基于可编程逻辑原理的微机保护实验装置设计
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摘要
目前,微机保护在国内外的电力系统中得到了广泛的应用,其功能完善、集成度高,符合数字化、信息化的发展趋势。但是微机保护性能增强的同时也增加了学习和掌握的难度。国内各高等院校开设了继电保护和微机保护等相关课程,但是微机保护实验和培训实验室的建设情况要滞后于微机保护在现场的推广应用。国内现有的微机保护实验装置种类不多,而且应用较少,功能不够全面,开发一套经济实用,通用性强,切合实际的微机保护实验培训装置是很有必要的,而且是很有意义的工作。
在研究原有的多功能微机保护实验培训系统的基础上,查阅了国内外相关文献,研究了国内多家单位的微机保护实验系统,分析了微机保护装置的最新设计技术和方法,提出了基于可编程逻辑原理的设计方法,设计了一套结构简单、原理清晰的微机保护实验培训装置;提出了基于可编程逻辑原理的组态式设计方法,引入了元件化编程的概念,采用指令表语言对继电保护功能进行元件化封装,使各个功能成为独立的图形化模块,在集成开发环境中调用这些模块构成逻辑图,不同的逻辑图对应不同的保护逻辑,其编译后的代码下载到下位机即方便的可实现相应的微机保护实验装置的功能;TMS320F2812是保护测控模块的核心处理器,负责完成数据计算、逻辑判断、测控、通讯等功能,充分利用了DSP丰富的外扩和强大的运算能力,内部采用ModBus总线实现保护测量模块和人机交换界面的互联,提高了系统的通用性、可扩展能力和电磁兼容能力。介绍了整个系统中各个元件库建立的方法,全面分析了微机保护干扰产生的原因,并且提出了一套完整的抗干扰措施。
此设计方案直观、简单、灵活,且可扩展性能好,该基于可编程逻辑原理的微机保护实验装置可以应用于电力系统相关人员的培训和高等院校各类学生的微机保护教学实验,其实用性强,应用前景广阔。
At present, the microcomputer protection has been used widely in the power system at home and abroad. The functions witch keeping with the trend of development is comprehensive and integrated. However, the enhanced performances of microcomputer protection make the study and mastering it more difficult. The courses about microcomputer protection have been given in civil colleges and universities, but the labs for microcomputer protection fall behind the application in the field. Because the types of existing microcomputer protection experimental device are lack and the features of device are not comprehensive enough, so the development for a set of economical, practical, high universality, realistic microcomputer protection experimental for training is necessary, and it is very significance.
On the basis of studying the original multi-function microcomputer protection system for training, referring to the available literature at home and abroad, researching the microcomputer protection experimental systems, analyzing the latest design methods and technology of microcomputer protection, proposed a new design method witch based on programming logic, designed a suit of microcomputer protection device with simple structure and clear principle for training and experiment.
The configuration design method based on programmable logic and the concept of components programming is raised. Language instruction used to pack relay functions to components, so that various functions will be independent graphical modules. In the integrated development environment, these modules are called in a logic diagram to constitute different protection logic, the function of relay protection will be realized after the code have been compiled and download to the digital signal processor.The high-performance 32 bit digital signal processor is chosen for microprocessor, which could deal with the calculating, logic judging, measuring and controlling, communicating and so on. The plenty expansion equipment and strong operation of the DSP are taken full advantage. ModBus used to achieve the protection modules of measurement and human-computer interface for data exchange. This makes the system more universal and improved the scalability and electromagnetic compatibility of the system. Introduced the establishment of components’storehouse, analyzed the main interference sources operation of microcomputer protection device for training and experiment, and put forward a comprehensive set of anti-jamming measures.
The scheme is visual, simple, flexible, and could be expanded easily. The apparatus could be used for training of relevance personnel in power system and experiments of colleges. Generally, it has great practicability and utility.
在研究原有的多功能微机保护实验培训系统的基础上,查阅了国内外相关文献,研究了国内多家单位的微机保护实验系统,分析了微机保护装置的最新设计技术和方法,提出了基于可编程逻辑原理的设计方法,设计了一套结构简单、原理清晰的微机保护实验培训装置;提出了基于可编程逻辑原理的组态式设计方法,引入了元件化编程的概念,采用指令表语言对继电保护功能进行元件化封装,使各个功能成为独立的图形化模块,在集成开发环境中调用这些模块构成逻辑图,不同的逻辑图对应不同的保护逻辑,其编译后的代码下载到下位机即方便的可实现相应的微机保护实验装置的功能;TMS320F2812是保护测控模块的核心处理器,负责完成数据计算、逻辑判断、测控、通讯等功能,充分利用了DSP丰富的外扩和强大的运算能力,内部采用ModBus总线实现保护测量模块和人机交换界面的互联,提高了系统的通用性、可扩展能力和电磁兼容能力。介绍了整个系统中各个元件库建立的方法,全面分析了微机保护干扰产生的原因,并且提出了一套完整的抗干扰措施。
此设计方案直观、简单、灵活,且可扩展性能好,该基于可编程逻辑原理的微机保护实验装置可以应用于电力系统相关人员的培训和高等院校各类学生的微机保护教学实验,其实用性强,应用前景广阔。
At present, the microcomputer protection has been used widely in the power system at home and abroad. The functions witch keeping with the trend of development is comprehensive and integrated. However, the enhanced performances of microcomputer protection make the study and mastering it more difficult. The courses about microcomputer protection have been given in civil colleges and universities, but the labs for microcomputer protection fall behind the application in the field. Because the types of existing microcomputer protection experimental device are lack and the features of device are not comprehensive enough, so the development for a set of economical, practical, high universality, realistic microcomputer protection experimental for training is necessary, and it is very significance.
On the basis of studying the original multi-function microcomputer protection system for training, referring to the available literature at home and abroad, researching the microcomputer protection experimental systems, analyzing the latest design methods and technology of microcomputer protection, proposed a new design method witch based on programming logic, designed a suit of microcomputer protection device with simple structure and clear principle for training and experiment.
The configuration design method based on programmable logic and the concept of components programming is raised. Language instruction used to pack relay functions to components, so that various functions will be independent graphical modules. In the integrated development environment, these modules are called in a logic diagram to constitute different protection logic, the function of relay protection will be realized after the code have been compiled and download to the digital signal processor.The high-performance 32 bit digital signal processor is chosen for microprocessor, which could deal with the calculating, logic judging, measuring and controlling, communicating and so on. The plenty expansion equipment and strong operation of the DSP are taken full advantage. ModBus used to achieve the protection modules of measurement and human-computer interface for data exchange. This makes the system more universal and improved the scalability and electromagnetic compatibility of the system. Introduced the establishment of components’storehouse, analyzed the main interference sources operation of microcomputer protection device for training and experiment, and put forward a comprehensive set of anti-jamming measures.
The scheme is visual, simple, flexible, and could be expanded easily. The apparatus could be used for training of relevance personnel in power system and experiments of colleges. Generally, it has great practicability and utility.
引文
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[4] 景胜.我国微机保护的现状与发展.继电器,2001,29(10):1-4
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[8] 王鸣江,范春菊,房鑫炎.开放式微机保护试验平台的研制.电力系统及其自动化学报,2003,15(1):63-66
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[13] 李刚,王翠霞,温渤婴.一种新型微机继电保护实验装置的研制.继电器,2005,33(22):16-20
[14] 卢娟,李兆成,陈钢杰,等.保护与测控领域通用可视化平台的设计与实现.电力系统自动化,2005,29(4):58-61
[15] 王胜,王家华,兰金波.图形化保护的原理于实现.电力自动化设备,2004,24(2):76-78
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[20] 李孝.继电保护通用逻辑开发平台设计:[南京理工大学硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学,2007,7-14
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