automatic pharmacy equipment to mix, to wet, to granulate at one time. This equipment includes Mechanical Configuration and Measuring and Controlling System. For technologic needs, the experiments present the relevant data corresponding different composition. Compared with a process operating by hand, the equipment shows high automation and efficiency, its product have proportioned granule in shape, similitude granularity in size. To this day, the equipment mode has been finished at whole, which program has become combining production between the measurement and control technology and the biochemistry engineering technology.
The paper’s content includes four aspects as follows:
1. Having introduced the principle of MHSG, and according to technologic needs, finishing the Mechanical Configuration design, machining and fixing, including the shape and relevant position of impeller and chopper, the joint of impeller and mixing motor, and the joint of chopper and cutting motor;
2. Having designed the automatic controlling scheme, including the controlling circuit design based on the ATmega32, PCB design and software design, implementing the real-time measure of temperature in mixing vessel, the testing and controlling of impeller and chopper speed;
3. Having implemented the communication between controlling board and PC, designed the interface between human and computer adopting LabVIEW, which displays the parameters such as temperature, motor speed and time, in order to favor data storage and analysis;
4. Aiming at the characteristic of different materiel, having finished the experiment and data analyze, and eventually confirmed the operation flow.
本文的主要研究内容有:
1.介绍了小型高速混合制粒机的制粒原理,并根据要求完成了制粒机的机械结构设计、加工与安装,包括搅拌桨和制粒桨的形状与工作位置;搅拌桨与搅拌电机及制粒桨与剪切电机的同轴连接;
2.确定并设计了自动控制方案,包括以ATmega32单片机为核心的控制电路的设计、电路板的制作和相应的软件程序的编写,以实现混合容器内温度的非接触实时测量及搅拌桨与制粒桨转速的测量与控制等;
3.实现了控制板与PC机的通信,并采用LabVIEW编程设计了人机界面,在PC机上实时显示容器内温度、电机转速及时间等参数,方便数据的存储与分析;
4.针对混合容器内不同物料的特性,进行小型高速混合制粒机最佳控制参数的实验与分析,并确定操作标准流程。
According to the need of medicine pelletisation, a New-style Miniature High Shear Granulator (MHSG)is designed, which is a kind of automatic pharmacy equipment to mix, to wet, to granulate at one time. This equipment includes Mechanical Configuration and Measuring and Controlling System. For technologic needs, the experiments present the relevant data corresponding different composition. Compared with a process operating by hand, the equipment shows high automation and efficiency, its product have proportioned granule in shape, similitude granularity in size. To this day, the equipment mode has been finished at whole, which program has become combining production between the measurement and control technology and the biochemistry engineering technology.
The paper’s content includes four aspects as follows:
1. Having introduced the principle of MHSG, and according to technologic needs, finishing the Mechanical Configuration design, machining and fixing, including the shape and relevant position of impeller and chopper, the joint of impeller and mixing motor, and the joint of chopper and cutting motor;
2. Having designed the automatic controlling scheme, including the controlling circuit design based on the ATmega32, PCB design and software design, implementing the real-time measure of temperature in mixing vessel, the testing and controlling of impeller and chopper speed;
3. Having implemented the communication between controlling board and PC, designed the interface between human and computer adopting LabVIEW, which displays the parameters such as temperature, motor speed and time, in order to favor data storage and analysis;
4. Aiming at the characteristic of different materiel, having finished the experiment and data analyze, and eventually confirmed the operation flow.
引文
[1] 崔福德,药剂学,北京:人民卫生出版社,1980
[2] 查国才,湿法混合制粒的特点与高速混合制粒机的制造要求,机电信息,2005
[3] 张小明,粉体工程,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[4] 陶珍东,郑少华,粉体工程与设备,北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[5] 卓震,黄宇新,高速混合制粒机的混合制粒机理与流场研究,化工装备技术
[6] ATMEL ATmega32 Date Sheet
[7] 马潮,詹卫前,耿德根,ATmega8 原理及应用手册,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[8] 强锡富,传感器,北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[9] 晏敏,彭楚武,红外测温原理及误差分析,湖南大学学报,2004,31(5):110~112
[10]姚学军,红外测温原理与测温技术,中国仪器仪表,1999(1):10~13
[11]彭超,李小白,温度测控系统,电子测量技术,2005,5:61~62
[12]基于 ATmega16 单片机的干式变压器智能温度控制器设计,仪表技术,2005(1):47~48
[13]郑爱红,温度控制系统的信号采样放大及 A/D 转换电路设计,微计算机信息,2005,21(7):142~143
[14]徐凤霞,赵成安,AT89C51 单片机温度控制系统,齐齐哈尔大学学报,2004,20(1):64~66
[15]黄立培,电动机控制,清华大学出版社,2003.9
[16]王晓明,电动机的单片机控制,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.5
[17]胡寿松,自动控制原理,北京:国防工业出版社,2000
[18]宋宝,唐小琦,全数字交流伺服驱动器设计与研究,机械与电子,2004(1):39~42
[19]郭庆鼎,王成元,直线交流伺服系统的精密控制技术,北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[20]陈伯时,电力拖动自动控制系统,北京:机械工业出版社,1996
[21]Pakorn Serikitkankul, Hiroaki Seki, Masatoshi Hikizu etal, Study on effects of negative driving torque in servomotor drivers, Precision Engineering, October 2006.
[22]Q. Li, S. K. Tso, L. S. Guo etal, Improving motion tracking of servomotor-driven closed-loop mechanisms using mass-redistribution, Mechanism and Machine Theory, Volume 35, Issue 7, July 2000.
[23]Ming-Yuan Shieh and Tzuu-Hseng S. Li, Design and implementation of integrated fuzzy logic controller for a servomotor system, Mechatronics, Volume 8, Issue 3, April 1998.
[24]MAX5312 Date Sheet
[25]基于 PIC 单片机的永磁无刷支流电机控制系统,微计算机信息,2005,21(12):92~93
[26]黄惟一,胡生清,控制技术与系统,北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[27]黄战华,微机原理与接口技术,北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[28]康华光,电子技术基础,北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[29]张国雄,金篆芷,测控电路,北京:机械工业出版社,2003,8
[30]李刚,林凌,现代测控电路,北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[31]曲学基,王增福,曲敬铠,稳定电源实用电路选编,北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[32]杨继深,电磁兼容技术之产品研发与认证,北京:电子工业出版社,2005.10
[33]吴良斌,高玉良,李研辉,现代电子系统的电磁兼容性设计,北京:国防工业出版社,2004.7
[34]沈文,Eagle lee,詹卫前,AVR 单片机 C 语言开发入门指导,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[35]雷振山,LabVIEW 7 Express 实用技术教程,北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[36]杨乐平,李海涛,LabVIEW 高级程序设计,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[37]岳林,张令弥,基于动态链接库实现数据采集硬件与 LabVIEW 的接口,实验室研究与探索,2006,25(8):925~927
[38]逯颖,基于 LabVIEW 的串行通信接口设计与实现,现代电子技术,2006,17:123~124
[39]陈金平,王生泽,LabVIEW 与 Excel 的通信方法,自动化仪表,2006,27(4):65~67
[40]周泽乾,羟丙甲纤维素与魔芋葡甘聚糖作为甲硝唑缓释片辅料研究,[硕士学位论文],天津大学,2005.12
[41]田华,卓震,抛射式双轴混合制粒机混合机理及参数优化,江苏石油化工学院学报,2001,13(4):34~37
[42]方开泰,马长兴,正交与均匀实验设计,北京:科学出版社,2001
[2] 查国才,湿法混合制粒的特点与高速混合制粒机的制造要求,机电信息,2005
[3] 张小明,粉体工程,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[4] 陶珍东,郑少华,粉体工程与设备,北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[5] 卓震,黄宇新,高速混合制粒机的混合制粒机理与流场研究,化工装备技术
[6] ATMEL ATmega32 Date Sheet
[7] 马潮,詹卫前,耿德根,ATmega8 原理及应用手册,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[8] 强锡富,传感器,北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[9] 晏敏,彭楚武,红外测温原理及误差分析,湖南大学学报,2004,31(5):110~112
[10]姚学军,红外测温原理与测温技术,中国仪器仪表,1999(1):10~13
[11]彭超,李小白,温度测控系统,电子测量技术,2005,5:61~62
[12]基于 ATmega16 单片机的干式变压器智能温度控制器设计,仪表技术,2005(1):47~48
[13]郑爱红,温度控制系统的信号采样放大及 A/D 转换电路设计,微计算机信息,2005,21(7):142~143
[14]徐凤霞,赵成安,AT89C51 单片机温度控制系统,齐齐哈尔大学学报,2004,20(1):64~66
[15]黄立培,电动机控制,清华大学出版社,2003.9
[16]王晓明,电动机的单片机控制,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.5
[17]胡寿松,自动控制原理,北京:国防工业出版社,2000
[18]宋宝,唐小琦,全数字交流伺服驱动器设计与研究,机械与电子,2004(1):39~42
[19]郭庆鼎,王成元,直线交流伺服系统的精密控制技术,北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[20]陈伯时,电力拖动自动控制系统,北京:机械工业出版社,1996
[21]Pakorn Serikitkankul, Hiroaki Seki, Masatoshi Hikizu etal, Study on effects of negative driving torque in servomotor drivers, Precision Engineering, October 2006.
[22]Q. Li, S. K. Tso, L. S. Guo etal, Improving motion tracking of servomotor-driven closed-loop mechanisms using mass-redistribution, Mechanism and Machine Theory, Volume 35, Issue 7, July 2000.
[23]Ming-Yuan Shieh and Tzuu-Hseng S. Li, Design and implementation of integrated fuzzy logic controller for a servomotor system, Mechatronics, Volume 8, Issue 3, April 1998.
[24]MAX5312 Date Sheet
[25]基于 PIC 单片机的永磁无刷支流电机控制系统,微计算机信息,2005,21(12):92~93
[26]黄惟一,胡生清,控制技术与系统,北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[27]黄战华,微机原理与接口技术,北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[28]康华光,电子技术基础,北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[29]张国雄,金篆芷,测控电路,北京:机械工业出版社,2003,8
[30]李刚,林凌,现代测控电路,北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[31]曲学基,王增福,曲敬铠,稳定电源实用电路选编,北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[32]杨继深,电磁兼容技术之产品研发与认证,北京:电子工业出版社,2005.10
[33]吴良斌,高玉良,李研辉,现代电子系统的电磁兼容性设计,北京:国防工业出版社,2004.7
[34]沈文,Eagle lee,詹卫前,AVR 单片机 C 语言开发入门指导,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[35]雷振山,LabVIEW 7 Express 实用技术教程,北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[36]杨乐平,李海涛,LabVIEW 高级程序设计,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[37]岳林,张令弥,基于动态链接库实现数据采集硬件与 LabVIEW 的接口,实验室研究与探索,2006,25(8):925~927
[38]逯颖,基于 LabVIEW 的串行通信接口设计与实现,现代电子技术,2006,17:123~124
[39]陈金平,王生泽,LabVIEW 与 Excel 的通信方法,自动化仪表,2006,27(4):65~67
[40]周泽乾,羟丙甲纤维素与魔芋葡甘聚糖作为甲硝唑缓释片辅料研究,[硕士学位论文],天津大学,2005.12
[41]田华,卓震,抛射式双轴混合制粒机混合机理及参数优化,江苏石油化工学院学报,2001,13(4):34~37
[42]方开泰,马长兴,正交与均匀实验设计,北京:科学出版社,2001