渗压作用下的有限应变固结理论研究
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摘要
针对土坝粘土铺盖裂缝的淤填处理问题，对淤填粘土在渗压作用下的固结机理进行了研究。
首先，通过分析渗压作用下的淤填粘土的固结机理，推导出以超孔隙水压力，孔隙比为控制变量的有限应变渗压固结微分方程。在理论模型推导中，考虑了固结过程中固结参数的变化（呈非线性关系），该固结为渗压体积力作用下的固结，不同于均布荷载作用下的固结求解过程。
设计渗压固结试验确定理论模型中的待定系数－有限应变固结系数和有限应变固结对流项系数，这两个系数均为随有效应力和土层深度变化的量，并且体现软土初始孔隙比，压缩性、渗透性及其沿深度变化等因素的综合影响。
提出精细积分半解析法求解变系数的以超孔压和孔隙比为控制变量的渗压固结微分方程。应用matlab语言编制计算程序对各种工况的超孔隙水压力消散、孔隙比随时间和空间的变化进行了求解，对各种计算工况得到的以孔压和变形表示的固结度的变化规律进行分析，说明渗压体积力作用下淤填粘土的固结随时间和空间的非线性分布特性。
在给定条件下推导出渗压固结微分方程的解析解表达式。
设计模型试验模拟渗压作用下淤填粘土的固结过程并对本文建立的理论模型和求解结果进行验证。将理论计算的超孔隙水压力、孔隙比、沉降-时间曲线和根据实测数据计算的这些量进行比较分析，说明文中建立的渗压作用下的有限应变固结理论模型及求解方法的合理性。
This thesis focused on the warping soil consolidation mechanism under osmotic pressure as to blanket cracks disposal in earth dam.
Based on the consolidation mechanism analysis of the warping clay under osmotic pressure, a finite strain osmotic pressure consolidation equation, of which the excess pore-pressure or void ratio was selected as dependent variable, was derived. The non-linear relationships between the void ratio and effective stress as well as between the permeability coefficient and the void ratio were taking into account during the theoretical derivation. This kind of consolidation was induced by body face, which was different from the existed consolidation induced by surface load.
The osmotic pressure test was developed to determine the unknown, finite strain consolidation coefficient and convection coefficient in the mathematical model. The two coefficients both varied with effective stress and depth and were functions of initial void ratio, compressibility, permeability and permeability derivative along depth.
A precise time step integration method was proposed to solve the finite strain osmotic consolidation equation with varied coefficients. The corresponding programs in matlab language were presented for various operating mode computations. Thus, the excess pore-pressure and void ratio distribution along space-time could be derived. The degree of consolidation, which could be expressed by excess pore-pressure or deformation, was derived for various operating mode and its’ characteristics along space-time showed rules of warping soil consolidation under osmotic pressure.
An analytic solution expression of osmotic consolidation differential equation was derived under certain condition.
A model test was designed to simulate the consolidation process of warping soil, the validity of theoretical equation and the solution methods presented in this study. Actual measurements for excess pore-pressure, void ratio and settlement-time curves all showed good agreement with the corresponding computed values.
首先，通过分析渗压作用下的淤填粘土的固结机理，推导出以超孔隙水压力，孔隙比为控制变量的有限应变渗压固结微分方程。在理论模型推导中，考虑了固结过程中固结参数的变化（呈非线性关系），该固结为渗压体积力作用下的固结，不同于均布荷载作用下的固结求解过程。
设计渗压固结试验确定理论模型中的待定系数－有限应变固结系数和有限应变固结对流项系数，这两个系数均为随有效应力和土层深度变化的量，并且体现软土初始孔隙比，压缩性、渗透性及其沿深度变化等因素的综合影响。
提出精细积分半解析法求解变系数的以超孔压和孔隙比为控制变量的渗压固结微分方程。应用matlab语言编制计算程序对各种工况的超孔隙水压力消散、孔隙比随时间和空间的变化进行了求解，对各种计算工况得到的以孔压和变形表示的固结度的变化规律进行分析，说明渗压体积力作用下淤填粘土的固结随时间和空间的非线性分布特性。
在给定条件下推导出渗压固结微分方程的解析解表达式。
设计模型试验模拟渗压作用下淤填粘土的固结过程并对本文建立的理论模型和求解结果进行验证。将理论计算的超孔隙水压力、孔隙比、沉降-时间曲线和根据实测数据计算的这些量进行比较分析，说明文中建立的渗压作用下的有限应变固结理论模型及求解方法的合理性。
This thesis focused on the warping soil consolidation mechanism under osmotic pressure as to blanket cracks disposal in earth dam.
Based on the consolidation mechanism analysis of the warping clay under osmotic pressure, a finite strain osmotic pressure consolidation equation, of which the excess pore-pressure or void ratio was selected as dependent variable, was derived. The non-linear relationships between the void ratio and effective stress as well as between the permeability coefficient and the void ratio were taking into account during the theoretical derivation. This kind of consolidation was induced by body face, which was different from the existed consolidation induced by surface load.
The osmotic pressure test was developed to determine the unknown, finite strain consolidation coefficient and convection coefficient in the mathematical model. The two coefficients both varied with effective stress and depth and were functions of initial void ratio, compressibility, permeability and permeability derivative along depth.
A precise time step integration method was proposed to solve the finite strain osmotic consolidation equation with varied coefficients. The corresponding programs in matlab language were presented for various operating mode computations. Thus, the excess pore-pressure and void ratio distribution along space-time could be derived. The degree of consolidation, which could be expressed by excess pore-pressure or deformation, was derived for various operating mode and its’ characteristics along space-time showed rules of warping soil consolidation under osmotic pressure.
An analytic solution expression of osmotic consolidation differential equation was derived under certain condition.
A model test was designed to simulate the consolidation process of warping soil, the validity of theoretical equation and the solution methods presented in this study. Actual measurements for excess pore-pressure, void ratio and settlement-time curves all showed good agreement with the corresponding computed values.
引文
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