半潜式抢修平台性能试验研究
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摘要
海上抢修平台,又称浮船坞。它是一种两侧有墙、前后端开敞的槽形平底船,主要用于船舶及海上结构物的维修和保养。由于其具有良好的操纵性能、建造周期短、水位适应范围广、不占陆地空间和海岸线,且能主动接近破损船舶及海上平台等优点,因此在海洋工程领域得到广泛应用。但由于其在作业时经常遇到恶劣的海况,不仅影响了正常的抢修作业,而且有可能发生碰撞和倾覆的海损事故。基于此,本论文对总长为80米,宽为19米,设计排水量为3000余吨的半潜式海上抢修平台进行了模型试验与分析,以测试其安全性能,具体内容如下：
(1)静水拖曳阻力试验
本平台是非自航体,长距离移动靠拖航,本试验目的是测定平台在一定速度下的拖曳阻力。
(2)流力试验
本试验目的是测定平台锚泊时水流作用力(流力),根据相对性原理,采用静水拖曳试验测定,拖航速度等于流速,约定最大流速4kn,试验包括3种吃水纵、横向状态流力测试。
(3)波浪试验
本试验目的是研究平台锚泊时波浪作用,测定指定工况下摇荡、加速度及缆绳拉力,本试验采用规则波试验,按ITTC推荐的谱分析方法做出耐波性预报。
(4)半潜式抢修平台性能分析
通过分析以上试验得出结论：在进坞或抬船工况下,各项环境力不大,平台运动轻缓,相当安全；选择流速较低的水域作为工作水域,尤其不可以令平台横流作业。当流速过大时采取必要保护措施。高海况下,风、浪、流力都相当大,建议转移避风保证安全。
Floating ship-repair platform is also known as floating dock. It is a wall on both sides, front and rear open end of the trough punt, is the main building as marine offshore platform maintenance. Because of its mobility, short construction period, water level changes adaptability, not accounting for shoreline and land, repair the ship without any restranints and can take the initiative to close to the damaged ships, offshore drilling platforms and other offshore structures, etc, so it has been widely used in the marine engineering field. However, in the operation it is as often encountered bad sea conditions, not only affects the normal repair work, and there may be a collision and overturning of marine accidents. Based on this, the paper of the total length of 80 meters, width of 19 m and a design displacement of 3000 tons of semi-submersible floating ship-repair platform were studied. Details are as follows:
(1) Hydrostatic towage experiment
The platform body is non-self-propelled, long-distance movement by towing. Purpose of this study was to research the platform under a certain speed drag resistance.
(2) Flow force test
Purpose of this study is to determine the force platform at anchor when the water flow (stream power), according to the principle of relativity, using the hydrostatic drag test measurements towing speed is equal to the flow rate. Agreed maximum velocity is 4kn. Test consists of three draft vertical and horizontal state flow strength test.
(3) Wave test
The trial is to study wave action platform when at anchor, specify the conditions measured sway, acceleration, and cable tension. This test uses the regular wave tests, according to the ITTC recommended spectrum analysis made seakeeping prediction.
(4) Research on characteristics of Floating ship-repair platform
By analyzing these tests and concluding are as follows:in the docking or carrying vessels operating conditions, Platform movement playful, very safe; choose a lower flow rate of water as a working water, especially in cross-flow operation can not be that platform. When the velocity is too large to take the necessary protective measures. Adverse sea conditions, wind, wave and current forces are quite large, it is recommended to ensure safe transfer of shelter.
(1)静水拖曳阻力试验
本平台是非自航体,长距离移动靠拖航,本试验目的是测定平台在一定速度下的拖曳阻力。
(2)流力试验
本试验目的是测定平台锚泊时水流作用力(流力),根据相对性原理,采用静水拖曳试验测定,拖航速度等于流速,约定最大流速4kn,试验包括3种吃水纵、横向状态流力测试。
(3)波浪试验
本试验目的是研究平台锚泊时波浪作用,测定指定工况下摇荡、加速度及缆绳拉力,本试验采用规则波试验,按ITTC推荐的谱分析方法做出耐波性预报。
(4)半潜式抢修平台性能分析
通过分析以上试验得出结论：在进坞或抬船工况下,各项环境力不大,平台运动轻缓,相当安全；选择流速较低的水域作为工作水域,尤其不可以令平台横流作业。当流速过大时采取必要保护措施。高海况下,风、浪、流力都相当大,建议转移避风保证安全。
Floating ship-repair platform is also known as floating dock. It is a wall on both sides, front and rear open end of the trough punt, is the main building as marine offshore platform maintenance. Because of its mobility, short construction period, water level changes adaptability, not accounting for shoreline and land, repair the ship without any restranints and can take the initiative to close to the damaged ships, offshore drilling platforms and other offshore structures, etc, so it has been widely used in the marine engineering field. However, in the operation it is as often encountered bad sea conditions, not only affects the normal repair work, and there may be a collision and overturning of marine accidents. Based on this, the paper of the total length of 80 meters, width of 19 m and a design displacement of 3000 tons of semi-submersible floating ship-repair platform were studied. Details are as follows:
(1) Hydrostatic towage experiment
The platform body is non-self-propelled, long-distance movement by towing. Purpose of this study was to research the platform under a certain speed drag resistance.
(2) Flow force test
Purpose of this study is to determine the force platform at anchor when the water flow (stream power), according to the principle of relativity, using the hydrostatic drag test measurements towing speed is equal to the flow rate. Agreed maximum velocity is 4kn. Test consists of three draft vertical and horizontal state flow strength test.
(3) Wave test
The trial is to study wave action platform when at anchor, specify the conditions measured sway, acceleration, and cable tension. This test uses the regular wave tests, according to the ITTC recommended spectrum analysis made seakeeping prediction.
(4) Research on characteristics of Floating ship-repair platform
By analyzing these tests and concluding are as follows:in the docking or carrying vessels operating conditions, Platform movement playful, very safe; choose a lower flow rate of water as a working water, especially in cross-flow operation can not be that platform. When the velocity is too large to take the necessary protective measures. Adverse sea conditions, wind, wave and current forces are quite large, it is recommended to ensure safe transfer of shelter.
引文
[1]陈伟.基于实测海洋环境数据库的集装箱船耐波性预报研究[D].上海交通大学学报,2009
[2]王振涛.不确定海况下海上型浮船坞作业性能预测方法研究[J].海洋技术,2010
[3]古奥.舰船维修的海上移动平台-浮船坞漫谈[J].舰载武器,2009
[4]刘大路.采用最小二乘法计算船型因子的实施过程[D].大连水产学院学报,2007
[5]王京奇.船舶维修的海上移动平台—浮船坞简介[J].中国修船,2004
[6]蔡成法.船舶微气泡减阻理论分析及试验研究[D].武汉理工大学学报,2003
[7]周广利.船模拖曳阻力试验的不确定度分析[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2002
[8]夏琼.船模试验中波形测量与波形分析方法及其不确定性研究[D].武汉理工大学报,2007
[9]Fred Stem, Marian Muste, Maria-Laura Beninati, and William E. Eiehinger. SUMMARY OF EXPERMENT AUCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY WITH EXAMPLE[J]. IIHR Technical Report No.406. July1999.
[10]卢西伟.开敞水域系泊船舶运动及动力响应研究与泊位优化[D].大连理工大学学报,2009
[11]刘必劲.开敞式码头系泊船舶运动量、系缆力和撞击能量研究[D].大连理工大学学报,2008
[12]温过路.大型船舶系缆力影响因素的试验研究[D].大连理工大学学报,2006
[13]单小麟.浮式抢修平台锚泊作业风险管理[D].天津大学学报,2009
[14]徐勤花.仿生鱼尾推进船模研究[D].烟台大学学报,2007
[15]柏建勇.16400T化学品船主推进动力装置的选型设计及试验分析[D].上海交通大学学报,2005
[16]王冬.多航态高速双体船阻力计算研究[D].天津大学学报,2005
[17]何金花.船舶运动建模及虚拟现实技术的实现[D].厦门大学学报,2007.
[18]曾志.半潜式平台气隙响应的预报[D].上海交通大学学报,2009
[19]方颖.船舶横向摇荡预报[D].大连理工大学学报,2002
[20]尹宝瑞.基于OpenGL虚拟海洋环境仿真[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2010
[21]孙凌丽.船舶运动的风浪影响建模与仿真研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2010
[22]刘春玲.码头系泊实时监控可视化系统的设计[D].大连交通大学,2008
[23]易丛Spar平台系缆张力及垂荡运动响应分析[D].天津大学学报,2007
[24]刘亿.油船极限强度的共同规范及与短期海况相关性研究[D].华中科技大学学报,2009
[25]赵文斌Spar平台水动力载荷及垂荡-纵摇耦合运动分析[D].天津大学学报,2007
[26]Xie Nan, Qian Guoliang, Guo Huanqlu, Wei Naxin. A Measurement System of ShiP Mot ion During Model Tests and Full Seale Seakeeping Trials[J]. Joumal of ShiP Meehanica. Vol.5 No.3 Jun.2001.
[27]单晓麟.浮式抢修平台锚泊作业风险管理[D].天津大学学报,2009
[28]王建超.轻型码头结构荷载标准与可靠性研究[D].大连理工大学学报,2010
[29]孙凌丽,船舶运动的风浪影响建模与仿真研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2009
[30]赵文斌.Spar平台水动力载荷及垂荡-纵摇耦合运动分析[D].天津大学学报,2007
[31]任顺利.张力腿平台动力响应研究[D].中国石油大学学报,2008
[32]唐友刚.集中质量法计算深海系泊冲击张力[D].天津大学学报,2009
[33]李永超.台风状态下码头系泊安全问题研究[D].上海交通大学学报,2011
[34]唐友刚.深海平台系缆形状和张力分析[J].海洋工程,2007
[35]Ken-ichi Kume, Yoshitaka Ukon, Haruya Takeshi. Measurements of surface Pressure and Local Velocity Field around a KCS Model and Uncertainty Analysis[R].
[36]Shen Hongcui, HeMoqin, Zhou Yi. Uncertainty Analysis of Resistance Test [J].Joumal of ship Mechanica. Vol.3 No.6 Dec.1999.
[37]李焱.浪流作用下系泊船舶撞击力和系缆力试验研究[J].海洋工程,2007
[2]王振涛.不确定海况下海上型浮船坞作业性能预测方法研究[J].海洋技术,2010
[3]古奥.舰船维修的海上移动平台-浮船坞漫谈[J].舰载武器,2009
[4]刘大路.采用最小二乘法计算船型因子的实施过程[D].大连水产学院学报,2007
[5]王京奇.船舶维修的海上移动平台—浮船坞简介[J].中国修船,2004
[6]蔡成法.船舶微气泡减阻理论分析及试验研究[D].武汉理工大学学报,2003
[7]周广利.船模拖曳阻力试验的不确定度分析[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2002
[8]夏琼.船模试验中波形测量与波形分析方法及其不确定性研究[D].武汉理工大学报,2007
[9]Fred Stem, Marian Muste, Maria-Laura Beninati, and William E. Eiehinger. SUMMARY OF EXPERMENT AUCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY WITH EXAMPLE[J]. IIHR Technical Report No.406. July1999.
[10]卢西伟.开敞水域系泊船舶运动及动力响应研究与泊位优化[D].大连理工大学学报,2009
[11]刘必劲.开敞式码头系泊船舶运动量、系缆力和撞击能量研究[D].大连理工大学学报,2008
[12]温过路.大型船舶系缆力影响因素的试验研究[D].大连理工大学学报,2006
[13]单小麟.浮式抢修平台锚泊作业风险管理[D].天津大学学报,2009
[14]徐勤花.仿生鱼尾推进船模研究[D].烟台大学学报,2007
[15]柏建勇.16400T化学品船主推进动力装置的选型设计及试验分析[D].上海交通大学学报,2005
[16]王冬.多航态高速双体船阻力计算研究[D].天津大学学报,2005
[17]何金花.船舶运动建模及虚拟现实技术的实现[D].厦门大学学报,2007.
[18]曾志.半潜式平台气隙响应的预报[D].上海交通大学学报,2009
[19]方颖.船舶横向摇荡预报[D].大连理工大学学报,2002
[20]尹宝瑞.基于OpenGL虚拟海洋环境仿真[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2010
[21]孙凌丽.船舶运动的风浪影响建模与仿真研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2010
[22]刘春玲.码头系泊实时监控可视化系统的设计[D].大连交通大学,2008
[23]易丛Spar平台系缆张力及垂荡运动响应分析[D].天津大学学报,2007
[24]刘亿.油船极限强度的共同规范及与短期海况相关性研究[D].华中科技大学学报,2009
[25]赵文斌Spar平台水动力载荷及垂荡-纵摇耦合运动分析[D].天津大学学报,2007
[26]Xie Nan, Qian Guoliang, Guo Huanqlu, Wei Naxin. A Measurement System of ShiP Mot ion During Model Tests and Full Seale Seakeeping Trials[J]. Joumal of ShiP Meehanica. Vol.5 No.3 Jun.2001.
[27]单晓麟.浮式抢修平台锚泊作业风险管理[D].天津大学学报,2009
[28]王建超.轻型码头结构荷载标准与可靠性研究[D].大连理工大学学报,2010
[29]孙凌丽,船舶运动的风浪影响建模与仿真研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2009
[30]赵文斌.Spar平台水动力载荷及垂荡-纵摇耦合运动分析[D].天津大学学报,2007
[31]任顺利.张力腿平台动力响应研究[D].中国石油大学学报,2008
[32]唐友刚.集中质量法计算深海系泊冲击张力[D].天津大学学报,2009
[33]李永超.台风状态下码头系泊安全问题研究[D].上海交通大学学报,2011
[34]唐友刚.深海平台系缆形状和张力分析[J].海洋工程,2007
[35]Ken-ichi Kume, Yoshitaka Ukon, Haruya Takeshi. Measurements of surface Pressure and Local Velocity Field around a KCS Model and Uncertainty Analysis[R].
[36]Shen Hongcui, HeMoqin, Zhou Yi. Uncertainty Analysis of Resistance Test [J].Joumal of ship Mechanica. Vol.3 No.6 Dec.1999.
[37]李焱.浪流作用下系泊船舶撞击力和系缆力试验研究[J].海洋工程,2007