节能砌块隐形密框结构非线性地震反应分析及抗震设计方法研究
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摘要
节能砌块隐形密框结构作为一种新型节能住宅结构体系,有良好的发展前景。本文在试验研究的基础上,首先建立了节能砌块隐形密框墙板的简化力学模型,并对其刚度进行了计算;然后,进行了节能砌块隐形密框结构的非线性地震反应分析;最后对多层节能砌块隐形密框结构抗震设计方法进行了探讨,主要完成了如下工作:
(1)结合节能砌块隐形密框墙板的受力性能试验,并借鉴密肋复合墙体三阶段力学模型,针对节能砌块隐形密框墙板提出了各阶段不同的简化力学模型:弹性阶段——复合材料等效弹性板模型,弹塑性阶段——刚架斜压杆模型,破坏阶段——梁铰框架模型,在此基础上,建立了各阶段的墙体抗侧刚度计算公式,并与试验数据进行对比后对计算公式加以修正。
(2)结合课题组前期的研究成果,进一步完善了节能砌块隐形密框墙板复合材料计算模型,提出了两种正交各向异性复合材料计算模型:两次单向纤维加强模型和双向纤维加强模型。并在此基础上,给出了适于工程计算的各向同性墙体简化材料模型。
(3)对节能砌块隐形密框结构三层住宅楼房1/2模型进行拟动力试验研究,对结构的动力特性、地震反应及结构破坏特征进行了分析研究,并对结构的变形特性、耗能能力及抗倒塌能力进行了探讨,试验表明,该结构受力性能介于框架与剪力墙结构之间。
(4)运用ANSYS有限元分析软件,采用三维梁单元与三维壳单元建立了节能砌块隐形密框结构的三维计算模型,对拟动力试验房屋模型进行了非线性地震反应分析,给出了节能砌块隐形密框结构非线性地震反应分析的方法,进一步探讨了该结构的恢复力模型,并结合现行规范及试验结果,探讨了节能砌块隐形密框结构在“小震”下弹性位移角限值和“大震”下弹塑性位移角限值。
(5)在试验研究及有限元分析的基础上,结合国家现行相关规范,对节能砌块隐形密框结构抗震设计方法进行研究。提出了多层节能砌块隐形密框房屋结构的概念设计原则,给出了节能砌块隐形密框复合墙板的刚度及承载力实用计算公式,并与试验值进行对比;探讨了多层节能砌块隐形密框结构房屋的抗震计算方法,并对结构抗震设计中地震作用的确定及分配进行了研究,提出较为完善的抗震设计方法,为该结构的工程应用奠定了基础。
Energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure, as a new structural system, is very potential. Based on test study, at first, the simplified mechanical model of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall was set up, and its stiffness was calculated. After that, the paper researched non-linear earthquake response analysis of the nergy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure. And finally the seismic design methods for tier building of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure were discussed in the paper. Finished work as following:
(1)Based on test on energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall, learning from different mechanical models for three stages of mufti-ribbed slab wall, the paper set up the simplified mechanical model for the various stages of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall. During elastic stage, the wall was equaled to an elastic composite slab. During elastic-plastic stage, the wall was equaled to a rigid frame-oblique compression bar model. During failure stage, the wall was equaled to a beam-hinged frame. Furthermore, the paper proposed rigidity formulas of walls on the different stage. After contrasting with test data, the paper amended rigidity formulas.
(2)Based on previous study, the paper improved the elastic caculation model of composite material for energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall, and put forward two orthotropic composite material models, twice reinforced model and bi-reinforced model, and also a simplified isotropic material model for engineering.
(3)A three-story building model of the energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure with ratio 1:2 was studied through the pseudo-dynamic test. Dynamic behavior, earthquake response and failure characteristic of the structure were analyzed, and deformation characteristic, energy-consuming, and collapse-resisting capacity were also studied. As what was shown in the test results, this structure's load carrying characteristic was between that of frame structure and shear wall structure.
(4)Three-dimensional beam element and three-dimensional shell element were used to establish three-dimensional model for the structure through the FEM software ANSYS. Through the non-linear earthquake response of model in the pseudo-dynamic test, analysis method of the energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure's non-linear earthquake response was given, and hysteretic model of the structure was researched ulteriorly. To match the prevailing codes and tests discussed elastic angular displacement limit value under small earthquake and plastic angular displacement limit value under big earthquake respectively.
(5)Based on test research and FEM analysis, combined with current code, the seismic design methods of the tier building of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure were researched. Basic principles in the process of structure conception design of the tier structure of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed were achieved. Practical computing formulas for rigidity and load-bearing of the energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall were deduced and contrasted with the test result. Anti-seismic design methods for buildings of the structure were discussed, and the way to ensure and distribute earthquake effect in the anti-seismic design was studied. Perfect seismic design methods were received, and provided the foundation for engineering application of this structure system.
(1)结合节能砌块隐形密框墙板的受力性能试验,并借鉴密肋复合墙体三阶段力学模型,针对节能砌块隐形密框墙板提出了各阶段不同的简化力学模型:弹性阶段——复合材料等效弹性板模型,弹塑性阶段——刚架斜压杆模型,破坏阶段——梁铰框架模型,在此基础上,建立了各阶段的墙体抗侧刚度计算公式,并与试验数据进行对比后对计算公式加以修正。
(2)结合课题组前期的研究成果,进一步完善了节能砌块隐形密框墙板复合材料计算模型,提出了两种正交各向异性复合材料计算模型:两次单向纤维加强模型和双向纤维加强模型。并在此基础上,给出了适于工程计算的各向同性墙体简化材料模型。
(3)对节能砌块隐形密框结构三层住宅楼房1/2模型进行拟动力试验研究,对结构的动力特性、地震反应及结构破坏特征进行了分析研究,并对结构的变形特性、耗能能力及抗倒塌能力进行了探讨,试验表明,该结构受力性能介于框架与剪力墙结构之间。
(4)运用ANSYS有限元分析软件,采用三维梁单元与三维壳单元建立了节能砌块隐形密框结构的三维计算模型,对拟动力试验房屋模型进行了非线性地震反应分析,给出了节能砌块隐形密框结构非线性地震反应分析的方法,进一步探讨了该结构的恢复力模型,并结合现行规范及试验结果,探讨了节能砌块隐形密框结构在“小震”下弹性位移角限值和“大震”下弹塑性位移角限值。
(5)在试验研究及有限元分析的基础上,结合国家现行相关规范,对节能砌块隐形密框结构抗震设计方法进行研究。提出了多层节能砌块隐形密框房屋结构的概念设计原则,给出了节能砌块隐形密框复合墙板的刚度及承载力实用计算公式,并与试验值进行对比;探讨了多层节能砌块隐形密框结构房屋的抗震计算方法,并对结构抗震设计中地震作用的确定及分配进行了研究,提出较为完善的抗震设计方法,为该结构的工程应用奠定了基础。
Energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure, as a new structural system, is very potential. Based on test study, at first, the simplified mechanical model of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall was set up, and its stiffness was calculated. After that, the paper researched non-linear earthquake response analysis of the nergy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure. And finally the seismic design methods for tier building of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure were discussed in the paper. Finished work as following:
(1)Based on test on energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall, learning from different mechanical models for three stages of mufti-ribbed slab wall, the paper set up the simplified mechanical model for the various stages of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall. During elastic stage, the wall was equaled to an elastic composite slab. During elastic-plastic stage, the wall was equaled to a rigid frame-oblique compression bar model. During failure stage, the wall was equaled to a beam-hinged frame. Furthermore, the paper proposed rigidity formulas of walls on the different stage. After contrasting with test data, the paper amended rigidity formulas.
(2)Based on previous study, the paper improved the elastic caculation model of composite material for energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall, and put forward two orthotropic composite material models, twice reinforced model and bi-reinforced model, and also a simplified isotropic material model for engineering.
(3)A three-story building model of the energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure with ratio 1:2 was studied through the pseudo-dynamic test. Dynamic behavior, earthquake response and failure characteristic of the structure were analyzed, and deformation characteristic, energy-consuming, and collapse-resisting capacity were also studied. As what was shown in the test results, this structure's load carrying characteristic was between that of frame structure and shear wall structure.
(4)Three-dimensional beam element and three-dimensional shell element were used to establish three-dimensional model for the structure through the FEM software ANSYS. Through the non-linear earthquake response of model in the pseudo-dynamic test, analysis method of the energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure's non-linear earthquake response was given, and hysteretic model of the structure was researched ulteriorly. To match the prevailing codes and tests discussed elastic angular displacement limit value under small earthquake and plastic angular displacement limit value under big earthquake respectively.
(5)Based on test research and FEM analysis, combined with current code, the seismic design methods of the tier building of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed frame structure were researched. Basic principles in the process of structure conception design of the tier structure of energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed were achieved. Practical computing formulas for rigidity and load-bearing of the energy–saving block & invisible multi-ribbed wall were deduced and contrasted with the test result. Anti-seismic design methods for buildings of the structure were discussed, and the way to ensure and distribute earthquake effect in the anti-seismic design was studied. Perfect seismic design methods were received, and provided the foundation for engineering application of this structure system.
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