集装箱码头无线通信系统的研究
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摘要
随着全球集装箱运输业的迅猛发展,我国集装箱码头的吞吐量保持了高速的增长。集装箱业务量的增大不但带来了庞大的经济效益,更给集装箱码头通货能力带来了巨大的压力。各个港口为了提高自生的竞争力,都积极探索新技术、新设备,将高新技术成果应用到码头的作业中。传统的工业控制网络由于其采用有线传输介质的局限性,很难适应码头复杂的地理位置和恶劣的工作环境,而以电磁波为信息载体的无线通信技术正好弥补了这一空白。随着无线通信技术的发展,手持式移动终端和车载式移动终端被广泛应用在码头无线通信中,这对于提高码头装卸效率及设备利用率都具有积极的作用。因此基于无线网络的集装箱码头信息管理系统的研究也越来越受人关注。
集装箱无线通信系统具有高移动性、强保密性、抗干扰能力强、架设与维护便捷的特点,充分弥补了有线传输的局限性,适合在用于控制室与现场理货操作人员的交流,如安排堆场作业、调动货柜、指挥现场人员装卸船等,就目前的应用情况,集装箱无线通信系统已经在大部分港口得到应用。
本文主要围绕集装箱码头无线通信系统的建立和应用,首先在实地考察了集装箱码头现有的无线通信系统,在掌握其工作状态和存在的问题后,提出采用单片机开发集装箱码头的无线通信系统。自行设计底层无线通信协议,然后采用高速单片机C8051F020作为控制器,无线射频芯片CC1100作为无线收发器,完成基本调度信息的无线传输,同时具有参数设置、无线重发机制等功能;利用可视化编程工具及SQL SERVER 2000完成上位机软件,利用ADO技术实现调度数据的存储与显示,同时上位机还具有用户管理,终端信息管理等功能。
With the rapid development of global container transportation industry, container port throughput maintained a fast growth in our country. The increasing of Container volume has brought not only a huge economic benefits, but also brought tremendous pressure to the container terminal. In order to enhance the competitiveness, ports are exploring new technologies and new equipment actively, and high-tech achievements are applied to the terminal operations. Traditional industrial control networks has limitation because it adopt cable transmission medium, it is difficult to adapt to the complex geographic location and poor working conditions, however, the wireless communication technology is making up for this gap. With the development of wireless communications technology, PDA are widely used in wireless communication. It has a positive effect for improving the efficiency of port and utilization of devices. People concern more and more on the wireless network research for container terminal control system.
Container wireless communication system has features such as high mobility, strong confidentiality, anti-interference capability and convenient set up and maintain. It compensates for the limitations of wire transmission, and it is used for communication between control room and site operators at the scene, such as arranging yard location, moving the container, commanding operators at the scene, loading and unloading ships and so on. As the current application, container wireless communication system has been applied in most ports.
This paper is around the establishment and applications of wireless communications systems. The author inspects wireless communications systems for container terminal in the field, After getting the work statement and problems, this paper raises a wireless communication system of Container Terminal developed by MCU. It designs the underlying wireless communication protocol by using high-speed C8051F020 MCU as a controller and radio frequency as a radio transceiver chip CC1100 to completed the basic operation of the wireless transmission of information. It has features such as setting parameters and the mechanism of re-issued wireless. PC software is realized by using visual programming tools and SQL SERVER 2000, The scheduling data storage and display is realized by using ADO technology. PC soft can also manage users and terminal information.
集装箱无线通信系统具有高移动性、强保密性、抗干扰能力强、架设与维护便捷的特点,充分弥补了有线传输的局限性,适合在用于控制室与现场理货操作人员的交流,如安排堆场作业、调动货柜、指挥现场人员装卸船等,就目前的应用情况,集装箱无线通信系统已经在大部分港口得到应用。
本文主要围绕集装箱码头无线通信系统的建立和应用,首先在实地考察了集装箱码头现有的无线通信系统,在掌握其工作状态和存在的问题后,提出采用单片机开发集装箱码头的无线通信系统。自行设计底层无线通信协议,然后采用高速单片机C8051F020作为控制器,无线射频芯片CC1100作为无线收发器,完成基本调度信息的无线传输,同时具有参数设置、无线重发机制等功能;利用可视化编程工具及SQL SERVER 2000完成上位机软件,利用ADO技术实现调度数据的存储与显示,同时上位机还具有用户管理,终端信息管理等功能。
With the rapid development of global container transportation industry, container port throughput maintained a fast growth in our country. The increasing of Container volume has brought not only a huge economic benefits, but also brought tremendous pressure to the container terminal. In order to enhance the competitiveness, ports are exploring new technologies and new equipment actively, and high-tech achievements are applied to the terminal operations. Traditional industrial control networks has limitation because it adopt cable transmission medium, it is difficult to adapt to the complex geographic location and poor working conditions, however, the wireless communication technology is making up for this gap. With the development of wireless communications technology, PDA are widely used in wireless communication. It has a positive effect for improving the efficiency of port and utilization of devices. People concern more and more on the wireless network research for container terminal control system.
Container wireless communication system has features such as high mobility, strong confidentiality, anti-interference capability and convenient set up and maintain. It compensates for the limitations of wire transmission, and it is used for communication between control room and site operators at the scene, such as arranging yard location, moving the container, commanding operators at the scene, loading and unloading ships and so on. As the current application, container wireless communication system has been applied in most ports.
This paper is around the establishment and applications of wireless communications systems. The author inspects wireless communications systems for container terminal in the field, After getting the work statement and problems, this paper raises a wireless communication system of Container Terminal developed by MCU. It designs the underlying wireless communication protocol by using high-speed C8051F020 MCU as a controller and radio frequency as a radio transceiver chip CC1100 to completed the basic operation of the wireless transmission of information. It has features such as setting parameters and the mechanism of re-issued wireless. PC software is realized by using visual programming tools and SQL SERVER 2000, The scheduling data storage and display is realized by using ADO technology. PC soft can also manage users and terminal information.
引文
[1].李纲.港口无线局域网探讨.中国水运.2005.9
[2].腾世国,范期海.无线通讯技术在港口的应用.交通企业管理,2004.12:27
[3].张迎新,雷文,姚静波.C8051F系列SOC单片机原理及应用.国防工业出版社.2005.8
[4].曹小华.基于无线局域网的集装箱装卸桥远程监测系统研究(硕士论文).武汉理工大学.2003
[5].别永辉,刘清.基于Internet的港口无线数字通信系统.计算机工程与应用.2006.5
[6].童长飞.C8051F系列单片机与C语言编程.北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.2,38-45
[7].Li ZW,Pan JJ,Zhang JB.Study on intelligent system of hyper-spectral data gathering based on wireless data communication technology in farm machinery.SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 26(10):1813-1816 OCT 2006
[8].于蒙.基于多Agent的集装箱码头生产调度系统的研究(博士论文).武汉理工大学.2007
[9].Mark,J.W.;Evolution of wireless communications and networking.Quality of Service in Heterogeneous Wired/Wireless Networks,2005.Second International Conference on 22-24 Aug.2005 Page(s):2 pp.Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/QSHINE.2005.24
[10].焦多勤,张琳.无线通讯技术在工业自动化领域中的应用及发展.电气技术,2006,09
[11].徐承军.集装箱码头生产调度优化研究(博士论文).武汉理工大学.2006
[12].李文仲,段朝玉.C8051F系列单片机与短距离无线数据通信.北京航空航天大学出版社.2007.
[13].Hong Jiacai;Hu Bo;IEEE 802.15.4 compliant RF module design.Microwave,Antenna,Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications,2005.MAPE 2005.IEEE International Symposium on Volume 2,8-12 Aug.2005 Page(s):910 - 913 Vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MAPE.2005.1618068
[14].严证.基于动态优化组合的集装箱专用卡车自动化调度系统研究(硕士论文).武汉理工大学.2005
[15].盖宁.利用800MHz数字集群系统完善港口调度通信.中国水运.2006.4(04)
[16].王荣辉.基于C_S结构的企业信息管理系统的研究与应用(硕士论文).合肥工业大学.2004
[17].梅大成,郑兴桥.嵌入式短程无线通信系统硬件设计.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,06
[18].耿斌 吕晓东,张永宝.短距离无线设备抗干扰技术.电子产品世界,2004,18
[19].Hong Jiacal;Li Yunzhi;The Design of Wireless Module with Integrated Antennas for ZigBee.Communication Technology,.2006.ICCT '06.International Conference on Nov.2006 Page(s):1-4 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICCT.2006.341879
[20]赵娜.无线火灾报警控制器的研制(硕士论文).哈尔滨工业大学.2006
[21].郑博仁,张玉兴.基于全集成收发芯片CC1000的无线数据传输设计.电子工程师.2005.02
[22].申长军,吴庆宏.低功耗无线数字传输模块的设计与应用.电子技术应用,2004,09
[23].朱宇,王婷.基于混合信号系统级芯片C8051F020的LED显示系统.科技信息.2008.3
[24].王飒.用C8051F020的SPI接口扩展大容量数据存储器.微计算机信息,2006,11
[25].宋国明,王成云.嵌入式系统串口通信分层结构设计与实现.微计算机信息,2006,11
[26].邓专,陈维,王春麟.射频收发芯片CC1100及其应用.机械工程与自动化.2007.12
[27].黄智伟,朱卫华.可编程RF收发器芯片CC1000的原理及应用.国外电子元器件,2002,06.
[28].Takano,H.;Shimamoto,S.;A proposal of optical wireless communication with RF subcarrier.Wireless Communication Technology,2003.IEEE Topical Conference on 15-17 Oct.2003 Page(s):327-328 DigitalObject Identifier 10.1109/WCT.2003.1321543
[29].Morinaga,N.;Nakagawa,M.;Kohno,R.;New concepts and technologies for achieving highly reliable and high-capacity multimedia wireless communications systems.Communications Magazine,IEEE Volume 35,Issue 1,Jan.1997 Page(s):34-40
[30].潘琢金.C805102X单片机数据手册.新华龙电子有限公司
[31].潘旭兵,林中.基于CC1100的无线手持终端的设计.电子技术应用.2007.10
[32].陈瑜.集装箱码头堆场拖车动态调度问题研究(硕士论文).四川大学.2006
[33].王飒.用C8051F020的SPI接口扩展大容量数据存储器.微计算机信息,2006,(11)
[34].高存志.集装箱码头信息系统研制及产品化(硕士论文).重庆大学.2007
[35].宋国明,王成云.嵌入式系统串口通信分层结构设计与实现.微计算机信息,2006,(11).
[36].骆松洁,付梦印.C8051F高速SoC在GPS导航系统中的应用.微型机与应用,2005,(01).
[37].赵念强,鲍可进,申屠浩.基于Soc单片机C8051F的码头供给监控系统.微计算机信息,2005,(03)
[38].Wang QX,Liu X,Chen WQ.Building robust wireless LAN for industrial control with the DSSS-CDMA cell phone network paradigm.IEEE Transactions On Mobile Compution 6(6):706-719 Jun 2007
[39].Ying-Hong Wang;Kuo-Jan Tseng;Yi Hsieh;An algorithm of dynamic resource reservation for multimedia wireless communication.Advanced Information Networking and Applications,2005.AINA 2005.19th International Conference on Volume 2,28-30 March 2005 Page(s):55-59 vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/AINA.2005.89
[40].高培强.无线局域网技术IEEE802.11.大众标准化,2003,(09)
[41].李刚.港口无线局域网探讨.中国水运.2005.9
[42].张鹏飞.单片机技术应用的发展状况研究.浙江工商职业技术学院学报,2005,(01).
[43].王继春.嵌入式软件及其应用领域与发展趋势.信息技术与信息化,2004,(04).
[44].吴庆生.基于nRF401的短距离无线局域网的研究及其应用设计(硕士论文).南京气象学院.2004
[45].李春树.用C8051F构成的采集与控制系统.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,(07).
[46].赋攀,沈淞涛,杜林.无线局域网技术及应用浅析.科技经济市场,2006,
[47].宋国明,王成云.嵌入式系统串口通信分层结构设计与实现.微计算机信息,2006,(11).
[48].Iraqi,A.;Barwicz,A.;Mermelstein,P.;Morawski,R.Z.;Bock,W.J.;Design of a wireless communications module for telemetry in civil infrastructure monitoring.Bock,Instrumentation and Measurement,IEEE Volume 52,Issue 3,June 2003 Page(s):973 - 977 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TIM.2003.809116
[49].Liting Can;Jingwen Tian;Wei Jiang;Distributed Security System for Intelligent Building Based on Wireless Communication Network.Information Acquisition,2006 IEEE International Conference on Aug.2006 Page(s):177-182,Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICIA.2006.305990
[50].Bin Zhao;Analog/mixed-signal and RF integrated circuit technologies for wireless communications.Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology,2004.Proceedings.7th International Conference on Volume 2,18-21 Oct.2004 Page(s):1220 - 1225 vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICSICT.2004.1436750
[2].腾世国,范期海.无线通讯技术在港口的应用.交通企业管理,2004.12:27
[3].张迎新,雷文,姚静波.C8051F系列SOC单片机原理及应用.国防工业出版社.2005.8
[4].曹小华.基于无线局域网的集装箱装卸桥远程监测系统研究(硕士论文).武汉理工大学.2003
[5].别永辉,刘清.基于Internet的港口无线数字通信系统.计算机工程与应用.2006.5
[6].童长飞.C8051F系列单片机与C语言编程.北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.2,38-45
[7].Li ZW,Pan JJ,Zhang JB.Study on intelligent system of hyper-spectral data gathering based on wireless data communication technology in farm machinery.SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 26(10):1813-1816 OCT 2006
[8].于蒙.基于多Agent的集装箱码头生产调度系统的研究(博士论文).武汉理工大学.2007
[9].Mark,J.W.;Evolution of wireless communications and networking.Quality of Service in Heterogeneous Wired/Wireless Networks,2005.Second International Conference on 22-24 Aug.2005 Page(s):2 pp.Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/QSHINE.2005.24
[10].焦多勤,张琳.无线通讯技术在工业自动化领域中的应用及发展.电气技术,2006,09
[11].徐承军.集装箱码头生产调度优化研究(博士论文).武汉理工大学.2006
[12].李文仲,段朝玉.C8051F系列单片机与短距离无线数据通信.北京航空航天大学出版社.2007.
[13].Hong Jiacai;Hu Bo;IEEE 802.15.4 compliant RF module design.Microwave,Antenna,Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications,2005.MAPE 2005.IEEE International Symposium on Volume 2,8-12 Aug.2005 Page(s):910 - 913 Vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MAPE.2005.1618068
[14].严证.基于动态优化组合的集装箱专用卡车自动化调度系统研究(硕士论文).武汉理工大学.2005
[15].盖宁.利用800MHz数字集群系统完善港口调度通信.中国水运.2006.4(04)
[16].王荣辉.基于C_S结构的企业信息管理系统的研究与应用(硕士论文).合肥工业大学.2004
[17].梅大成,郑兴桥.嵌入式短程无线通信系统硬件设计.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,06
[18].耿斌 吕晓东,张永宝.短距离无线设备抗干扰技术.电子产品世界,2004,18
[19].Hong Jiacal;Li Yunzhi;The Design of Wireless Module with Integrated Antennas for ZigBee.Communication Technology,.2006.ICCT '06.International Conference on Nov.2006 Page(s):1-4 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICCT.2006.341879
[20]赵娜.无线火灾报警控制器的研制(硕士论文).哈尔滨工业大学.2006
[21].郑博仁,张玉兴.基于全集成收发芯片CC1000的无线数据传输设计.电子工程师.2005.02
[22].申长军,吴庆宏.低功耗无线数字传输模块的设计与应用.电子技术应用,2004,09
[23].朱宇,王婷.基于混合信号系统级芯片C8051F020的LED显示系统.科技信息.2008.3
[24].王飒.用C8051F020的SPI接口扩展大容量数据存储器.微计算机信息,2006,11
[25].宋国明,王成云.嵌入式系统串口通信分层结构设计与实现.微计算机信息,2006,11
[26].邓专,陈维,王春麟.射频收发芯片CC1100及其应用.机械工程与自动化.2007.12
[27].黄智伟,朱卫华.可编程RF收发器芯片CC1000的原理及应用.国外电子元器件,2002,06.
[28].Takano,H.;Shimamoto,S.;A proposal of optical wireless communication with RF subcarrier.Wireless Communication Technology,2003.IEEE Topical Conference on 15-17 Oct.2003 Page(s):327-328 DigitalObject Identifier 10.1109/WCT.2003.1321543
[29].Morinaga,N.;Nakagawa,M.;Kohno,R.;New concepts and technologies for achieving highly reliable and high-capacity multimedia wireless communications systems.Communications Magazine,IEEE Volume 35,Issue 1,Jan.1997 Page(s):34-40
[30].潘琢金.C805102X单片机数据手册.新华龙电子有限公司
[31].潘旭兵,林中.基于CC1100的无线手持终端的设计.电子技术应用.2007.10
[32].陈瑜.集装箱码头堆场拖车动态调度问题研究(硕士论文).四川大学.2006
[33].王飒.用C8051F020的SPI接口扩展大容量数据存储器.微计算机信息,2006,(11)
[34].高存志.集装箱码头信息系统研制及产品化(硕士论文).重庆大学.2007
[35].宋国明,王成云.嵌入式系统串口通信分层结构设计与实现.微计算机信息,2006,(11).
[36].骆松洁,付梦印.C8051F高速SoC在GPS导航系统中的应用.微型机与应用,2005,(01).
[37].赵念强,鲍可进,申屠浩.基于Soc单片机C8051F的码头供给监控系统.微计算机信息,2005,(03)
[38].Wang QX,Liu X,Chen WQ.Building robust wireless LAN for industrial control with the DSSS-CDMA cell phone network paradigm.IEEE Transactions On Mobile Compution 6(6):706-719 Jun 2007
[39].Ying-Hong Wang;Kuo-Jan Tseng;Yi Hsieh;An algorithm of dynamic resource reservation for multimedia wireless communication.Advanced Information Networking and Applications,2005.AINA 2005.19th International Conference on Volume 2,28-30 March 2005 Page(s):55-59 vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/AINA.2005.89
[40].高培强.无线局域网技术IEEE802.11.大众标准化,2003,(09)
[41].李刚.港口无线局域网探讨.中国水运.2005.9
[42].张鹏飞.单片机技术应用的发展状况研究.浙江工商职业技术学院学报,2005,(01).
[43].王继春.嵌入式软件及其应用领域与发展趋势.信息技术与信息化,2004,(04).
[44].吴庆生.基于nRF401的短距离无线局域网的研究及其应用设计(硕士论文).南京气象学院.2004
[45].李春树.用C8051F构成的采集与控制系统.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,(07).
[46].赋攀,沈淞涛,杜林.无线局域网技术及应用浅析.科技经济市场,2006,
[47].宋国明,王成云.嵌入式系统串口通信分层结构设计与实现.微计算机信息,2006,(11).
[48].Iraqi,A.;Barwicz,A.;Mermelstein,P.;Morawski,R.Z.;Bock,W.J.;Design of a wireless communications module for telemetry in civil infrastructure monitoring.Bock,Instrumentation and Measurement,IEEE Volume 52,Issue 3,June 2003 Page(s):973 - 977 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TIM.2003.809116
[49].Liting Can;Jingwen Tian;Wei Jiang;Distributed Security System for Intelligent Building Based on Wireless Communication Network.Information Acquisition,2006 IEEE International Conference on Aug.2006 Page(s):177-182,Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICIA.2006.305990
[50].Bin Zhao;Analog/mixed-signal and RF integrated circuit technologies for wireless communications.Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology,2004.Proceedings.7th International Conference on Volume 2,18-21 Oct.2004 Page(s):1220 - 1225 vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICSICT.2004.1436750