车辆内部电磁兼容性诊断测试方法与系统研究
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摘要
EMC测试技术是EMC技术领域研究的重点课题。论文在基于电磁兼容理论及测试技术的基础上,在较全面地考察国内外相关研究领域的基础上,设计了能对装甲车辆电磁兼容性进行测试的电磁兼容测试系统”(以下简称系统或装置)。本文阐述了该系统的整体设计方案(包括硬件及软件两部分),同时对电磁兼容诊断测试方法作了详细说明。
本电磁兼容测试系统将先进的磁场探测技术、频谱分析技术和计算机系统结合起来,将复杂的电磁场分布情况通过计算机屏幕显示出来,即将以往不可见的电磁场可视化了。工程师在使用时十分简单,手持诊断测试探头,就可以在自己普通的实验室里对整机系统、或者各个单板、电缆、接插件等进行测试,能够很快地定位出系统中的敏感位置。一旦敏感位置找到了,那么解决问题就容易多了。即使是没有多少电磁兼容技术背景的人员都可以方便使用。这是本电磁兼容测试系统的特色之一。
本系统除可用于装甲车辆电磁兼容性测试外,还适用于各种军用电子、电气和机电设备及分系统的电磁兼容性测试,可对电源线传导发射、电场辐射发射两项指标进行诊断测试(传导发射测试范围为9kHz～30MHz,电场发射测试范围为9kHz～1GHz),用于测量并确定电子、电气和机电设备及分系统是否符合GJB151A-97《军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度要求》的规定。本系统硬件选型先进合理,面板操作简单方便,软件设计功能完善,人机交互性强。
Testing technology of EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) is one the most important study in EMC field. This thesis has provided a feasible design of EMC testing system, specially for armored vehicle base on basic theories and testing technologies of EMC. And it is also contributed by a deep studying on relevant technical achievement from both domestic and abroad. This paper detailedly narrated the overall design of the system (including both sections of hardware and software). And the operation procedure of detection and test are also methodically introduced in this paper.
This EMS testing system combines many advanced technology such as magnetic field detection technology、frequency spectrum analysis technology , and have them worked in PC environment. Through which, people are able to have a eyeable picture for complex distributing of electrical magnetic field in PC screen, that is to say we will have invisible electrical magnetic field been visual for people with this system. The operating procedure is also simple to the operator , who just need a handy probe to test the whole system or each single motherboard、cable or connector in an ordinary laboratory, and it can locate the sensitive position quickly. Once the sensitive position be found, it will be much easier for people to solve the problem. Even it is convenient to operate for those people who have not much knowledge about EMC, which is one of the most outstanding features of this system.
Beside the EMC test for armored vehicle, this system is also applicable for various military electric、military electrical、Machine facilities and subsystem. This system can detect and test for Conducted Emissions of Cable and Rediated Emissions of Electric Field (the range of Conducted Emission Test is : 9kHz～30MHz, the range of Rediated Emissions of Electric Field Test is : 9kHz～1GHz) . It could be widely used for various military electric、military electrical、machine facilities and subsystems to ensure they are exactly compliant with GJB151A-97(The Sensitivity and Electromagnetism Emissions Requirement for Military Equipment and Subsystem). The hardware adopted in this system are advanced and logical, and its panel is easy for people to operate; It also possesses perfect software design, which make itself be more convenient for people to handle .
本电磁兼容测试系统将先进的磁场探测技术、频谱分析技术和计算机系统结合起来,将复杂的电磁场分布情况通过计算机屏幕显示出来,即将以往不可见的电磁场可视化了。工程师在使用时十分简单,手持诊断测试探头,就可以在自己普通的实验室里对整机系统、或者各个单板、电缆、接插件等进行测试,能够很快地定位出系统中的敏感位置。一旦敏感位置找到了,那么解决问题就容易多了。即使是没有多少电磁兼容技术背景的人员都可以方便使用。这是本电磁兼容测试系统的特色之一。
本系统除可用于装甲车辆电磁兼容性测试外,还适用于各种军用电子、电气和机电设备及分系统的电磁兼容性测试,可对电源线传导发射、电场辐射发射两项指标进行诊断测试(传导发射测试范围为9kHz～30MHz,电场发射测试范围为9kHz～1GHz),用于测量并确定电子、电气和机电设备及分系统是否符合GJB151A-97《军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度要求》的规定。本系统硬件选型先进合理,面板操作简单方便,软件设计功能完善,人机交互性强。
Testing technology of EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) is one the most important study in EMC field. This thesis has provided a feasible design of EMC testing system, specially for armored vehicle base on basic theories and testing technologies of EMC. And it is also contributed by a deep studying on relevant technical achievement from both domestic and abroad. This paper detailedly narrated the overall design of the system (including both sections of hardware and software). And the operation procedure of detection and test are also methodically introduced in this paper.
This EMS testing system combines many advanced technology such as magnetic field detection technology、frequency spectrum analysis technology , and have them worked in PC environment. Through which, people are able to have a eyeable picture for complex distributing of electrical magnetic field in PC screen, that is to say we will have invisible electrical magnetic field been visual for people with this system. The operating procedure is also simple to the operator , who just need a handy probe to test the whole system or each single motherboard、cable or connector in an ordinary laboratory, and it can locate the sensitive position quickly. Once the sensitive position be found, it will be much easier for people to solve the problem. Even it is convenient to operate for those people who have not much knowledge about EMC, which is one of the most outstanding features of this system.
Beside the EMC test for armored vehicle, this system is also applicable for various military electric、military electrical、Machine facilities and subsystem. This system can detect and test for Conducted Emissions of Cable and Rediated Emissions of Electric Field (the range of Conducted Emission Test is : 9kHz～30MHz, the range of Rediated Emissions of Electric Field Test is : 9kHz～1GHz) . It could be widely used for various military electric、military electrical、machine facilities and subsystems to ensure they are exactly compliant with GJB151A-97(The Sensitivity and Electromagnetism Emissions Requirement for Military Equipment and Subsystem). The hardware adopted in this system are advanced and logical, and its panel is easy for people to operate; It also possesses perfect software design, which make itself be more convenient for people to handle .
引文
[1]American National Standards Institute(ANSI)C64.14-1992
[2]苏东林 雷军 王冰切 电磁兼容技术综述与展望 宇航计测技术 中图分类号:TM12
[3]Fourie A.,Nitch S.Super NEC:Antenna and indoor— propagation simulation program[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,2000,42(3):31-48
[4]Kim J.J.,Burnside W.D.,Simulation and Analysis of Airbome Antenna Radiation Pattems[R].The Ohio State University,NASA-CR-1984-181250,December 1984.
[5]Song J.M.,Lu C.C.,Chew W.C.,et al.Fast Illinois solver code[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,1998,40(3):27-34
[6]李一鸣.航天系统电磁兼容性论文集[C].北京:宇航出版社,1989
[7]B.E.凯瑟著,肖华庭译.电磁兼容原理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1985
[8]B.E.凯瑟著,喻显荣,李玉兰译.航空和航天系统的电磁干扰控制[M].北京:宇航出版社,1989
[9]蔡仁钢.电磁兼容原理、设计和预测技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1997
[10]GJB 151A-97 国家军用标准GJB 151A—97《军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度要求》 国防科学技术工业委员会 1997.12。
[11]GJB 152A—97 国家军用标准GJB 152A—97《军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度测量》 国防科学技术工业委员会 1997.12。
[12]郭银景,吕文红等.电磁兼容原理及应用[M].2004,第一版,清华大学出版社,北京.
[13]GJB 72-85 电磁干扰和电磁兼容性名词术语;
[14]张松春等编著.电子控制设备干扰技术及其应用[M].2004,第一版,机械工业出版社,北京.
[15]王守三,杨自佑译.电磁兼容原理与应用[M].2005,第二版,机械工业出版社,北京.
[16]梁森 王侃夫 黄杭美 编著 自动检测与转换技术 机械工业出版社 2005
[17]周志敏 纪爱华 电磁兼容技术:电子工业出版社 2007.9
[18]高攸纲 电磁兼容总论 北京邮电大学出版社,2001。
[19]张凤山,周正.超宽带无线通信系统与其它无线通信系统的电磁兼容研究方法[J].电子质量.2005,(2):58-60.
[20]姜治北 数字电子设备电磁干扰与电磁兼容[J].电子质量.2006,(5):70-71.
[21]徐立 谈汽车内电磁骚扰及其影响 中国汽车技术研究中心www.newMaker.com
[22]蔚彩蓉 薛永红 特种车辆电磁兼容性分析 内蒙古石油化工 2006年第9期
[23]朱洪波,杜丽冰.电磁兼容性技术与现代通信(二)[J].现代电信科技.1994,(5):47-54.
[24]高攸刚.展望21世纪的环境电磁学及电磁兼容技术[J].北京:第五届全国电磁兼容学术会议论文集.1999:1-15.
[25]高攸纲,高思进.电磁兼容技术展望及建议上[J].电子质量.2005,(6):73-76.
[26]Farris,Charles R.State of EMC technology in the United States[J].IEEEInternational Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility.1997:14-16.
[27]张林昌.国际无线电干扰特别委员会CISPR简介[J].安全与电磁兼容.2004,(5):2-7.
[28]张林昌.第三届北京国际电磁兼容学术会议提供的标准化与认证信息[J].安全与电磁兼容.2002,(5):24-28.
[29]张林昌.发展我国的电磁兼容事业[J].电工技术学报.2005,20(2):23-28.
[30]Gerke,D.,and W.Kimmel.1994.The Designer's Guide tO Electromagnetic Compatibility.EDN,January 20.
[31]Montrose,M.I.2000.Printed Circuit Board Design Techniques for EMC Compliance—A Handbook for Designers,2nd ed.New York:IEEE/Wiley,3
[32]Montrose,M.I.1999.EMCand the Printed Circuit Board-Design,Theory and Layout Made Simple.NeW York:IEEE/Wiley.]
[33]龚增.辐射电磁骚扰测量简介[J].世界仪器仪表.2004,(2):42-47.
[34]叶志琼.电子设备的电磁兼容技术[J].通信电源技术.2005,22(1):37-40,50.
[35]刘宝殿,卢民牛,王南.无线电话射频感应传导骚扰抗扰度测试[J].安全与电磁兼容,2003,(4):23-29.
[36]雷新.电源EMI滤波器的设计特性及其选取原则[J].电磁兼容设计与检测.2002,(4):50-54.]
[37]Sun,Li;Nie,Jianhong;Wu,Fengjiang.Study on conducted EMI suppression method in PWM adjustable speed system.International Power Electronics Congress-CIEP,9th IEEE InternationalPower Electronics Congress-Technical Proceeding.CIEP 2004:230-235.
[38]方鲲,曹传宝,朱鹤孙,邱海林.导电塑料材料在EMC/EMI中的应用[J].安全 与电磁兼容.2005,(3):78-80.
[39]Huang,Yi.Conducting triangular chambers for EMC measurements[J].Measurement Science & Technology.1999,10(3):L21-L24.
[40]陈淑风,马蔚宇,马晓庆 电磁兼容实验 北京邮电大学出版社,2001。
[41]Williams,T.,and K.Armstrong.2001.EMC Testillg Part 1—Radiated Emissions.EMC Compliance Journal,February.Available:www.compliance-club.com.3
[42]Zhao Yang,See Kye Yak,Diagnosis network Performance for conducted EMI measurement,IEEE Antennas ProPag Soc AP S Int Symp,2003,Vol.3,464-467
[43]CISPR-16—1(multipul dates).Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring Apparatus and Methods—Part 1:Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring Apparatus.
[44]QJ 2840-96电磁兼容性测量天线的天线测量系数校准方法
[45]Ott,H.1988.Noise Reduction Techniques in Eletronic Systems,2nd ed.New York:Wiley Interscience.
[46](法)米切尔·麦迪圭安 电磁干扰排查及故障解决的电磁兼容技术 机械工业出版社,2002。
[47]Mark I.Montrose,Edward M.Nakauchi编著,游佰强 周建华等译 电磁兼容的测试方法与技术 机械工业出版社
[2]苏东林 雷军 王冰切 电磁兼容技术综述与展望 宇航计测技术 中图分类号:TM12
[3]Fourie A.,Nitch S.Super NEC:Antenna and indoor— propagation simulation program[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,2000,42(3):31-48
[4]Kim J.J.,Burnside W.D.,Simulation and Analysis of Airbome Antenna Radiation Pattems[R].The Ohio State University,NASA-CR-1984-181250,December 1984.
[5]Song J.M.,Lu C.C.,Chew W.C.,et al.Fast Illinois solver code[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,1998,40(3):27-34
[6]李一鸣.航天系统电磁兼容性论文集[C].北京:宇航出版社,1989
[7]B.E.凯瑟著,肖华庭译.电磁兼容原理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1985
[8]B.E.凯瑟著,喻显荣,李玉兰译.航空和航天系统的电磁干扰控制[M].北京:宇航出版社,1989
[9]蔡仁钢.电磁兼容原理、设计和预测技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1997
[10]GJB 151A-97 国家军用标准GJB 151A—97《军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度要求》 国防科学技术工业委员会 1997.12。
[11]GJB 152A—97 国家军用标准GJB 152A—97《军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度测量》 国防科学技术工业委员会 1997.12。
[12]郭银景,吕文红等.电磁兼容原理及应用[M].2004,第一版,清华大学出版社,北京.
[13]GJB 72-85 电磁干扰和电磁兼容性名词术语;
[14]张松春等编著.电子控制设备干扰技术及其应用[M].2004,第一版,机械工业出版社,北京.
[15]王守三,杨自佑译.电磁兼容原理与应用[M].2005,第二版,机械工业出版社,北京.
[16]梁森 王侃夫 黄杭美 编著 自动检测与转换技术 机械工业出版社 2005
[17]周志敏 纪爱华 电磁兼容技术:电子工业出版社 2007.9
[18]高攸纲 电磁兼容总论 北京邮电大学出版社,2001。
[19]张凤山,周正.超宽带无线通信系统与其它无线通信系统的电磁兼容研究方法[J].电子质量.2005,(2):58-60.
[20]姜治北 数字电子设备电磁干扰与电磁兼容[J].电子质量.2006,(5):70-71.
[21]徐立 谈汽车内电磁骚扰及其影响 中国汽车技术研究中心www.newMaker.com
[22]蔚彩蓉 薛永红 特种车辆电磁兼容性分析 内蒙古石油化工 2006年第9期
[23]朱洪波,杜丽冰.电磁兼容性技术与现代通信(二)[J].现代电信科技.1994,(5):47-54.
[24]高攸刚.展望21世纪的环境电磁学及电磁兼容技术[J].北京:第五届全国电磁兼容学术会议论文集.1999:1-15.
[25]高攸纲,高思进.电磁兼容技术展望及建议上[J].电子质量.2005,(6):73-76.
[26]Farris,Charles R.State of EMC technology in the United States[J].IEEEInternational Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility.1997:14-16.
[27]张林昌.国际无线电干扰特别委员会CISPR简介[J].安全与电磁兼容.2004,(5):2-7.
[28]张林昌.第三届北京国际电磁兼容学术会议提供的标准化与认证信息[J].安全与电磁兼容.2002,(5):24-28.
[29]张林昌.发展我国的电磁兼容事业[J].电工技术学报.2005,20(2):23-28.
[30]Gerke,D.,and W.Kimmel.1994.The Designer's Guide tO Electromagnetic Compatibility.EDN,January 20.
[31]Montrose,M.I.2000.Printed Circuit Board Design Techniques for EMC Compliance—A Handbook for Designers,2nd ed.New York:IEEE/Wiley,3
[32]Montrose,M.I.1999.EMCand the Printed Circuit Board-Design,Theory and Layout Made Simple.NeW York:IEEE/Wiley.]
[33]龚增.辐射电磁骚扰测量简介[J].世界仪器仪表.2004,(2):42-47.
[34]叶志琼.电子设备的电磁兼容技术[J].通信电源技术.2005,22(1):37-40,50.
[35]刘宝殿,卢民牛,王南.无线电话射频感应传导骚扰抗扰度测试[J].安全与电磁兼容,2003,(4):23-29.
[36]雷新.电源EMI滤波器的设计特性及其选取原则[J].电磁兼容设计与检测.2002,(4):50-54.]
[37]Sun,Li;Nie,Jianhong;Wu,Fengjiang.Study on conducted EMI suppression method in PWM adjustable speed system.International Power Electronics Congress-CIEP,9th IEEE InternationalPower Electronics Congress-Technical Proceeding.CIEP 2004:230-235.
[38]方鲲,曹传宝,朱鹤孙,邱海林.导电塑料材料在EMC/EMI中的应用[J].安全 与电磁兼容.2005,(3):78-80.
[39]Huang,Yi.Conducting triangular chambers for EMC measurements[J].Measurement Science & Technology.1999,10(3):L21-L24.
[40]陈淑风,马蔚宇,马晓庆 电磁兼容实验 北京邮电大学出版社,2001。
[41]Williams,T.,and K.Armstrong.2001.EMC Testillg Part 1—Radiated Emissions.EMC Compliance Journal,February.Available:www.compliance-club.com.3
[42]Zhao Yang,See Kye Yak,Diagnosis network Performance for conducted EMI measurement,IEEE Antennas ProPag Soc AP S Int Symp,2003,Vol.3,464-467
[43]CISPR-16—1(multipul dates).Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring Apparatus and Methods—Part 1:Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring Apparatus.
[44]QJ 2840-96电磁兼容性测量天线的天线测量系数校准方法
[45]Ott,H.1988.Noise Reduction Techniques in Eletronic Systems,2nd ed.New York:Wiley Interscience.
[46](法)米切尔·麦迪圭安 电磁干扰排查及故障解决的电磁兼容技术 机械工业出版社,2002。
[47]Mark I.Montrose,Edward M.Nakauchi编著,游佰强 周建华等译 电磁兼容的测试方法与技术 机械工业出版社